HI EVERYBODY THIS IS JAGANNATHAN IYER VIOLINIST AND ASTROLOGER | ||||||||||||||||||||
THIS IS A RESEARCH WORK IN MUSIC AND ASTROLOGY-BASED ON THE PRINCIPLES OF VIBRATIONS,HARMONY,FREQUENCIES,INTER-RELATIONS OF SRUTIS,NAADI-AMSA ETC. | ||||||||||||||||||||
A very
important site for music lovers,this site is reserved by......
R.JAGANNATHAN IYER (VIOLINIST) FROM HYDERABAD(INDIA). |
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MUSIC IS THE UNIVERSAL LANGUAGE OF MANKIND AND MAN WITHOUT THE SENSE OF MUSIC, IS BUT AN ANIMAL ON TWO FEET.-- (AS STATED IN THE SANGEETA-DARPANA) | ||||||||||||||||||||
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CAN GO THRU' MY WEBPAGE HERE.it is more research oriented than many other musical sites.. In the meantime why not check out the link
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MY INTEREST:(WHERE I AM DEFT AND DEXTEROUS)are:MUSIC,NAADI-ASTROLOGY AND SPORTS | ||||||||||||||||||||
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R.
JAGANNATHAN C\o Dr. P. Kishan, 5-9-22/50, Adarsh Nagar Hyderabad - 500
063 Ph : ® : 040 - 233008 (O) : 040 - 232073-80 E-Mail : [email protected]
[email protected] [email protected] Qualification : B.Com., B.Mus.
Discipline of Art: Instrumental Music, Violin (Hindustani) Professional
: · Initiated into the art of Violin-playing at the age of seven,
by my father in the Carnatic style. Later became a disciple of Mrs. Shyamala.
V.Daithankar in Hindusthani (Vocal Style). Having been introduced to this
new style, I bacame a worthy disciple of world renowned violin virtuoso
Dr. (Mrs.) N.Rajam (B.H.U.) to learn to play the Violin in the Gayaki-Ang.
·
Currently under the guidance and tutelage of Shri V.U.Rajurkar
and Mrs. Malini Rajurkar, both renowned vocal artists of the famous Gwalior
Gharana at Hyderabad. I have had the unique chance to learn rare and difficult
vocal compositions from Pt. V.U. Rajurkar in ragas like Purva Kalyan, Bilaskhani,
to name a few. ·
I have been trained to handle the Violin with a
soft touch to produce the subtle nuances by Shri Akella Mallikarjuna Sarma,
Retd. Principal, Govt. Music College, Secunderabad. · Employed with
ALL INDIA RADIO, HYDERABAD as Staff Artist (Hindustani) since Feb 1990,
has performed in many places in India featuring as soloist and jugalbandi
artist (at times with carnatic artists also) · Have also given LECTURE-DEMONSTRATION
PROGRAMMES on Violin technique at various places. · Doing my specialization
in aesthetic and traditional aspects on Indian classical music, I am continuing
with my extensive research work on the "Antiquity of Indian Music" and
"Evolution of Indian Music" especially SRUTIS based on the principles of
harmonics and sub-harmonics. ALSO : Research work on " The hidden links
between Indian Classical Music, Western classical Music and "NAADI-ASTROLOGY".
Achievements : · Awarded "Sur-Mani" by the Sur-Sringar Samsad, Mumbai.
· Played Jugalbandi concerts with Shri Peri Sriramamoorthy (Carmatic
Violin) and Shri. R. Nagaraj (Sitar), disciple of Sri. Shahid Parvez. ·
Also accompanied Smt. Malini Rajurkar, on Violin for Akashvani Sangeet
Sammelan concert at Lucknow in 1996. · Have produced musical features
"Bhava-Rasa" and Gharana based Sangeetha Lahari" for regular broadcasts
for ALL INDIA RADIO, HYDERABAD. Personal :
Date of Birth : 13-08-1966 Father's
Name : Sri S. Ramamoorthy Iyer
Marital Status : MARRIED
Hobbies : Travel, Sports, Reading,Astrology.
===============*************============*************============************====
TRADITIONAL AND AESTHETIC ASPECTS
OF INDIAN CLASSICAL MUSIC
(HINDUSTANI AND CARNATIC)
Music lovers world over are well
versed with phrases like "Music is Divine", "Music needs no language",
"Music sees no
religious barriers", "Music is
universal", "Music emanates Peace, Life etc, etc.
