BALTIC (3)
The "Baltic" was a 23,876 gross ton ship built in 1903 by Harland & Wolff, Belfast for the White Star Line. Her details were - length 709.2ft x beam 75.6ft, two funnels, four masts, twin screw and a speed of 17 knots. There was accommodation for 425-1st, 450-2nd and 2,000-3rd class passengers. Launched on 21/11/1903, she sailed from Liverpool on her maiden voyage to New York on 29/6/1904. In 1909 she rescued survivors of the collision between the "Republic" and the "Florida" off the US coast, in which the "Republic" sank. On 12/12/1918 she commenced her first voyage after the Armistice, from Liverpool to New York and in 1927 her accommodation was altered to carry 393-cabin class, 339-tourist class and 1,150-3rd class passengers. On 17/9/1932 she commenced her last voyage from Liverpool to New York and Liverpool and on 17/2/1933 sailed for Osaka, Japan where she was scrapped. Most Cunard and White Star vessels are fully described in the Cunard archive site. Your relative would have crossed to England on a North Sea trader (probably Wilson Line to Hull) and boarded a train to Liverpool to embark on the "Baltic".[Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 25 October 1997]

BALTIMORE
The "Baltimore" was built in 1868 by Caird & Co, Greenock for North German Lloyd of Bremen. She was a 2,321 gross ton ship, length 285ft x beam 39ft, clipper stem, one funnel, two masts (rigged for sail),iron construction, single screw and a speed of 10 knots. There was passenger accommodation for 84-1st and 600-3rd class. Launched on 3/8/1867, she left Bremen on her maiden voyage to Southampton and Baltimore on 1/3/1868. On the night of 22-23/5/1872 she was in collision off Hastings with the Spanish vessel "Lorenzo Semprun", was beached, and towed to Southampton for repairs. In 1881 her engines were compounded by AG Weser, Bremen, and on 10/10/1883 she commenced her last Bremen - Baltimore crossing. She was subsequently used for the Bremen - S.America service. Her final voyage started on 30/12/1893 and the following year she was scrapped. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.2, p.545-6] - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 14 February 1998]

BARADINE
The "Baradine" was a 13,072 gross ton, twin screw, 13 knot ship, with one funnel and two masts, built in 1921 by Harland & Wolff, Belfast for the Peninsular & Oriental Steam Navigation Co.(P&O Line). Her sister ship was the "Ballarat". She commenced her maiden voyage on 22nd Sept 1921 when she left London for Capetown, Melbourne and Sydney. She remained on this service until 1929 when she was converted to fuel oil which gave a service speed of 15 knots. From 12/4/1929 she sailed from either London or Liverpool to Malta, Columbo, Melbourne and Sydney. She commenced her last voyage to Sydney on 13/3/1936 and was then sold to the British government, but resold for breaking up at Dalmuir. [ North Star to Southern Cross by John M.Maber] Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 3 January 1998]

BARBAROSSA
The "Barbarossa" was a 10,769 gross ton vessel built by Blohm & Voss, Hamburg in 1896 for Norddeutscher Lloyd [North Germen Lloyd]. Her details were - length 525ft x beam 60ft, two funnels, two masts, twin screw and a speed of 15 knots. There was accommodation for 230-1st, 227-2nd and 1,935-3rd class passengers. Launched on 5/9/1896 she sailed from Bremen on her maiden voyage to the Suez Canal and Australia on 8/1/1897. She commenced her first transatlantic voyage from Bremen to Southampton and New York on 24/5/1897 and her first voyage from Genoa to Naples and New York on 16/3/1906. Her last run from Bremen to Australia started on 21/12/1910 (11 round voyages) and on 4/9/1912 she commenced her first voyage between Bremen, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore and Galveston. On 6/11/1913 sailed on her last trip between Genoa, Naples and New York (18 round voyages), 30/4/1914 started her last run Bremen - Philadselphia - Baltimore (3 round voyages) and 18/7/1914 last run Bremen - New York. In August she took refuge in New York, due to the outbreak of the Great War and in April 1917 was seized by the USA when America entered the war. She was renamed "Mercury" by the US Navy and in 1919, went to the US Shipping Board. In 1920 she went to the Baltic Steamship Corporation but did not actually run for them and in 1924 was scrapped in the USA. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor vol.2,p.559] [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Ted Finch - 3 October 1997 and to The ShipsList 18 October 1997]

The steamship BARBAROSA was built for Norddeutscher Lloyd by Blohm & Voss, Hamburg (ship #115), and launched on 5 September 1896. She was the "type ship" of Norddeutscher Lloyd's "Barbarossa" class, although not the first ship of the class delivered. 10,769 tons; 167,1 x 18,3 meters (length x breadth); 2 funnels, 2 masts; twin-screw propulsion (quadruple-expansion engines), service speed 14.5 (maximum 15.3) knots; passenger accommodation: 230 in 1st class, 227 in 2nd class, 1,935 in steerage; crew of 226. 8 January 1897, maiden voyage, Bremen-Suez Canal-Australia. 24 May 1897, first voyage, Bremen-Southampton-New York. 1902, rebuilt; bridge enclosed, 10,915 tons; passenger accommodation: 149 in 1st class, 190 in 2nd class, 1,935 in steerage. Winter 1905/6, engines upgraded to 15.5 knots. 16 March 1906, first voyage, Genoa-Naples-New York. 21 December 1910, last voyage, Bremen-Australia (11 roundtrip voyages). 24 September 1912, first voyage, Bremen-New York-Philadelphia-Baltimore-Galveston. 6 November 1913, last voyage, Genoa-Naples-New York (18 roundtrip voyages). 30 April 1914, last voyage, Bremen-Philadelphia-Baltimore (3 roundtrip voyages). 18 July 1914, last voyage, Bremen-New York. 11 August 1914, interned at New York. 6 April 1917, seized by the U.S. Government; renamed MERCURY (U.S. Navy transport). 1919, transferred to the U.S. Shipping Board. 3 February 1920, sold to the American International Bureau of Supplies. 10 July 1920, chartered to the Baltic Steamship Corp of America, for a proposed New York-Halifax-Copenhagen-Danzig service, but the firm went bankrupt before it could begin. November 1920, laid up. 20 February 1924, arrived at Baltimore; broken up in Baltimore by Boston Iron & Metals Co. [Edwin Drechsel, Norddeutscher Lloyd Bremen, 1857-1970; History, Fleet, Ship Mails, vol. 1 (Vancouver: Cordillera Pub. Co., c1994), pp. 168-169 (photograph); Arnold Kludas, Die grossen Passagierschiffe der Welt; Eine Dokumentation, Bd. 1: 1858-1912 (2nd ed.; Oldenburg/Hamburg: Gerhard Stalling, c1972), pp. 18-19 (photograph); Noel Reginald Pixell Bonsor, North Atlantic Seaway; An Illustrated History of the Passenger Services Linking the Old World with the New (2nd ed.; Jersey, Channel Islands: Brookside Publications), vol. 2 (1978), p. 559-560]. Also pictured in Clas Broder Hansen, Passenger liners from Germany, 1816-1990, translated from the German by Edward Force (West Chester, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Pub., c1991), p. 47. - [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Michael Palmer - 28 March 1998]

I found the following information in the 1905-06 Lloyd's Register of Shipping: BARBAROSSA: Call sign: QGJC Master: Captain F. Mentz, appointed to the ship in 1900. Rigging: steel twin screw steam Schooner; 4 decks; fitted with electric light and refrigerating machinery; water ballast. Tonnage: 10,915 tons gross, 8,718 under deck and 6,521 net. Dimensions: 526.4 feet long, 60 foot beam and 34.6 feet in depth. Poop deck 82 feet long, Bridge Deck 257 feet long and Forecastle 22 feet long. Built: in 1896 by Blohm & Voss in Hamburg. Propulsion: quadruple expansion engine with 8 cylinders of 25 1/4, 37, 54 3/8 and 77 5/8 inches diameter each pair. Stroke 54 inches. 886 nominal horsepower.Engine built by same company as the hull. Owners: Norddeutscher Lloyd (North German Lloyd). Port of registry: Bremen Flag: German. - [Posted to The ShipsList by Gilbert Provost - 2 October 1998]

BARCELO
See MONTEBELLO.

