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CUTUBYADII BUUGGA
2. PRONUNCIATION -
HABKA AMA SIDA ERAYADA LOOGU DHAWAAQO
In this section, English pronunciation is explained primarily in terms of Somali spelling. (See Introduction.)
The English Consonants
b is usually pronounced like Somali "b". For example: big (big) weyn.
However, in some words, b is silent. For example: comb (koom) shanlo.
c is usually pronounced like Somali "k". For example: cat (kaat) bisad.
However, before e, i or y, the letter c is usually pronounced like Somali "s". For example: ceiling (siiling) saqafka.
ch is pronounced like Somali "j", except that ch is pronounced with a puff of air. For example: cheese (chiiz) burcad.
ck is usually pronounced like Somali "k". For example: back (baak) gadaal.
d is usually pronounced like Somali "d". For example: dog (dog) eey.
f is usually pronounced like Somali "f". For example: fat (faat) buuran.
g is usually pronounced like Somali "g". For example: go (goo) tag.
However, before e, i or y, the letter g is usually pronounced like Somali "j". For example: ginger (jinjer) sanjibiil.
h is usually pronounced like Somali "h". For example: head (hed) madaxa.
However, in some words, h is silent. For example: hour (awer) saacad.
j is usually pronounced like Somali "j". For example: joke (jook) kaftan.
k is usually pronounced like Somali "k". For example: kiss (kis) dhunkasho.
l is usually pronounced like Somali "l". For example: leaf (liif) caleen.
m is usually pronounced like Somali "m". For example: man (maan) nin.
n is usually pronounced like Somali "n". For example: no (noo) maya.
ng is pronounced like Somali "n", except that the back part of the tongue is raised instead of the front part. For example: song (song) hees.
p is pronounced like Somali "b", except that p is pronounced with a puff of air. For example: pea (pii) diger.
ph is usually pronounced like Somali "f". For example: phone (foon) telefoon.
qu is usually pronounced like Somali "kw". For example: quick (kwik) dhaqsi.
r is pronounced more softly than Somali "r". In the case of English r, the tongue does not touch the roof of the mouth. For example: red (red) casan.
s is usually pronounced like Somali "s". For example: sun (san) cadceed.
However, in some words, s is pronounced like z. For example: nose (nooz) sanka.
In a few words, s is pronounced like Somali "sh", but with a buzzing sound in the throat. The letters "ZH" are used to represent this sound. For example: television (telaviZHen) telefisyoon.
sh is usually pronounced like Somali "sh". For example: shoe (shuu) kab.
t is usually pronounced like Somali "t". For example: tall (tol) dheer.
th In some words, th is pronounced like Somali "sh", except that the tip of the tongue is placed between the teeth. For example: thin (thin) caato.
However, in other words, th is pronounced in the same way, but with a buzzing sound in the throat. It is pronounced like Somali "d" in the Somali word "odey". The letters "TH" are used to represent this sound. For example: this (THis) kan.
v is pronounced like Somali "f", but with a buzzing sound in the throat. For example: evening (iivening) galab.
w is usually pronounced like Somali "w". For example: wife (waayf) xaas.
x is most often pronounced like Somali "ks". For example: box (boks) sanduuq.
However, at the beginning of a word, x is usually pronounced like z. For example: xerox (zeroks) lagu sawiro.
y is usually pronounced like Somali "y". For example: yes (yes) haa.
However, in some words, y is pronounced like Somali "ii". For example: lucky (lakii) nasiib.
In a few words, y is pronounced like Somali "aay". For example: fly (flaay) duulid.
z is pronounced like Somali "s", but with a buzzing sound in the throat. For example: zero (ziiroo) eber.
The English Vowels
a Before two consonants, or before one consonant at the end of a word, a is usually pronounced like Somali "aa". For example: back (baak) gadaal, cat (kaat) bisad.
However, before a vowel, before y, or before a single consonant followed by a vowel, a is usually pronounced like Somali "ey". For example: day (dey) maalin, late (leyt) dahid, goor-dambe.
e Before two consonants, or before one consonant at the end of a word, e is usually pronounced like Somali "e". For example: hello (heloo) haye, bed (bed) sariir.
However, before a vowel, or before a single consonant followed by a vowel, e is usually pronounced like Somali "ii". For example: leaf (liif) caleen, evening (iivening) galab.
At the end of a word, e is often silent. For example: late (leyt) dahid
i Before two consonants, or before one consonant at the end of a word, i is usually pronounced like Somali "i". For example: pillow (piloo) barkin, big (big) weyn.
However, before a single consonant followed by a vowel, i is usually pronounced like Somali "aay". For example: side (saayd) dhinac.
o Before two consonants, or before one consonant at the end of a word, o is usually pronounced like Somali "o". For example: follow (foloo) raacid, hot (hot) kulul.
