Hubs are hardware or software devices that contains multiple independent but connected modules of network and inter-network equipment. Hubs can be active (where they repeat signals sent through them) or passive (where they do not repeat, but merely split, signals sent through them).
Active Hubs are basically repeaters. They receive a signal, but they do not know where the destination is located. Therefore, hubs simply broadcast the signal to all branches and the destination machine will see its address and thus, receive the information and respond accordingly.
Here are some links to some sites that give fairly good definitions of what hubs are:
And here are some links to that give a more technical view of hubs:
Finally, here are a few companies that deal in hubs:
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