BARCELONA (1)
See BARCELONE.

BARCELONA (2)
Barcelona (2) built in 1898 and sailed fom Liverpool to St John's NF and Halifax between 1898-9 for Furness Line. [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 5 December 1997]

BARCELONA (3)
Barcelona (3) built in 1897 as the "Arabia", renamed "Barcelona" in 1899 and ran between Hamburg and New York or Baltimore for the Hamburg America Line. 1914 transferred to Mediterranean - New York service. Seized by Italy in 1915 and renamed "Ancona". [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 5 December 1997]

Built in 1896 by Harland & Wolff, Belfast as the "Arabia" for the Hamburg America Line, her details were - 5,446 gross tons, length 398.3ft x beam 49ft, one funnel, two masts, single screw and a speed of 13 knots. There was capacity for 20-1st and 1,100-3rd class passengers. Launched on 21/11/1896, she sailed on her maiden voyage from Hamburg for Boston, Philadelphia and Baltimore on 17/3/1897. On 8/5/1897 she commenced the first of three Hamburg - Montreal sailings and subsequently sailed between Hamburg and New York or Philadelphia. She started her last Hamburg - New York voyage on 12/5/1899 and was then sold to Sloman of Hamburg and renamed "Barcelona". She resumed Hamburg - New York sailings for her new owners on 5/7/1899, and in May 1903 was chartered back to Hamburg America Line. They eventually repurchased her from Sloman in 1907 and she continued North Atlantic voyages until 16/5/1914 when she started her last Hamburg - Baltimore sailing. In June 1914 she started her first New York to the Mediterranean crossing, on route to the Black Sea and was seized by Italy in 1915. Renamed "Ancona", and used by Italian owners until 1924 when she was scrapped. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P. Bonsor, vol.1, p.403] - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 14 May 1998]

BARCELONA (4)
Barcelona (4) built in 1908 and completed one round voyage for the Pinillos Line of Spain from Barcelona to Tarragona, Alicante, Malaga, Cadiz and New York in 1914. [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 5 December 1997]

BARCELONE
There was also a ship called "Barcelone", built in 1855 and launched as the "Barcelona", but immediately bought by French owners (Cie Franco-Americaine) and renamed "Barcelone". She made 4 round voyages between Havre and New York in 1856 and was then sold to P&O Line and renamed "Behar". [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 5 December 1997]

BARNES
See FAIRSKY.

BARRABOOL
Built by Harland & Wolff, Belfast for the Peninsular & Oriental Steam Nav.Co (P&O Line) in 1921, she was a 13,148 gross ton ship, length 537ft x beam 64.3ft (163,7m x 19,6m), one funnel, two masts, twin screw and a speed of 13 knots. There was capacity for 490-3rd class, 700-steerage class as necessary. Launched on 3rd Nov.1921, she commenced sailing between London, Cape Town, Melbourne and Sydney in 1922. In 1929 she was rebuilt to 13,062 tons, fitted with new turbines and boilers and converted from coal to oil fuel, increasing her speed to 15 knots. On 3rd Sep.1929 she started London - Malta - Colombo - Melbourne and Sydney sailings (occasionally from Liverpool). She started her last sailing on 9th Apr.1936 and was then sold to the British Government as a troop transport, but was resold the same year and scrapped at Bo'ness, Firth Of Forth. [Great Passenger Ships of the World by Arnold Kludas, vol.2] [North Star to Southern Cross by John M. Maber] [Merchant Fleets by Duncan Haws, vol.1, P&O, Orient & Blue Anchor Lines] - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 23 August 1998]

BATAVIA (1)
See FRANKLIN.

BATAVIA (2)
The "Batavia" of 1881 was built by William Denny and Bros of Dumbarton, Scotland in 1870 for the Cunard Line. Launched on 1.2.1870, she was a 2553 gross ton iron built ship, length 327.4ft x beam 39.3ft, clipper stem, one funnel, two masts, single screw and a speed of 12 knots. There was accommodation for 150-1st class and 800-3rd class passengers. She left Liverpool on her maiden voyage on 10.5.1870 to Queenstown [ Cobh ] and New York and stayed on this service until making her last voyage on 6.2.1884. She was acquired by John Elder & Co.[shipbuilders] in part exchange for the "Umbria" and "Etruria" in 1884 and in 1885 was fitted with triple expansion engines. From 1887 - 1891 she ran on the Pacific for for Canadian Pacific and in 1892 became the "Tacoma" for Northern Pacific. In 1898 she was transferred to North American Mail [US] and in 1901, back to Northern Pacific. In 1904 she went to North Western Commercial and in 1905 was seized by the Japanese during the Russo-Japanese War and renamed "Shikotan Maru". She stranded near Shaiweishan on 3.10.1924, was refloated and scrapped. [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Ted Finch - 14 August 1997]

BATAVIA (3)
The "Batavia" of 1906 was built by Blohm & Voss, Hamburg in 1899 for the Hamburg America Line. She was a 10,178 gross ton ship, length 501.3ft x beam 62.2 ft, one funnel, two masts, twin screw and a speed of 14 knots. There was accommodation for 300-2nd and 2,400-3rd class passengers. Launched on 11/3/1899, she sailed on her maiden voyage from Hamburg to Baltimore on 30/5/1899. In 1906 she was rebuilt to 11,464 tons and on 11/6/1909 she took aboard 300 survivors from the Cunard vessel "Slavonia" which was aground and wrecked off the Azores. On 20/12/1912 she commenced her last voyage from Hamburg to Boston and Baltimore and in 1913 she was transferred to Unione Austriaca and renamed "Polonia". On 23/3/1913 she started sailings from Trieste to Patras, Palermo, Naples, and New York and in June of that year, made her first crossing from Trieste to Quebec and Montreal. In August 1913 she made her second and last voyage on this service and then went back to Hamburg America Line, resumed her previous name of "Batavia" and in March 1914 returned to the Hamburg - Baltimore service. Her last voyage commenced 20/6/1914 when she left Hamburg for New York and back to Hamburg (arr 28/7/1914). During the great War she was used as a German naval transport and on 30/12/1919 surrendered to the Allies and was ceded to France. In 1920 she went to the French company Messageries Maritimes and was scrapped in 1924. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1, p.405-6] [Merchant Fleets by Duncan Haws, vol.4, Hamburg America Line] - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 13 February 1998]

BATHORI
I looked for ships with a different spelling. Here is one I found in the 1905-06 Lloyd Register of Shipping : Name : Bathori. Call letters : JCGB. Master : Capt. A. Blazevich appointed to the line in 1894 and to the ship 1903. Rigging : Steel single screw steam schooner. 2 steel decks with upper deck; sheated with wood. Web frames. 5 bulkheads cemented. Tonnage : 2,223 gross; 2,010 under deck; 1,383 net. Dimensions : 285.0 ft. long; 38.2 ft. beam; 23.1 ft. depth. Poop deck : 30 ft. long; Bridge deck : 60 ft. long; Forecastle : 33 ft. long. Flat keel. Water Ballast=Cellular double bottom aft 82 ft. long, under engines and boilers 32 ft. long and forward 122 ft. long. 411 tons Aft Peak Tank 49 tons. Built : In 1892 by Wigham Richardson & Co. in Newcastle upon Tyne. Engines : Triple conversion. 3 cylinders of 22 in., 36 in. and 59 in. diameter. Respectively. Stroke of 39 inches. 2 single ended boilers, 6 ribbed. Furnaces. Grate surface : 99 sq. ft. Heating surface : 3,808 sq. ft. 237 horse power. Owners : Royal Hungarian Sea Navigation Co. Adria Ld. Port of registry : Fiume. Flag : Austro-Hungarian - [Posted to The ShipsList by Gilbert Provost - 8 June 1998]