I am making an attempt to go into
the intricacies of the Traditional and Aesthetic aspects of Indian Classical
Music & to give a
detailed picture of the universal
sound known as "Naada", "Sound" plays a very important role in human life
especially in
expressions, It is well expressed
by the famous French researcher of Indian Classical Music, the great Alain
Danielou in his
book, " A study of Indian Classical
Music" thus:-
"NASO-ASTHI PRATHYAYO LOKE, YAHA
SHABDAANU GAMAD DATHE, ANUVIDDHAM, IVAGYAANAM
SARVE SHABDENA BHAASATE. VAAGEVA
VISHWAA BHUWANAANI JAGNYE, SABHURITHI
VYAAHARATH BHOOMIMA SRUJAT VEDA
SHABDEBHYA EVADOU NIRMAMA SA MAHESHWARAHA".
" In this universe there is no from
of knowledge which is not perceived through sound. Knowledge is pierced
through by sound,
and thus, all that is created is
but the result of sound"
Prof. ALAIN DANIELOU also makes
another emphatic comment on the importance of sound quoting a Sloka from
Sangeeta-Bhashya:--
"PASHUHU SHISHUR MRIGOW VAAPI NAADENA
PARITUSHYATE, ATHO NAADASYA MAAHAATMYAM
VYAAKHYAATUM KENA SHAKYATE", (Animals,
tamed or wild, even children are charmed by sound; who can
describe its marvels.).
We, the music lovers of students of music, are often made to believe certain unacceptable justifications by the traditional Pundits of music, owing to their legacies, traditions, schools of thought etc. I, being a violinist by profession, could not stop myself from analyzing the intricacies of sound in its three forms viz., NAADA, SWARA AND SRUTHI.
Our ancient masters always talked about two varieties of sound:-
a.AAHATHA ? which means
struck sound and
b.ANAAHATHA ? which
means unstruck sound
They also believed in ?Naada?, the
profound sound which covers all matters vibrating or non-vibrating in space.
Having spoken of Swara, Sruthi and Naada, I would like to stress upon the
need to understand that these three are always complementary and co-existent.
Swara in general means a musical note which would have a definite number
of oscillations, wave length and
amplitude, On the other hand, Sruthi
cannot be given a particular wavelength or amplitude just for the reason
it is very much micro in nature. But we can say that it would have only
a particular oscillation and not a range of oscillations, Hence Sruthi
is an atomic sub-division of Swara.
While on the subject of Sruthi and Swara, let me make one thing absolutely clear:--.
"SWARA IS ALWAYS OSCILLATING. Hence it is unstable. SRUTHI IS NEVER OSCILLATING., it is very minute in nature and absolutely stable. Here we can say that, Sruthi being the smallest division of Swara, enables us to not only identify a particular note or Swara, but also the duration of the struck note. There are twelve Swaras and sixteen Swarasthaanas. Sruthi is always considered at the mid-point of a Swara and Naada is such a Swara, which is so complete in nature that it sustains for a very long duration, without being disurbed by any of the sub-tones and their sub-tones. Hence, "Naada" draws maximum attention in music, especially, when the music is in a slow tempo or laya or rhythm.
So, we can say that sound can be subdivided into non-musical notes, musical notes, intervals of notes, escalation and decaying of notes and last but not the least, the duration for which it remains struck.
Within the 16 Swara-sthaanas of 12 Swaras are 22 musical Sruthis. Out of these Sruthis, four Sruthis are each assigned for Shadja, Madhyama and Panchama, two each for Gaandhaara and Nishaada, three each for Rishabha and Dhaivata. This division of Sruits is clearly described in the following Sloka:--
"Chatush, chatush, chatushchaiva,
shadja, madhyama, panchama,
dwai, dwai, nishaada-gaandhaarou,
thrisri rishabha-dhaivatashcha"
THE NATURE OF SOUND
Sukhini Sukhanidhaanam Dukhitaanaam vinodaha
Shravana Hrudaya Hari Manmathasyaagradootaha
Aatichatura sugamyo vallabhaha kaamininaam
Jayati Jayati Naadaha Panchamashchopachedaha
"SOUND {NAADA} is the treasure of happiness for the happy, the distraction of those who suffer, the winner of the hearts of healers, the first messenger of the God of Love. It is the clever and easily obtained beloved of passionate women. May it ever, ever, be honoured. It is the fifth approach to the Eternal Wisdom, the VEDA. "(SANGEETA- BHAASHYA)
Sound is said to be of two kinds.
