Title : MS-DOS and Windows installation.
Module : Computers and Networking.
Course : EIMC Year 1, Semester 2.
Student : Michael Briggs.
E-mail : [email protected].

Who am I ?

This is me

Hello.

My name is Michael Briggs and I'm a first year student on the Electronic Imaging and Media Communication BSc course at the University of Bradford.

Before arriving at Bradford, armed with only my wits, my PC and a tupperware tub of Dairylea sandwiches lovingly packed by my mum, I used to be a computer programmer.

So why university and why this course ? Well, one day I was sat at my desk bored when it suddenly struck me that any minute now I'd blink and before I knew what was happening it would be time to collect my pension. I decided that computers, unless used correctly, could be very boring. Purchase ledgers, sales ledgers, nominal ledgers, I decided were not what I wanted to spend the rest of my life working with. So I decided to investigate the more creative side of computers, hence this course.

So I've put my career in the cupboard for three years and have adopted the hunched shouldered, apathetic, can't-be-bothered stance of the full time student.

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Who is Dave Forbes ?

Glad you asked.

Dave Forbes is my lecturer for Computer Systems and Networks. He's probably reading this now (Hello). Don't be fooled by his boyish smile, his low slung pants and his "take a break" attitude - he's on the university's payroll just like the rest of them.

Actually, he's one of the better lecturers. He reminds me of the techies from my programming days. From my experience there are two types of techie :

  • The aloof, I-know-everything-how-dare-you-insult-me-with-your-questions type.
  • The more rotund, cheeky, give-us-it-here type. (Unfortunately although this type often fix your initial problem, they tend to introduce new ones!)


  • I won't tell you which type Mr. Forbes is more reminiscent of...

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    Introduction

    This purpose of this report is to document the installation of an OS (MS-DOS version 5.0) and a GUI (Windows 3.1) onto a typical PC. This task was undertaken by first year students on the EIMC course during February 1998 under the supervision of David Forbes.

    Throughout this report the following concepts will be used :
    
    SCREEN DISPLAY WILL BE IN GREEN
    USER INPUT WILL BE IN CYAN
    

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    What is an OS ?

    It's an Operating System!

    The purpose of the operating system is to manage the flow of information passing between the various parts of a computer. Commands entered via the keyboard direct the system to perform these tasks. These tasks include :

  • Disk maintenance
  • Hardware configuration
  • Memory optimisation
  • File and directory manipulation


  • Without the presence of an operating system, application software is unable to communicate with the computer hardware and manipulate data.

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    What is a GUI ?

    It stands for Graphical User Interface!

    Windows is a GUI, designed to assist the visual entering and interpretation of data. Much use is made of pictorial icons to launch software applications, and to format text and graphics. This reduces considerably the need for command line expertise, where text must be entered with the correct syntax or else the application refuses to run. Also available to the user is the mouse, which allows the use of a software pointer to indicate and highlight text and graphical information.

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    Why does everything have to be in initials ?

    I know, ridiculous isn't it ?

    Initials add to computer jargon to make it sound deliberately more complicated than it really is.

    Jargon is the key to everything with computers. As Al Pacino said in Scarface : First you get the Jargon, then you get the money, then you get the power and then you get the girls.

    Well, okay he was talking about narcotics, but in principle it's the same. If you know plenty of jargon and can throw it into conversation, you're halfway there. It doesn't matter if you don't know what it means - use it anyway...

    FIFO, WYSIWYG, RAM, GUI, TCPIP, FTP, IRQ, URL - Use them and the world is your oyster (and as a bonus they're like gold dust for Scrabble!)

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    The Scenario

    PC : Viglen P5/100
    Serial Number : 1070699-CE

    When I arrived at my PC the hard disk had already been reformatted. No operating system, no windows, no data - no problem! But wait, no Minesweeper or Solitaire - the hairs on the back of my neck began to stand up and beads of sweat began trickling down my brow.

    The screen display read :

    Non-system disk.
    Please insert DOS (system) disk
    And press any key when ready.
    

    I stroked my chin in a most intellectual manner and did my best to look thoughtful.

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    Installing the OS

    Having secured a set of MS-DOS v5.0 installation disks (3.5" floppies), I inserted the first into the A: drive and hit the reset button. Various boot-time messages were displayed including :

    BIOS Ver: 1.00.05.CBO
    Memory: 0016384 KB
    Hard Disk 0 Installed M1614TA
    

    The PC now executed the DOS operating system from the floppy and presented the MS-DOS welcome screen. After pressing 'enter' an installation menu appeared :
    
    Date/time	: 			This showed the correct date and time.
    Country	: US			I amended this to UK
    Keyboard	: US			I amended this to UK
    Install to	: Hard disk
    

    The next screen asked where to install DOS to, and if the shell option was to be installed. I selected the default for installation (c:\dos) and chose not use the shell option. The DOS installation then started. When prompted I switched disks. After installation I removed the final disk from the A: drive and reset the PC.

    Again the PC showed it's boot-time messages but this time began to install DOS from it's own hard disk.

    Eventually I was faced with the C:\ prompt. So, it seemed the DOS installation was successful.