BATORY
The "Batory" of the Polish Gdynia America Line certainly had a colourful history. She was involved in several dubious incidents in the 1940-1950s. In 1949 she had a very doubtful "stowaway" in the person of a communist who had jumped bail from the American courts. He got off on a technical point and the master and 40 of her crew were subsequently decorated by the Russo-Polish government for helping this man. When the ship returned to New York, the US authorities refused shore leave to her crew. In March 1950 she carried a convicted Soviet spy from New York and in August of that year, a dozen undesirables were taken off the ship before she could sail from New York. Soon after that, American dockers refused to handle her cargo. In Nov.1950 she carried a large number of so called delegates to the Soviet "Peace Congress" and in Jan.1951 the Americans refused to carry out repairs on board. Later that year she was blackballed by the Port of New York and had to be transferred to the Gdynia - Bombay - Karachi service until 1956. She went on the Gdynia - Quebec - Montreal service then until 1968 when she was used as an accommodation ship at Gdansk until 1971 when she was scrapped at Hong Kong. [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 17 November 1997]

The "Batory" was built by Cantieri Riuniti dell' Adriatico, Monfalcone, Italy in 1935 for Gdynia-Amerika Line. 14,287 gross tons, overall length 525.7ft x beam 70.8ft, two funnels, two masts, twin screw and a speed of 17 knots. There was accommodation for 370-tourist and 400-3rd class passengers. Launched on 3rd Jul.1935, she sailed on her maiden voyage from Gdynia to Copenhagen and New York on 18th May 1936. Her last voyage took place in Aug.1939 and between 1939 and 1946 she was used as an Allied troopship. Refitted in 1946 at Antwerp to carry 450-1st and 450-tourist passengers, she sailed from Southampton to New York in April 1947. On 30th Apr.1947 she resumed Gdynia - Copenhagen - Southampton - New York sailings and started her last voyage on this service on 18th Mar.1951. She transferred to Gdynia - Southampton - Suez - Bombay - Karachi sailings on 18th Aug.1951 and started her last voyage on this route on 14th Nov.1956. Refitted at Bremerhaven in 1957 to accommodate 76-1st class and 740-tourist passengers, she started sailings from Gdynia to Copenhagen, Southampton, Quebec and Montreal on 26th Aug.1957. Her last crossing started on 6th Dec.1968 when she left Montreal for Southampton, Copenhagen and Gdynia after 109 round voyages to Canada and two to Boston. In 1969 she became an accommodation ship at Gdansk and in 1971 was scrapped at Hong Kong. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P. Bonsor, vol.4, p.1600] - [E-mail from Ted Finch - 28 September 1998]

BAUMWALL (1)
See CHRISTIANA.

BAUMWALL (2)
See LUSITANIA (1).

BAVARIA
The Hamburg-America Line (Hamburg-Amerikanische Packetfahrt A.G., or HAPAG) disappeared in 1970 when it finally merged with its great one-time competitor North German Lloyd to form the company HAPAG-Lloyd A.G. It had been founded in 1847. The "Bavaria" you mention was built in 1856 at Greenock, Scotland. Launched as "Petropolis" it sailed as "Bavaria" in 1858. The ship was destroyed by fire at sea 6 Feb 1877 on its first voyage New Orleans to Liverpool, having been sold to the Dominion Line. The Bavaria had a sister ship "Teutonia" which was scrapped in 1894. - [Posted to the JEWISHGEN Mailing List by Paul Silverstone - 2 June 1998]

The "Bavaria" was built by Caird & Co, Greenock in 1856 as the "Petropolis" for the Hamburg Brazilian Steam Navigation Co. She was a 2,405 gross ton ship, length 282.1ft x beam 39.4ft, clipper stem, one funnel, three masts (rigged for sail), iron construction, single screw and a speed of 10 knots. There was accommodation for 50-1st, 136-2nd and 310-3rd class passengers. Launched on 30/10/1856, she left Hamburg on her maiden voyage to Southampton, Lisbon, Pernambuco, Bahia and Rio de Janeiro on 20/2/1857. She commenced her last voyage on this service on 20/11/1857 and was then sold to Hamburg America Line. Renamed "Bavaria" on 21/10/1858, she started her first Hamburg - Southampton - New York voyage on 1/11/1858. In October 1867 she inaugurated the company's first Hamburg - New Orleans voyage and in 1871 was fitted with compound engines by C.A.Day & Co, Southampton. Her last Hamburg - New York voyage commenced on 25/10/1873 and she subsequently sailed between Hamburg and the West Indies. Purchased by the Dominion Line on 1/11/1876, she sailed from Liverpool for New Orleans on 7/12/1876 but was destroyed by fire at sea on the homeward passage on 6/2/1877 with no loss of life. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P. Bonsor, vol.1, p.388] [South Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P. Bonsor] - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 31 July 1998]

The steamship BAVARIA was built by Caird & Co, Greenock, Scotland, and launched on 30 October 1856, as the PETROPOLIS, for the Hamburg-Brasilische Dampfschiffahrt-Gesellschaft. 2,405 tons; 86 x 12 x 10 meters (length x breadth x depth of hold); clipper bow, 1 funnel, 3 masts; iron construction, screw propulsion, service speed 10 knots; accommodation for 54 passengers in 1st class, 136 in 2nd class, and 310 in steerage; crew of 80. 30 January 1857, trials. 20 February 1857, maiden voyage, Hamburg-Southampton-Lisbon-Pernambuco-Bahia-Rio de Janeiro. 20 November 1857, last voyage, Hamburg-Southampton-Lisbon-Pernambuco-Bahia-Rio de Janeiro (4 roundtrip voyages). 21 October 1858, purchased by the Hamburg-America Line; renamed BAVARIA. 1 November 1858, first voyage, Hamburg-Southampton-New York. October 1867, inaugurated Hamburg-America Line service to New Orleans. 1871, compound engines by C A Day, Southampton; service speed 12 knots. 25 October 1873, last voyage, Hamburg-New York; subsequently ran in the Hamburg-West Indies service. 1 November 1876, sold to the Dominion Line, Liverpool. 7 December 1876, first voyage, Liverpool- New Orleans. 2 February 1877, on return voyage, New Orleans-Liverpool, destroyed by fire at sea with no loss of life. Captains: 1857 - L. Gode; 1857-1858 - T. Paulsen; 1858-1859 - G. T. H. Taube; 1860 - F. G. Hensen; 1860-1863 - J. E. Meier; 1863-1866 - G. T. H. Taube; 1867 - J. E. Meier; 1867-1868 - J. Meyer; 1868-1869 - C. Hebich; 1869-1870 - N. C. Franzen; 1870 - C. Hebich; 1871 - W. Kuhlewein; 1871 - W. L. Stahl; 1871-1873 - F. G. Keyn; 1874 - C. F. A. Frobos; 1876 - E. V. C. Bardenhausen; 1876 - C. Bendix. Voyages: 1857 - Brazil (4x); 1858 - New York; 1859 - New York (4x); 1860 - New York (4x); 1860 - Grimsby (2x); 1861 - New York (5x); 1862 - New York (6x); 1862 - Grimsby; 1863 - New York (5x); 1863 - Grimsby; 1864 - New York (4x); 1865 - New York (5x); 1865 - Southampton; 1866 - New York (7x); 1866 - Grimsby; 1867 - New York (2x); 1867 - Leith; 1867 - New Orleans; 1868 - New York (2x); 1868 - New Orleans/Havana (2x); 1868 - Bremen; 1869 - New Orleans/Havana (2x); 1869 - New York (2x); 1869 - Bremerhaven; 1870 - Havana/New Orleans; 1870 - New York; 1870 - Southampton; 1871 - West Indies (3x); 1872 - West Indies (3x); 1873 - West Indies (2x); 1873 - New York; 1874 - West Indies (3x); 1875 - laid up in Hamburg; 1876 - West Indies (2x) [Walter Kresse, ed.,_Seeschiffs-Verzeichnis der Hamburger Reedereien, 1824-1888, Mitteilungen aus dem Museum fur Hamburgische Geschichte, N. F., Bd. 5. (Hamburg: Museum fur Hamburgische Geschichte, 1969), vol. 1, pp. 201 and 189-190; Arnold Kludas and Herbert Bischoff, Die Schiffe der Hamburg-Amerika-Linie, Bd. 1: 1847-1906 (Herford: Koehler, 1979), p. 26; Noel Reginald Pixell Bonsor, North Atlantic Seaway; An Illustrated History of the Passenger Services Linking the Old World with the New (2nd ed.; Jersey, Channel Islands: Brookside Publications), vol. 1 (1975), p. 388; Noel Reginald Pixell Bonsor, South Atlantic Seaway; An Illustrated History of the Passenger Lines and Liners from Europe to Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina (Jersey, Channel Islands: Brookside Publications, c1983), p. 54]. Painting, as the PETROPOLIS, reproduced (from the photo archives of the Stiftung Preussischer Kulturbesitz) in Clas Broder Hansen, Passenger liners from Germany, 1816-1990, translated from the German by Edward Force (West Chester, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Pub., c1991), p. 29; painting, as the BAVARIA, reproduced (from the archive of HAPAG-Lloyd in Hamburg and Bremen) in Otto J. Seiler, Sudamerikafahrt; Deutsche Linienfahrt nach den Landern Lateinamerikas, der Karibik und der Westkuste Nordamerikas im Wandel der Zeiten (2. Auflage; Herford: E. S. Mittler & Sohn, c1993), p. 62. - [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Michael Palmer - 3 August 1998]