One a vibration of ether, the other a vibration of the air. The vibration
of ether, remains unperceived by the physical sense and is considered the
principle underlying all manifestation, the basis of all substance. It
corresponds to what PYTHAGORAS called the "Music of the spheres" and follows
permanent numerical patterns which lie at the very root of the world?s
existence. This kind of vibration is not due to any physical shock, unlike
audible sounds. It is
therefore called Anaahata, "Unstruck".
The other kind of sound is an "impermanent" vibration in the air, an image
of ETHER vibration
of the same frequency. (Yatpinde ? TadBramhaande) It is audible and is
always produced by a shock. It is therefore called Aahata or "Struck".
The Sangeeta-Makaranda mentions the same. These two aspects are described in great detail in "Naarada-Purana". "Sound produced from ether is known as "unstruck". In this unstruck sound the Gods delight. The Yogis, the Great Spirits, projecting their minds by an effort of the mind into this unstruck sound, depart, attaining LIBERATION"
"Struck sound is said to give pleasure, unstruck sound gives liberation". But this unstruck sound having no relation with human enjoyment does not interest ordinary men. Not all audible vibrations are musical sounds. The sounds used in music are those whose mutual relations form an image of the basic mathematical laws of the universe. Thus musical sounds reproduce the first creation of the primordial intellect. This creation is at the same time a rhythm and a thought. In correspondence with this, the main characteristic of musical sounds, is that, although they form simple physical relations, yet at the same time they convey ideas. {they are expressions.} That is why the sound of music is called "NAADA", intelligible sound, and is said to result from the union of physical breath with the fire of intellect.
?the syllable "Naa" means breath,
"Da" the fire (of intellect). In musical sound three main elements are
usually considered ?
intensity, pitch and timbre, Intensity
is the relative strength of the sound ? whether soft or vigorous.
Pitch is defined by the interval of the number of vibrations (shruthis)
Timbre is the resonance of harmonies
which differentiates the sound of various instruments of voices. Timbers
are classified into
five main categories:-
"Those of the struck sounds are produced by:
1.nails (strings)
2.wind(flutes)
3.leather (drums)
4.metal (percussion
instruments) or
5.from the body (voice)
"From sound is evolved Sruti microtone. Microtones adorn Swara. Swaras give shape to Geeta. Sangeeta is the finished product, a fit offering to the Gods. Such is the origin and function of Indian Music", says Prof. Rangaramanuja Iyengar, in his treatise on "Sangeeta Ratnakara".
"Sangeetam", in turn, has an indefinable mysterious charm. It can please, captivate, intoxicate, hypnotise. The nature and intensity of its appeal depend upon its texture, quality and definite objective. On one hand, Sangeetam can titillate and stir the emotions, on the other, it can still the mind and irrigate it with a soothing, ethereal calm, so that it functions as a springboard for sublime contemplation touching various levels of consciousness. Thus music is the favourite of all celestial beings.
What is "Sruti"?
By tradition, the flute is said to produce Swaras of one, two, three and
four srutis. Bharatamuni's Natya-Sastra gives five more, to bring the total
to nine. Matanga says in his treatise, "Brihaddeshi": "Only a sensitive
ear can discern the minute pitch indicated by one Sruti". "Those who understand
Sruti believe that it is an audible sound of the lowest vibration adding
to the individuality
of a Swara", says Viswavasu (This
is very much debatable).
Some who are skilled in elucidation of the nature of Sruti, state an octave harbours twenty two Srutis. Others say that there are sixty-six Srutis. Some are of the opinion that there are Srutis as infinite as the sounds vibrating in the atmosphere (Kohala).
I am of the opinion that since we consider twelve Swaras or musical notes,
within an octave, then each of these Swaras can have independent manifestations
and hence there would be seven Srutis for each, of which three Srutis
would precede and an equal number succeed. Thus, the fourth would be the
Sruti for any note, (when the relationship between notes are not to be
considered.)