However, before a vowel, or before a single consonant followed by a vowel, o is usually pronounced like Somali "oo". For example: boat (boot) dooni, joke (jook) kaftan.
oo In some words, oo is pronounced like Somali "uu". For example: moon (muun) dayax.
However, in other words, the sound of oo lies between the sounds of Somali "a" and "u". The letter "U" is used to represent this sound. For example: book (bUk) buug.
ow is usually pronounced like Somali "aw". For example: cow (kaw) sac.
oy is usually pronounced like Somali "ooy". For example: boy (booy) wiil.
u Before two consonants, or before one consonant at the end of a word, in some words u is pronounced like the sound of oo in "book", for example: bull (bUl) jiid, put (pUt) dhigid;
whereas in other words it is pronounced like Somali "a", for example: butter (bater) subag, sun (san) cadceed.
However, before a single consonant followed by a vowel, u is usually pronounced like Somali "uu". For example: student (stuudent) arday.
Read aloud: The sun is hot. It is evening. A thin boy is looking for a big cow. It is late. In an hour, the moon will rise. The boy sings a song. Then he sees the cow. He picks up a stick and follows the cow home.
Pronunciation of reading passage: THa san iz hot. It iz iivening. Aa thin booy iz lUking foor a big kaw. It is leyt. In ann awer, THa muun wil raayz. THa booy singz aa song. THen hii siiz THa kaw. Hii piks ap aa stik aand folooz THa kaw hoom.
Somali translation of reading passage: Qoraxdii waa kulushahay. Waa galaab. Waa wiil caato ah oo doonaya sac weyn. Waa goor-dambe. Saacad gudaheed dayaxii waa soo bixi doona. Wiilkii waxu heesaya hees. Ka dib waxu arkaya sicii. Waxu kor u qadaya ul, waxu na u raacaya sicii gurigiisa.
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2. HABKA AMA SIDA ERAYADA LOOGU DHAWAAQO -
PRONUNCIATION
Shibannayaasha Xarfaha Ingiriska
b Inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa "b". Tusaale: big (big) weyn.
b erayada qaarkood lagumaba dhawaaqo. Tusaale: comb (koom) shanlo.
c Inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa "k". Tusaale: cat (kaat) bisad.
Xarfaha e, i iyo y hortooda, inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa "s". Tusaale: ceiling (siiling) saqafka.
ch Waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa sida "j" qaas ahaan ch marna adiga oo xarafka "j" shidaayo. Tusaale: cheese (chiiz) burcad.
ck Inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa "k". Tusaale: back (baak) gadaal.
d Inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa "d". Tusaale: dog (dog) eey.
f Inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa "f". Tusaale: fat (faat) buuran.
g Inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa "g". Tusaale: go (goo) tag.
Xarfaha e, i iyo y hortooda, inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa "j". Tusaale: ginger (jinjer) sanjibiil.
h Inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa "h". Tusaale: head (hed) madaxa.
h erayada qaarkood lagumaba dhawaaqo. Tusaale: hour (awer) saacad.
j Inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa "j". Tusaale: joke (jook) kaftan.
k Inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa "k". Tusaale: kiss (kis) dhunkasho.
l Inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa "l". Tusaale: leaf (liif) caleen.
m Inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa "m". Tusaale: man (maan) nin.
n Inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa "n". Tusaale: no (noo) maya.
ng Waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa sida "n" gaar ahaan iyadoo xagga dambe ee carabka sare loo qaadaayo, ma aha xaggisa hore. Tusaale: song (song) hees.
p Waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa sida "b" qaas ahaan p marna adiga oo xarafka "b" shidaayo. Tusaale: pea (pii) diger.
ph Inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa "f". Tusaale: phone (foon) telefoon.
qu Inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa "kw". Tusaale: quick (kwik) dhaqsi.
r Waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa sida "r" Somalida oo kale. Marka lagu dhawaaqayo r sida Ingriska carabka lama taabsiinaayo xagga sare. Tusaale: red (red) casan.
s Inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa "s". Tusaale: sun (san) cadceed.
Erayada qaarkooda s waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa sida z iyadoo laga dhawaajinaayo cunnaha. Tusaale: nose (nooz) sanka.
Erayada qaarkooda s waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa sida "sh", laakin iyadoo laga dhawaajinaayo cunnaha. Xarafaka "ZH" waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida dhawaaqiso yahay. Tusaale: television (telaviZHen) telefisyoon.
sh Inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa "sh". Tusaale: shoe (shuu) kab.
t Inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa "t". Tusaale: tall (tol) dheer.
th Erayada qaarkood waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa sida "sh" iyada carabka, ilkaha fooda hore lagu xajinaaya. Tusaale: thin (thin) caato.