BAVARIAN
The "Bavarian" was a 10,376 gross ton ship built by Wm Denny & Bros, Dumbarton, Scotland for the Allan Line of Liverpool. Her details were - length 501.1ft x beam 59.3ft, one funnel, two masts, twin screw and a speed of 16 knots. There was passenger accommodation for 240-1st, 220-2nd and 1,000-3rd class. Launched on 11/5/1899, she commenced her maiden voyage from Liverpool to Quebec and Montreal on 24/8/1899. After one further voyage on this route, she became a Boer War transport until 1902. She resumed the Liverpool - Quebec - Montreal service on 9/10/1902 and on 3/11/1905 stranded near Montreal and was broken up where she lay. There were no casualties. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1, p.320] - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 20 January 1998]

Refrigeration first appeared on the Bavarian in 1899. This ship was the first of the 20th century fleet of the Allan Line. She was followed in 1900 by the Tunisian which boasted good heating and ventilation. It also had hot and cold fresh, and salt, water on tap and four-birth emigrant cabins with spring mattresses. - [E-Mail from Marj Kohli - 10 Mar 1998]

BEAVERBRAE
The "Beaverbrae" was built as the "Huascaran" for the Hamburg America Line by Blohm & Voss, Hamburg in 1938. She was built as a 10,480 gross ton ship with a length of 487.5ft x beam 60.3ft, one funnel, one mast single screw and a speed of 17 knots. There was accommodation for 32 passengers. Launched on 15/12/1938, she sailed on her maiden voyage from Hamburg to the West coast of South America and on her return was taken over by the German Navy and converted to a submarine depot ship. She spent most of her time in Norway where she was captured undamaged by the Allies in 1945. Taken over by the War Assets Corporation, she arrived in Liverpool in April 1947 for a refit. In June she sailed for Montreal as part of Canada's war reparations and was allocated to North American Transports Inc. for use as a cargo liner. At that time she was Canada's largest merchant ship. Purchased by Canadian Pacific on 2nd September 1947, she was renamed "Beaverbrae" and rebuilt to 9,034 gross tons, one funnel, two masts and with cabin accommodation for 74 passengers and dormitory accommodation for a further 699. On 8th February she sailed on her first voyage from St John NB with cargo for London (subsequent cargo voyages to Antwerp) and then to Bremen for passengers; and made 51 sailings from Bremen to Canada with displaced persons. She was the only "Beaver" ship to carry cargo eastbound and passengers westbound (the others were cargo ships) and was also the only one under Canadian registration and with a Canadian crew. Canadian Pacific worked with the International Refugee Organisation and with the Canadian Christian Council for the Relief of Refugees and the refugees were forwarded from collection points on the German frontiers to the despatching centre in Bremen. Here they were examined by Canadian government officials for health and security. Documentation and embarkation arrangements were handled by the Canadian Pacific office in Bremen. The "Beaverbrae" made an average of one sailing each month and usually carried between 500 and 700 emigrants, of whom approximately one in five were children. They were destined for friends or relatives in Canada and few could speak English. Before the ship reached port, the purser would issue each emigrant with an identification tag, indicating their destination. When advice was received in Montreal that the ship had left Bremen, arrangements were made for two special trains with colonist and baggage cars to be assembled at the port of entry. The first train would usually be routed to Montreal and Toronto, and the second to Winnipeg and points west, almost every car destined to a different part of the country. A special three-car unit was attached to each train to feed the refugees. One car was fitted as a kitchen, the second as a dining car by day and a sleeper for the crew at night, the third being used as a recreation and dining car for the passengers. The "Beaverbrae" made her last emigrant voyage when she left Bremen on 28th July 1954, having carried over 38,000 refugees to Canada. Sold to Compagnia Genovese d'Armamento, Genoa on 1/11/1954, she was rebuilt at Monfalcone to 10,022 tons and with accommodation for 1,124 tourist class passengers. Renamed "Aurelia", she sailed from Trieste on 13/5/1955, via Suez to Australia and made later voyages from Genoa. Re-engined in 1958-59 and rebuilt to 10,480 tons, she started her first Bremen - Suez - Australia voyage on 12/6/1959. In June 1960 she made a Bremen - New York voyage for Council on Student Travel. She made a total of 34 round voyages between English Channel ports and New York between May 1962 and August 1969. In 1970 she was sold to Chandris Lines and was renamed "Romanza" in 1970, she was registered at Piraeus, refitted and used for cruising. Registered at Panama in 1977 and transferred to Armadora Romanza SA, Panama in 1979. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P. Bonsor, vol.4, p.1760] [Canadian Pacific 100 years by George Musk] [Great Passenger Ships of the World by Arnold Kludas, vol.6, p.171] - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 25 July 1998]

BEHAR
See BARCELONE.

BELGENLAND
The "Belgenland". Built by Barrow Shipbuilding Company at Barrow-in-Furness in 1878, she was an iron built vessel of 3692 gross tons and was launched on 24.12.1878. Her dimensions were length 402.9ft x beam 40.2ft, straight stem, one funnel, four masts, single screw and a speed of 14 knots. Accommodation was provided for 150-1st and 1,000-3rd class passengers. She also commenced her career under the Belgian flag and sailed on her first voyage from Antwerp to Philadelphia on 30/3/1879. After this first trip, she was transferred to the Antwerp - New York service until 1895 when she went to the American Line and commenced sailing on 31/7/1895 on the Philadelphia - Liverpool service and her accommodation altered to 150-2nd class and 1,000-3rd class passengers. She stayed on this run until changing back to Red Star Line's Antwerp - Philadelphia run in November 1903, being used for 3rd class passengers only. She made her last voyege on this service on 7/12/1904 and was sold in 1905 to an Italian company and renamed "Venere". She was finally scrapped in 1906. [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Ted Finch - 16 August 1997]

BELGENLAND (2)
There was a second "Belgenland". Built by Harland & Wolff, Belfast in 1914, she was a 27,132 gross ton ship, length 670.4ft x beam 78.4ft, three funnels, two masts, triple screw and a speed of 17 knots. There was accommodation for 500-1st, 500-2nd and 1,500-3rd class passengers. Launched on 31st Dec.1914 as the "Belgenland", it was 1917 before she was completed as the White Star troopship and cargo liner "Belgic" with two funnels, three masts and 24,547 tons. In Nov.1918 she made her first voyage after the Armistice from Liverpool to New York and commenced her last voyage on this service on 8th Mar.1921. She then returned to Belfast for completion and rebuild as a passenger liner with three funnels and two masts, and was renamed "Belgenland".On 4th Apr.1923, she started her first voyage for the Red Star Line between Antwerp, Southampton and New York. In April 1927 her accommodation was altered to 1st, 2nd, tourist and 3rd class, and in May 1929 to 1st, tourist and 3rd class. Her last Antwerp - New York voyage started on 17th Jun.1932 and she then made many New York - West Indies cruises. On 18th Mar.1933, she commenced her last crossing from New York to Southampton, Havre and Antwerp and was laid up. She made three UK - Mediterranean cruises in July - Sept.1933 and was again laid up in London until 10th Jan.1935 when she sailed to New York in ballast. On 26th Jan.1935 she was renamed "Columbia" and was used by the American owned Panama Pacific Line for cruises to the West Indies. She sailed from New York for Bo'ness on 22nd Apr.1936 and was scrapped. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.2,p.859] According to my sources, the "Belgenland" was at Belfast being rebuilt in Aug/Sept.1922 and she had black funnels with a white band. - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 30 August 1998]

