Timeline: Sudan
A chronology of key events:
1881 - Revolt against the Turco-Egyptian administration.
1956 - Sudan becomes independent.
1958 - General Abbud leads military coup against the civilian government elected earlier in the year
1962 - Civil war begins in the south, lead by the Anya Nya movement.
1964 - The "October Revolution" overthrows Abbud and a national government is established
1969 - Ja'far Numayri leads the "May Revolution" military coup.
1971 - Sudanese Communist Party leaders executed after short-lived coup against Numayri
South gets autonomy
1972 - Under the Addis Ababa peace agreement between the government and the Anya Nya the south becomes a self-governing region.
1978 - Oil discovered in Bentiu in southern Sudan.
1983 - Civil war breaks out again in the south involving government forces and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM), lead by John Garang.
Islamic law imposed
1983 - President Numayri declares the introduction of shari'ah (Islamic law).
1985 - After widespread popular unrest Numayri is deposed by a group of officers and a Transitional Military Council is set up to rule the country.
1986 - Coalition government formed after general elections, with Sadiq al-Mahdi as prime minister.
1988 - Coalition partner the Democratic Unionist Party drafts cease-fire agreement with the SPLM, but it is not implemented.
1989 - National Salvation Revolution takes over in military coup.
1993 - Revolution Command Council dissolved after Umar al-Bashir is appointed president.
US strike
1995 - Egyptian President Mubarak accuses Sudan of being involved in attempt to assassinate him in Addis Ababa.
1998 - USA launches missile attack on a pharmaceutical plant in Khartoum, alleging that it was making materials for chemical weapons.
1998 - New constitution endorsed by over 96% of voters in referendum.
1999 - President Bashir dissolves the National Assembly and declares a state of emergency following a power struggle with parliamentary speaker, Hassan al-Turabi.
Advent of oil
1999 - Sudan begins to export oil.
2000 5 September - The governor of the capital, Khartoum, issues a decree barring women from working in public places.
2000 26 September - President Bashir meets for the first time ever leaders of the opposition National Democratic Alliance in the Eritrean capital, Asmara.
2000 December - Police arrest six members of the National Democratic Alliance while meeting a US diplomat; Bashir re-elected for another five years in elections boycotted by the main opposition parties.
2001 February - Islamist leader Hassan al-Turabi arrested a day after his party, the Popular National Congress, signed a memorandum of understanding with the southern rebel Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA).
2001 March - UN's World Food Programme struggles to raise funds to feed 3 million facing famine.
2001 April - SPLA rebels threaten to attack international oil workers brought in by the government to help exploit vast new oil reserves. Government troops are accused of trying to drive civilians and rebels from the oilfields.
2001 April-May - Police continue arrests of members of Turabi's Popular National Congress party.
2001 May - The ICRC temporarily halts its flights into southern Sudan after an attack on one of its planes kills a co-pilot.
2001 25 May - Police use tear gas to disperse thousands of demonstrators at the funeral of Ali Ahmed El-Bashir, an active member of the opposition Islamist Popular National Congress party, who died the previous day from wounds sustained while being arrested.
2001 June - Failure of Nairobi peace talks attended by President al-Bashir and rebel leader John Garang.
2001 July - Government says it accepts a Libyan/Egyptian initiative to end the civil war. The plan includes a national reconciliation conference and reforms.
2001 July - Bambo oil field inaugurated in Unity State, producing 15,000 barrels per day.
2001 August - Thousands are left homeless as the Nile rises to highest level for twenty years.
2001 September - UN Security Council lifts largely symbolic sanctions against Sudan which involved a ban on diplomatic travel. They were imposed in 1996 over accusations that Sudan harboured suspects in an attempt on the life of Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak.
2001 October - US President Bush names Senator John Danforth as special envoy to try help end Sudanese conflict.
2001 November - US extends unilateral sanctions against Sudan for another year, citing its record on terrorism and rights violations.
2001 December - More than 14,550 slaves - mainly blacks from the south - are said freed over past six months, following campaigning by rights activists.
2001 December - SPLA claims 254 troops were killed over a few weeks during resistance to a government campaign to depopulate southern areas for oil exploitation.
2001 December - SPLA accuses government of bombing the central Nuba mountains for three weeks in violation of a US-brokered truce aimed at allowing humanitarian aid into the region.
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