Erayada qaarkood waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa sida aan kor ku soo sheegnay oo kale, gaar ahaan iyadoo laga dhawaajinaayo cunnaha. Waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa sida "d" ee erayga "odey". Xarafaka "TH" waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida dhawaaqiso yahay. Tusaale: this (THis) kan.
v Waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa sida "f", laakin iyadoo laga dhawaajinaayo cunnaha. Tusaale: evening (iivening) galab.
w Inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa "w". Tusaale: wife (waayf) xaas.
x Sida badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa sida "ks". Tusaale: box (boks) sanduuq.
Bilowga erayga x sida badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa sida z. Tusaale: xerox (zeroks) lagu sawiro.
y Inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa "y". Tusaale: yes (yes) haa.
Erayada qaarkood waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa sida "ii". Tusaale: lucky (lakii) nasiib.
Erayada qaarkood waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa sida "aay". Tusaale: fly (flaay) duulid.
z Waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa sida "s", laakin iyadoo laga dhawaajinaayo cunnaha. Tusaale: zero (ziiroo) eber.
Shakhal-Dheerayaasha Xarfaha Ingiriska
a Laba shibanne hortooda, ama erayga dhismahisu ku dhamaado hal shibanne hortiisa, inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa sida "aa". Tusaale: back (baak) gadaal, cat (kaat) bisad.
Shakhal-dheere hortiisa, ama y horted, ama shakhal-dheerana la socodo, hal shibanne hortiisa, inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa sida "ey". Tusaale: day (dey) maalin, late (leyt) dahid, goor-dambe.
e Laba shibanne hortooda, ama erayga dhismahisu ku dhamaado hal shibanne hortiisa, inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa sida "e". Tusaale: hello (heloo) haye, bed (bed) sariir.
Shakhal-dheere hortiisa, ama shakhal-dheerana la socodo, hal shibanne hortiisa, inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa sida "ii". Tusaale: leaf (liif) caleen, evening (iivening) galab.
Erayga u ku dhamaado e sida badan laguma dhawaaqo ee waa laga amuusaa. Tusaale: late (leyt) dahid.
i Laba shibanne hortooda, ama erayga dhismahisu ku dhamaado hal shibanne hortiisa, inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa sida "i". Tusaale: pillow (piloo) barkin, big (big) weyn.
Shakhal-dheerana la socodo, hal shibanne hortiisa, inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa sida "aay". Tusaale: side (saayd) dhinac.
o Laba shibanne hortooda, ama erayga dhismahisu ku dhamaado hal shibanne hortiisa, inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa sida "o". Tusaale: follow (foloo) raacid, hot (hot) kulul.
Shakhal-dheere hortiisa, ama shakhal-dheerana la socodo, hal shibanne hortiisa, inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa sida "oo". Tusaale: boat (boot) dooni, joke (jook) kaftan.
oo Erayada qaarkood waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa sida "uu". Tusaale: moon (muun) dayax.
Erayada qaarkood ku dhawaaqidood u dhaxeeyaa "a" iyo "u". Xarafka "U" waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida dhawaaqistisu yahay. Tusaale: book (bUk) buug.
ow Inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa "aw". Tusaale: cow (kaw) sac.
oy Inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa "ooy". Tusaale: boy (booy) wiil.
u Laba shibanne hortooda, ama erayga dhismahisu ku dhamaado hal shibanne hortiisa, erayada qaarkood ku dhawaaqidood u dhaxeeyaa "a" iyo "u", tusaale: bull (bUl) jiid, put (pUt) dhigid;
iyo erayada qaarkood waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa sida "a", tusaale: butter (bater) subag, sun (san) cadceed.
Shakhal-dheerana la socodo, hal shibanne hortiisa, inta badan waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa sida "uu". Tusaale: student (stuudent) arday.
Akhri: The sun is hot. It is evening. A thin boy is looking for a big cow. It is late. In an hour, the moon will rise. The boy sings a song. Then he sees the cow. He picks up a stick and follows the cow home.
Waxaa loogu dhawaaqaa sida: THa san iz hot. It iz iivening. Aa thin booy iz lUking foor a big kaw. It iz leyt. In aan awer, THa muun wil raayz. THa booy singz aa song. THen hii siiz THa kaw. Hii piks ap aa stik aand folooz THa kaw hoom.
Micnaha eray: Qoraxdii waa kulushahay. Waa galaab. Waa wiil caato ah oo doonaya sac weyn. Waa goor-dambe. Saacad gudaheed dayaxii waa soo bixi doona. Wiilkii waxu heesaya hees. Ka dib waxu arkaya sicii. Waxu kor u qadaya ul, waxu na u raacaya sicii gurigiisa.
CUTUBYADII BUUGGA