BELGIAN
See HAMMONIA (1)

BELGIC
See BELGENLAND (2),

BELGRAVIA (1)
The "Belgravia" was a 4,977 gross ton ship, built in 1881 by D & W.Henderson Ltd, Glasgow for Henderson Brothers who later became the Anchor Line. Her dimensions were - length 400ft x beam 44.8ft, one funnel, two masts (rigged for sail), iron construction, single screw and a speed of 13 knots. She was registered in Glasgow and sailed under the British flag. There was accommodation for 64-1st and 1,550-3rd class passengers. Launched on 20/12/1881 for the Indian trade, she started her maiden voyage on 20/3/1882 when she left Glasgow for New York. After this one voyage she inaugurated a service from Glasgow to Liverpool and Calcutta on 23/5/1882 and made 2 round voyages on this service. In 1883 she made 2 voyages from Glasgow direct to New York and on 30/5/1883 commenced the first of 4 voyages between Glasgow, Queenstown (Cobh) and New York. Between 1884 and 1889 she made 10 round voyages between Glasgow, Liverpool and Bombay. between these trips, she made 2 sailings in Oct 1887 and Sept 1888 from Glasgow to Liverpool, Bombay, Calcutta, Mediterranean, New York and Glasgow. In 1889 and 1891 she made two voyages from Glasgow to Liverpool, Calcutta, Mediterranean, New York and Glasgow and from 1890 to 1896 made 14 sailings from Glasgow to Mediterranean ports New York and Glasgow. She commenced her last voyage on 21/3/1896 when she left Genoa for Messina, Naples and New York (arr 29/4/1896) and on 22 May was wrecked on Black Point, St John NB while on route to Liverpool. There were no casualties. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1, p.461] [Merchant Fleets, vol.9, by Duncan Haws] - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 19 January 1998]

BELGRAVIA (2)
The steamship BELGRAVIA--the first of two steamships of this name owned by the Hamburg-America Line--was built by Blohm & Voss, Hamburg (ship #133), and launched on 10 May 1899. 10,155 tons; 152,72 x 18,96 meters/501.1 x 62.2 feet (length x breadth); 1 funnel, 2 masts; twin-screw propulsion, quadruple-expansion engines, service speed 12 knots; accommodation for 300 passengers in 2nd class, 2,400 in steerage; crew of 150. Intended for the Hamburg-America Line's Hamburg-Baltimore service, which was not a success. 16 August 1899, maiden voyage, Hamburg-Baltimore; subsequently Hamburg-New York or Baltimore, or Genoa-Naples-New York. 1900, 10,982 tons. 9 February 1905, last voyage, Hamburg-Baltimore. 1905, refitted by Blohm & Voss; 11,397 tons. 31 May 1905, to the Russian Navy; renamed RIGA. 1906, taken over by the Black & Asow Sea Steamship Co, Odessa. 1919, taken over by the state maritime agency Sovtorgflot and renamed TRANSBALT. 1920-1923, hospital ship. 13 June 1945, accidentally torpedoed and sunk by U.S. submarine SPADEFISH, which mistook her for a Japanese ship, in the La Perouse Strait [Arnold Kludas and Herbert Bischoff, Die Schiffe der Hamburg-Amerika Linie, Bd. 1: 1847-1906 (Herford: Koehler, 1979), p. 81 (photograph); Arnold Kludas, Die grossen Passagierschiffe der Welt; Eine Dokumentation, Bd. 1: 1858-1912 (2nd ed.; Oldenburg/Hamburg: Gerhard Stalling, 1972), pp. 52-53 (photograph); Noel Reginald Pixell Bonsor,North Atlantic Seaway; An Illustrated History of the Passenger Services Linking the Old World with the New (2nd ed.; Jersey, Channel Islands: Brookside Publications), vol. 1 (1975), p. 406]. - [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Michael Palmer - 12 October 1998]

BELLE MEMPHIS
See MEMPHIS.

BELLONA
The "Bellona" of 1869 was an iron built ship, launched in 1863 by Smith & Rodger of Glasgow for the London and New York Steamship Line. She was a 1914 gross ton vessel, length 300.3ft x beam 34.2ft, clipper stem, one funnel, three masts, single screw and a speed of 10 knots. Accommodation for 20-1st class, 50-2nd and 500-3rd class passengers. She left London on her maiden voyage to Havre and New York on 26/9/1863 and stayed on this service until her last trip for this company on 29/4/1870. She was then sold and renamed "Benbrack", fitted with compound engines and wrecked on 23/1/1889 off Texel, Holland. [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Ted Finch - 15 August 1997]

BELTON
See MONTEAGLE.

BELVEDERE
The "Belvedere" was built by Cantiere Navale Triestino, Monfalcone in 1913 for the Austrian company, Unione Austriaca. She was a 7,644 gross ton ship, length 418ft x beam 54ft, one funnel, two masts, single screw and a service speed of 12 knots. There was accommodation for 12-1st, 140-2nd and 1,274-3rd class passengers. Launched on 8/4/1913 for the South American service, but she sailed on 30/8/1913 on her maiden voyage from Trieste for Patras, Messina, Palermo, Algiers and New York. She commenced her last voyage on this service on 20/6/1914 and in 1918 served as a barracks for arsenal workers at Pola. After the war, following a change from Austrian to Italian rule, the company was re-established at Trieste as Cosulich Societa Triestina di Navigazione. She commenced her first postwar voyage on 10/4/1919 from Genoa to Messina and New York with troops. On 13/8/1919 she resumed passenger services from Trieste to Patras, Palermo, Naples and New York. She started her last crossing on 18/9/1922 when she sailed from Trieste for Naples, Algiers and New York and from 1922 - 1936 was used on the South American passenger service. From 1936 she was used for cargo only and in 1941 was seized by the US at Philadelphia and renamed "Audacious". In June 1944 she was scuttled off the Normandy coast as part of "Operation Gooseberry" (Concrete harbour units) [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.3,p.1333] - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 10 February 1998]

BENBRACK
see BELLONA.

BENGAL
Built in 1853 by Tod & McGregor, Partick, Glasgow for P&O Lines, she was a 2,185 gross ton ship, length 295.7ft x beam 38.1ft x depth 25.3ft (90,14m x 11,63m x 7,72m), one funnel, three masts (rigged for sail), iron construction, single screw and a speed of 9 knots. There was accommodation for 135-1st class passengers. Launched on 30th October 1852, she was the largest steamer in the world at the time. In 1853, after a few Mediterranean voyages, she was transferred to the Calcutta - Suez route, and during the Crimean war, captured a Russian Barque and towed it to Madras. In June 1859 she was driven ashore in a gale at Galle Point, Ceylon (Sri Lanka) and later salvaged. In December 1863, her propellor shaft snapped in the Indian Ocean and she was towed to Aden by P&O's "Sultan", and in 1864 was blown ashore by a cyclone near Calcutta. Left high and dry in the garden of Bishops College, she was only refloated after a channel was cut around her. In 1868 she was used as a troop ship during the Abyssinian Campaign and in July 1870 was sold to the New York, London & China Steamship Co of London. In 1884 she was resold to Gellatly, Hankey, Sewell & Co, London and on March 2nd 1885 was wrecked on Milton Reef, Java. [Merchant Fleets by Duncan Haws, vol.1, P&O, Orient and Blue Anchor Lines] - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 20 July 1998]

BENGORE HEAD
See BOHEMIA.

BENGORE HEAD II
See MORAVIA.

BENICARLO
See CITY OF BALTIMORE.