    After clearing the screen (CLS), I ran some checks including :

    
    C:\VER		to check the version of dos installed
    
    MS-DOS Version 5.00
    
    
    C:\DIR		to check the contents of C:
    
    Volume in drive C is MS-DOS_5
    Volume Serial Number is 2450-511C 
    
    Directory of C:\ 
    
    DOS  	<DIR>           05/12/97  16.23
    COMMAND	COM 	47845	11/11/91   5.00
    WINA20		386  	9349	11/11/91   5.00
    CONFIG		SYS   	144	05/12/97  16.27
    AUTOEXEC	BAT   	164	05/12/97  16.27
       5 file(s) 57502 bytes
             540803072 bytes free
    
    NB. DOS is a directory.
    Hidden files are not shown i.e. IO.SYS, MSDOS.SYS etc.

    
    C:\TYPE CONFIG.SYS	to examine the contents of the CONFIG file.
    
    DEVICE=C:\DOS\SETVER.EXE
    DEVICE=C:\DOS\HIMEM.SYS
    DOS=HIGH
    COUNTRY=044,,C:\DOS\COUNTRY.SYS
    DEVICE=C:\DOS\DISPLAY.SYS CON=(EGA,,1)
    FILES=30
    
    
    C:\TYPE AUTOEXEC.BAT	to examine the contents of the AUTOEXEC file.
    
    @ECHO OFF
    PROMPT $p$g
    PATH C:\DOS
    SET TEMP=C:\DOS
    MODE CON CODEPAGE PREPARE=((437) C:\DOS\EGA.CPI)
    MODE CON CODEPAGE SELECT=437
    KEYB UK,,C:\DOS\KEYBOARD.SYS
    
    
    C:\MEM /C|MORE 		to show memory available info.
    
    Bytes available to programs 622256 
    Largest executable program size 622112 
    15728640 bytes total contiguous extended memory 
    0 bytes available contiguous extended memory 
    15663104 bytes available XMS memory 
    MS-DOS resident in High Memory Area 
    
    
    C:\TREE		to show the directory structure on C:
    
    Directory PATH listing for Voloume M.S-DOS_5 
    Volume Serial Number is 2385-82F3 
    
    C:. 
    |____ DOS
    
    I was now happy with my DOS Installation.

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    Making a boot disk

    Following D.forbes notes, I now needed to make a boot disk. I inserted a blank floppy in the A: drive and formatted it using

    
    C:\FORMAT A:	
    
    To copy the system files onto the floppy, thus creating a boot disk I used the command :
    
    C:\SYS A:	
    
    As a precaution I took the liberty of copying some other files onto the disk from the C: drive, namely :

  • CONFIG.SYS
  • AUTOEXEC.BAT
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    Installing the GUI

    Now was the time to install Windows. I swapped my DOS disks for Windows 3.1 disks, inserted volume 1and began installation by switching to the A drive and running SETUP.

    
    C:\A:	
    A:\SETUP	
    
    The Windows installation is pretty straight foward. You are given the option of an express or custom set up :

  • Express : This is the recommended set up procedure for most users. It installs Windows to a predefined configuration Microsoft has specified as the standard for the everyday user.


  • Custom : More experienced users generally tend to run a custom set up. Here they can customise the features of Windows to their own specification and taste.


  • NB. If you unsure which set up you want help is available by pressing F1.

    I swapped disks when prompted and the installation continued without any real problems. It did ask me to set up a printer but I declined this offer.

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    Post GUI installation modifications

    During installation Windows made changes to the CONFIG and AUTOEXEC files :

    In the file CONFIG.SYS :- 
    The second line had changed
    
    DEVICE=C:\DOS\HIMEM.SYS became DEVICE=C:\WINDOWS\HIMEM.SYS
    Also, two more lines were added
    
    DEVICE=C:\WINDOWS\SMARTDRV.EXE /DOUBLE_BUFFER
    STACKS=9,256
    
    In the autoexec.bat file:- 
    The fourth line has changed 
    
    PATH C:\DOS became PATH C:\WINDOWS;C:\DOS
     
    Also Dave Forbes had supplied us with a list of minor modifications to be made to the PC configuration including :

  • Setting screen resolution to SVGA.
  • Creation of new directories, TEMP and FILES using File Manager.
  • Amending the word processor to use FILES as it's default save directory.
  • Creation of a new icon for the SYSEDIT.EXE file.
  • Amending via SYSEDIT the AUTOEXEC.BAT file :
    	SET TEMP=C:\TEMP


  • The SYSEDIT option is a handy feature. When run it opens notebook and allows quick and easy editing of several system files, namely :

  • C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM.INI
  • C:\WINDOWS\WIN.INI
  • C:\CONFIG.SYS
  • C:\AUTOEXEC.BAT
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    What went wrong ?

    The installation of MS-DOS and Windows went without major incident.

    The only problem I encountered was when changing the resolution from VGA to SVGA. To do this the PC needed to install more configuration files and requested insertion of the first Windows floppy. When I inserted it, it repeated the request to insert the first disk.

    What it should have done was to request the third disk. On insertion of the third disk, the files were transferred and the resolution could be changed.

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    Conclusion

    Personally I am no stranger to operating system installation having been sentenced to eight years as a software programmer. During which time I've performed several Xenix and Unix installations / rebuilds. However from a PC point of view, prior to these lab sessions I've only ever installed Windows 95, (usually after a 3am do-I-or-don't-I reformatting session).

    Installing an older version of Windows, i.e. 3.1 instead of 95, I found particularly interesting.

    I am always keen to learn more about PCs and the DOS operating system. The knowledge and experience gained by this lab session, I think, will prove to be invaluable both to myself and to my peers.

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