BENICIA
The 1887-88 Lloyd's Register of Shipping gives the following details: BENICIA Call sign : JCHP Official # : 87916 Master : Captain Taylor Rigging : Iron Ship; 2 decks; 1 bulkhead cemented Tonnage : 1,868 tons gross, 1,738 under deck and 1,810 net. Dimensions : 261 feet long, 39.3 foot beam and 24.1 foot draught. Poop deck 48 feet long; Forecastle 30 feet long. Built in 1883 by the Whitehaven Ship Building Co. in Whitehaven. Owners : Lowden, Edgar & Co. Port of registry : Liverpool - [Posted to The ShipsList by Gilbert Provost - 23 September 1998]

BENIOWSKI
See KAISER.

BENJAMIN ADAMS
"Benjamin Adams," 1170 tons, 187' x 37' x 18', built 1852 by William Drummond at Bath, Maine; John Drummond, Captain. This large 3-master, hailing from New York, was built with 3 decks, a square stern, and a billethead. Among her owners were the Drummonds (including the master), Gilbert C. Trufant, William Tapscott, and George B. Cornish--all prominent in the Yankee sea trade. After 14 years of service, the Benjamin Adams was lost at sea in 1866. --from Ships, Saints, and Mariners by Conway B. Sonne: - [Posted to The ShipsList by Diane Epperson - 30 March 1998]

BEN NEVIS
The "Ben Nevis" was the first ship owned by Pilkington & Wilson's White Star Line of Liverpool. She was however, too short and deep for her tonnage, her measurements being:- Length overall 181ft; Beam 38ft 6ins; Depth of hold 28ft; Registered tonnage 1420. Commanded by Captain Heron, she sailed for Melbourne on 27th Sept.1852, with 600 passengers, a cabin passage in her costing L25, and she took 96 days going out. She was built in 1852 by W & R Wright & Smith of Nova Scotia, and ended up in the 1870's on the St Lawrence - Liverpool timber trade. You can find out more from the Australian National Maritime Museum at Sydney. [ The Colonial Clippers by Basil Lubbock} [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Ted Finch - 18 December 1997]

BEREZAN
See THURINGIA.

BERGENSFJORD
See JERUSALEM.

BERLIN (1)
(1893) See CITY OF BERLIN.

BERLIN (2)
The "Berlin" of 1911 was built by A.G.Weser of Bremen in 1908 for Norddeutscher Lloyd, and was the third vessel of that name they owned. She was a 17,324 gross ton vessel, length 590.2ft x beam 69.7ft, two funnels, two masts, twin screw and a speed of 17 knots. There was accommodation for 266-1st class, 246-2nd class and 2,700-3rd class passengers. Launched on 7/11/1908, she sailed from Bremen on 1/5/1909 on her maiden voyage to Southampton, Cherbourg and New York. On 15/5/1909 she made her first voyage from New York to Naples and Genoa and on 14/5/1914 made her last run Genoa - Naples - New York. On 4/6/1914 made first voyage NY - Bremen and 18/7/1914 last voyage on this service. In August 1914 she was converted to a minelayer and it was on 26/10/1914 that one of her mines sank the British battleship "Audacious". On 17/11/1914 she was interned at Trondhiem, Norway and in 1919, surrendered to Britain and was used as a troopship to India under P&O management. In 1920 she was sold to White Star Line, refitted and renamed "Arabic". On 7/9/1921 she left Southampton for one round voyage to Cherbourg and New York and on 20/9/1921 was transferred to NY - Naples - Genoa service, making her last run from Genoa - Naples - Boston - NY in October 1923. She was then refitted to carry 500-cabin class and 1,200-3rd class passengers and on 16/8/1924 commenced the Hamburg - Southampton - Cherbourg - Halifax - New York service until making her last voyage on 11/10/1926. She then went to the Red Star Line and was put onto their NY - Plymouth - Cherbourg - Antwerp run from 30/10/1926 - 27/12/1929. On 11/1/1930 she went back to White Star Line and their NY - Cobh - Liverpool run and was refitted to carry 177-cabin, 319-tourist and 823-3rd class passengers. She made five round voyages on this service, commencing thje last one on 16/7/1930 and was then laid up. She was scrapped in 1931 at Genoa. You will find details of this vessel under White Star in the Cunard Archives. Look under "Arabic". [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Ted Finch - 10 September 1997]

The BERLIN (II) was intended for Norddeutscher Lloyd's Mediterranean-New York service. 1 May 1909, maiden voyage, Bremen-Southampton-Cherbourg-New York (dep. 15 May)-Naples-Genoa. 1909-1914, primarily Mediterranean-New York service, with, however, several voyages between Bremen and New York. 14 May 1914, last voyage, Genoa-Naples-New York. 18 July 1914, last voyage, New York-Bremen. August 1914, refitted as a mine-layer. 18 September 1914, German auxiliary cruiser. Laid mines north of Ireland disguised as the Allan Line's CALGARIAN. 26 October 1914, one of her mines sank the British battleship AUDACIOUS. 17 November 1914, entered Trondhjem, Norway, to recoal, but was interned. 17 December 1919, sailed for Leith, and surrendered to Great Britain. Troop transport to India under P & O management. November 1920, sold to the White Star Line, refitted at Portsmouth; 16,786 tons; renamed ARABIC. 7 September 1921, 1 roundtrip voyage, Southampton-Cherbourg-New York. 20 September 1921, first voyage, New York-Naples-Genoa. October 1923, last voyage, Genoa-Naples-Boston-New York. August 1924, passenger accommodation altered to 500 in cabin and 1,200 in third class. 16 August 1924-11 October 1926, Hamburg-Southampton-Cherbourg-Halifax-New York. 30 October 1926, first voyage, New York-Plymouth-Cherbourg-Antwerp, chartered to the Red Star Line. April 1927, funnels repainted in Red Star colors. 27 December 1929, last voyage, Antwerp-Southampton-Cherbourg-New York. 11 January 1930, returned to White Star service, New York-Cobh-Liverpool (177 in cabin, 319 in tourist, 823 in 3rd class). 15 March-16 July 1930, 5 roundtrip voyages, Liverpool-Cobh-New York. In summer, ran Liverpool-Montreal. 17 October 1930, laid up at Milford Haven. December 1931, sold to Cooperativa Demolitori Navi, Genoa, for scrapping; arrived 1 January 1932, under the Italian flag [Edwin Drechsel, Norddeutscher Lloyd Bremen, 1857-1970; History, Fleet, Ship Mails, vol. 1 (Vancouver: Cordillera Pub. Co., c1994), p. 377, no. 248 (photograph); Arnold Kludas, Die grossen Passagierschiffe der Welt; Eine Dokumentation (Oldenburg/ Hamburg: Gerhard Stalling), Bd. 1: 1858-1912 (2nd ed.; 1972), pp. 142-143 (photographs); Noel Reginald Pixell Bonsor, North Atlantic Seaway; An Illustrated History of the Passenger Services Linking the Old World with the New (2nd ed.; Jersey, Channel Islands: Brookside Publications), vol. 2 (1978), p. 570]. Also pictured in Clas Broder Hansen, Passenger liners from Germany, 1816-1990, translated from the German by Edward Force (West Chester, Pennsylvania: Schiffer Pub., c1991), p. 94. - [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Michael Palmer - 5 October 1998]

BERLIN (3)
The "Berlin" was built by Bremer Vulkan, Vegesack in 1925 for North German Lloyd. This was a 15,286 gross ton ship, length 549.3ft x beam 69.2ft, two funnels, two masts, twin screw and a speed of 16 knots. There was accommodation for 220-1st, 284-2nd and 618-3rd class passengers. Launched on 24/3/1925, she sailed from Bremen on her maiden voyage to Southampton and New York on 26/9/1925. In October 1929 she was refitted to carry 257-cabin, 261-tourist third cabin and 361-3rd class passengers. In October 1938 she made her last Bremen - New York voyage and was then laid up at Bremen. In 1939 she made two Nazi "Strength through joy" cruises and on 17/7/1939 sustained a boiler explosion at Swinemunde with the loss of 17 lives. Repaired at Hamburg, she became a hospital ship and in 1944 became an accommodation ship. On 1/2/1945 she was sunk by a mine at Swinemunde and in 1948-49 was refloated by the Russians, renamed "Admiral Nakhimov", and rebuilt at Warnemunde to 17,053 tons. I have no further information on this ship.[North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.2,p.572] [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 12 December 1997]

BERLIN (4)
(of 1955) See GRIPSHOLM.

BERRIEN
See PRESIDENT PIERCE (1)

BETHENE
See LORD BROUGHAM.

BEVERLY
The 1905-06 Lloyd's Register of Shipping describes the BEVERLY as follows: Call sign: PRBT. Official #: 106075. Master: Captain W. M. Rose, appointed to the ship in 1904. Rigging: steel single screw steamer; 3 decks; water ballast. Tonnage: 1,517 tons gross, 1,218 under deck and 873 net. Dimensions: 255 feet long, 34 foot beam and 22 feet of depth. Promenade deck 133 feet long. Built: in 1897 by Workman, Clark & Co. Ltd. in Belfast. Propulsion: triple expansion engine with 3 cylinders of 24, 40 � and 67 inches diameter respectively. Stroke 42 inches. 291 nominal horsepower. Engine built by the same company as the hull. Owners: R. & C. Allan. Port of registry: Glasgow. Flag: British - [Posted to the ShipsList by Gilbert Provost - 1 October 1998]

BIRMA
See ARUNDEL CASTLE (1).

BITHYNIE
See CACHEMIRE.

BLACK ARROW
See RHAETIA.

BLACKBIRD
In 1658/59 at Newport on Rhode Island Mr Robt. Potter acted for Mr. William Breuton, merchant and Mathew Burne of Boston to sell a ship or Barq for 300 pounds lawful money of England to George Potter, Wm. Hatcher and Henry Randolph in the vessel Blackbird. This was evidently a fairly good size ship considering the amount paid for it. Now we also know that young Thomas (Burton Jr.) carried on a merchant trade with Boston as evidenced by a suit brought against him and he may have died at sea in this very Barq as his wife states.. "I never heard any certain information of ye manner of ye death of my dear husband Mr. Thomas Burton." Even though there were many years between the purchase of the ship by William Hatcher, Henry Randolph and George Potter this could certainly have been the one used by young Thomas (Burton Jr.) around 1686/1691 at the time of the letter to his mother regarding his estate. In the book Ship Names-Origins and Usages during 45 Centuries by Don H. Kennedy the Blackbird is listed as being red with a reference Yachting 20, No. 5 (1916); 197. [Posted to The ShipsList by John Nichols - 5 October 1997]

BLACK HAWK
See RHAETIA.

BLOKSHIF No 5
See HOLSATIA.

BLONDE
See SOUTHERN QUEEN.

BLUCHER
The "Blucher" was built by Blohm & Voss, Hamburg in 1901 for the Hamburg America Line. She was a 12,334 gross ton ship, length 525.6ft x beam 62.3ft, two funnels, two masts, twin screw and a speed of 16 knots. There was accommodation for 390-1st, 230-2nd and 1,550-3rd class passengers. Launched on 23/11/1901, she sailed from Hamburg on her maiden voyage to Boulogne, Southampton and New York on 7/6/1902. Her last voyage on this service commenced on 30/12/1911 and she was subsequently used on the Hamburg to South America route. In August 1914 she was interned at Pernambuco, Brazil and on 1/6/1917 was seized by the Brazilian authorities, who renamed her "Leopoldina". On 11/3/1920 she was chartered to the French company, Compagnie Generale Transatlantique and started her first sailing between New York and Havre. Her passenger accommodation was refitted in December 1920 to carry 500-cabin class and 250-3rd class and she was renamed "Suffren". On 9/5/1923 she commenced Havre - New York sailings and continued on this service until her last round voyage commenced when she left Havre on 22/9/1928. She was then laid up and in 1929 was scrapped at Genoa. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1, p.408] - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 22 February 1998]

BLUE HEN STATE
See KENMORE.

BLUE JACKET
See WHITE STAR.

BLUE PETER
See HIGHLAND LAIRD.

BOCHUM
The "Bochum" was a cargo ship, built by AG Vulkan, Hamburg in 1922 for the German Australian Line. She was 6,121 gross tons, length 450ft x beam 57ft, one funnel, two masts, single screw and a speed of 13 knots. Taken over in 1926 by the Hamburg America Line. Became a transport in 1941 and used between German and Norwegian ports. Ceded to Britain in 1945, allocated to the USSR and renamed "General Chernakhovsky". No further information. [Merchant Fleets by Duncan Haws, vol.4, Hamburg America Line] - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 4 February 1998]

BOHEMIA
The "Bohemia" was built by A&J.Inglis & Co, Glasgow as the "Bengore Head" for the Ulster Steamship Co. She was a 3,410 gross ton ship, length 350.5ft x beam 40.2ft, one funnel, two masts, iron construction, single screw and a speed of 12 knots. Accommodation for 100-1st and 1,200-2nd class passengers. Launched on 25/8/1881, she was sold to Hamburg America Line on 30/9/1881 and left Hamburg on her maiden voyage to New York on 30/10/1881. On 16/3/1892 she commenced a single round voyage from Hamburg to New York and Baltimore, and on 17/5/1893 commenced her first voyage between Stettin, Helsingborg, Gothenburg, Christiansand and New York. She started her last voyage between Hamburg and New York on 2/4/1897 and on 11/6/1897 commenced sailings between Hamburg, Philadelphia and Baltimore. In 1898 she was sold to the Sloman Line of Hamburg, renamed "Pompeji" and made three Hamburg - New York voyages before being sold to an Italian company in 1900 and being renamed "Pompei". She was scrapped in 1905 at Spezia, Italy. [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 18 October 1997]

BOHEMIAN
The "Bohemian" of 1872 was a cargo vessel built by Harland & Wolff, Belfast in 1870 for the Bibby Line. This was a 3,113 gross ton ship, length 400ft x beam 37.2ft, straight stem, one funnel, four masts (rigged for sail), iron construction, single screw and a speed of 11 knots. Launched on 16/4/1870, she was used as a Mediterranean trader until sold to the Leyland Line in 1873 with the rest of Bibby Line's fleet. Fitted with new compound engines in 1877, she commenced her first Liverpool - Boston voyage on 24/11/1877 and on 7/2/1881 was wrecked near Crookhaven, Ireland with the loss of 33 lives. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.3, p.985] [Sea Breezes Magazine Jan.1949] - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 6 January 1998]

The cargo steamship BOHEMIAN was built by Harland & Wolff, Belfast (engines J. Jack & Co, Liverpool), and launched on 16 April 1870, for the Bibby Line. 3,113 tons; 121,91 x 11,34 meters/400 x 37.2 feet (length x breadth); straight bow, 1 funnel, 4 masts; iron construction, screw propulsion, service speed 11 knots. 1 January 1873, transferred to Frederick Leyland & Co. 1877, new compound engines by J. Jack & Co, Liverpool. 24 November 1887, first voyage, Liverpool-Boston. 7 February 1881, wrecked near Crookhaven, Ireland, with the loss of 33 lives [Noel Reginald Pixell Bonsor, North Atlantic Seaway; An Illustrated History of the Passenger Services Linking the Old World with the New (2nd ed.; Jersey, Channel Islands: Brookside Publications), vol. 3 (1979), p. 985]. For further information on the BOHEMIAN, possibly including a picture, see Bibby Line, Bibby Line, 1807 to 1957 (London: Harley, 1957). - [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Michael Palmer - 20 January 1998]

BOLIVIA
The "Bolivia" of 1888 was built by Robert Duncan & Co, Port Glasgow for the Anchor Line. She was a 4,050 gross ton ship, length 400ft x beam 40ft, one funnel, three masts rigged for sail, iron construction, single screw and a speed of 13 knots. There was accommodation for 200-1st, 100-2nd and 800-3rd class passengers. Launched on 25/10/1873, she left Glasgow on her maiden voyage to Moville (Ireland) and New York on 4/4/1874. On 6/11/1974 she was sold to the Barrow Steamship Co.(a joint company with Anchor Line) and on 23/4/1881 commenced her first London - New York voyage. After seven round voyages on this run, she resumed the Glasgow - Moville - New York service on 12/5/1882. She stayed on this run until she was transferred to the Glasgow - Naples - New York - Glagow service in Nov.1887. In 1891 she was fitted with triple expansion engines and her accommodation modified to cater for 1,350-3rd class passengers only. In 1892 she resumed the Glasgow - New York service for two round voyages and in 1893 carried out a further three and was then repurchased by the Anchor Line. Between 1887 and 1903 she made 45 Mediterranean - New York voyages, interspersed by the occasional Glasgow - New York run. Her last voyage commenced on 9/5/1903 when she left Palermo for Naples and New York and she was scrapped in 1905 at Genoa.[North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1,p.459.] [Merchant Fleets by D.Haws, vol.9,Anchor Line] [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 2 November 1997]

BONN
The "Bonn" was a steamship belonging to Norddeutscher Lloyd [North German Lloyd] of Bremen. She was a 3,969 gross ton ship, built by Germaniawerft, Kiel in 1895, and her details were - length 355.1ft x beam 43.6ft, one funnel, two masts, single screw and a speed of 13 knots. There was accommodation for 20-2nd and 1,043-3rd class passengers. Launched on 25/1/1895, she sailed on her maiden voyage from Bremen to Montevideo and Buenos Aires on 7/9/1895. On 21/12/1895 she commenced her first Bremen - New York voyage and on 18/2/1897 sailed on her first Bremen - Baltimore voyage. Her last sailing on the Bremen - Baltimore route commenced on 9/2/1901 (13 North Atlantic round voyages). She was subsequently used for the S.America service until 1913 when she was sold to other German owners and renamed ""Gregor". In Feb.1920 she stranded in the Black Sea. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.2,p.558] Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 4 January 1998]

BORDEAUX
The "Bordeaux" was owned by the short lived French company - Compagnie Commerciale de Transports a Vapeur Francais. She was a 3,400 gross ton ship, length 379ft x beam 40ft, one funnel, four masts, iron construction, single screw and a speed of 12 knots. Built in 1882 by Chantiers de la Mediteranee, Havre, she sailed from either Havre or Bordeaux to New Orleans or the West Indies and Central America. The company lost five of their seven ships, including the "Bordeaux", and went into liquidation in 1894, selling their remaining two vessels. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P. Bonsor, vol.3, p.1138-9] - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 17 June 1998]

BOREAS
The BOREAS was a bark, built Andersen, in Apenrade, Schleswig (now Abenraa, Denmark), for the Hamburg firm of Hasted & Co, in 1854; Bielbrief 11 May 1854. 156 Commerzlasten; 125.3 x 25.1 x 17.4 Hamburg feet (length x beam x depth of hold) "zwischen den Steven" (1 Hamburg Fuss = .286 meters). Captains: 1854-1860 - P. Jebsen; 1860-1863 - O. Nagel; 1864-1865 - J. Stufen. Voyages: 1854-1856 - Melbourne/intermediate ports/Antofagasta; 1856-1860 - Melbourne/Batavia/intermediate ports/Bremerhaven; 1860-1861 - Melbourne/London; 1861-1865 - San Francisco/intermediate ports. On 11 December 1865, she was purchased by Aarstad, of Stavanger, Norway [Walter Kresse, ed., Seeschiffs-Verzeichnis der Hamburger Reedereien, 1824-1888, Mitteilungen aus dem Museum fur Hamburgische Geschichte, N. F., Bd. 5. (Hamburg: Museum fur Hamburgische Geschichte, 1969), vol. 1, p. 216]. The later history of the BOREAS is untraced, although it should be possible to do so through the published registers of Det Norske Veritas,, the Norwegian ship classification society equivalent to Lloyd's in London, which was founded in 1864), or through the ship registry records, if they survive, for the port of Stavanger. [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Michael Palmer - 16 December 1997]

BORKUM
The "Borkum" was built by J.L.Thompson & Sons, Sunderland (engines by J.Dickinson & Sons, Sunderland) as the "Ellen Rickmers" for the Rickmers Line. She was a 5,350 gross ton ship, length 409ft x beam 50.5ft, straight stem, one funnel, two masts, single screw and a speed of 10 knots. There was capacity for 18-2nd and 950-3rd class passengers. Launched on 27/2/1896, she was chartered to North German Lloyd and commenced the first of six round voyages between Bremen and Baltimore on 24/9/1897, the last starting on 5/1/1900. In 1900 she was purchased by NGL and renamed "Borkum". She commenced her first Bremen - Baltimore - Galveston voyage on 13/9/1900 and made the last of three voyages on this service in February 1905. Between 1905-1913 she sailed between Bremen and South America and in 1914 sailed between Bremen and the Far East. Seized by Italy in 1915 and renamed "Asti", she was torpedoed and sunk by a German submarine, 220 miles SW of the Scilly Isles on 13/8/1917. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P. Bonsor, vol.2, p.560-561] - [Posted to the ShipsList By Ted Finch - 28 May 1998]

BORUSSIA (1)
The "Borussia" was a 2,131 gross ton ship, built by Caird & Co, Greenock in 1855 for the Hamburg America Line. Her details were - length 280ft x beam 38.5ft, clipper stem, one funnel, three masts, iron construction, single screw and a speed of 10 knots. There was accommodation for 54-1st, 146-2nd and 310-3rd class passengers. Launched on 3/7/1855, she was immediately chartered by the British government as a Crimean War transport. On 1/6/1856 she started her first Hamburg - New York voyage and on 30/4/1870 sailed from Hamburg on her last run on this service. In 1871 she was fitted with compound engines and was then transferred to the Hamburg - West Indies service. In 1876 she went to the Dominion Line and on 2/9/1876 started sailings between Liverpool and New Orleans. On 20/11/1879 she left Liverpool for the last time for New Orleans but was abandoned at sea on 2nd December with the loss of 169 lives. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1,p.387] [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 22 October 1997]

BORUSSIA (2)
See PRINCESS ALICE.

BOUGAINVILLE
See STAR OF RUSSIA.

BRABANTIA
See RESOLUTE.

BRAEMAR
See NORWAY (2) .

BRAEMAR CASTLE
The "Braemar Castle" was built for Union-Castle Line in 1952 by Harland & Wolff, Belfast and was a most beautiful looking ship. She was a 17,029 gross ton vessel, length 576ft x beam 74ft, one funnel, two masts, twin screw and a speed of 17.5 knots. There was passenger accommodation for 552-cabin class. Launched on 24.5.1952, she sailed on her maiden voyage on 22nd November on the London - round Africa service. This was a service which included two ships sailing out from London via Suez and home via the Cape and two sailing in the reverse direction. Ports of call on the "round Africa" service included Las Palmas, Ascension, St Helena, Cape Town, Port Elizabeth, East London, Durban, Lourenco Marques, Beira, Dar-es-Salaam, Zanzibar, Tanga, Mombasa, Aden, Port Sudan, Port Said, Genoa, Marseilles, and Gibraltar. This service ceased in 1961 and after making a couple of Mediterranean cruises in 1961, the "Braemar Castle" was transferred to the Intermediate service from London to Gibraltar, Genoa, Port Said, Suez, Aden, Mombasa, Zanzibar, Dar-es-Salaam, Beira and Durban, there to turn North again with additional calls at Lourenco Marques (alternate ships), Tanga, Naples and Marseilles (the last two ports being with alternate ships). In 1965 she was used for cruising only and on January 6th 1966, she arrived at Faslane for breaking up, at only 13 years old. [The Cape Run by W.H.Mitchell & L.A.Sawyer] - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 26 June 1998]

BRAGA
This was the "Braga" of the Fabre Line. Built by Russell & Co, Port Glasgow (engines by J.G.Kincaid & Co, Greenock) in 1907 as the "Laura" for Unione Austriaca of Trieste. This was a 6,125 gross ton ship, length 415.3ft x beam 49.6ft, one funnel, two masts, twin screw and a speed of 15 knots. There was accommodation for 50-1st, 75-2nd and 1,500-3rd class passengers. Launched on 15/2/1907, she sailed from Trieste on her maiden voyage to Patras and New York on 11/5/1907. On 8/5/1914 she started her last voyage between Trieste, Palermo, Algiers and New York and then made a subsequent voyage to South America. From 1914 to 1917 she sheltered at Bahia, Brazil and on 2/7/1917 was seized by the Brazilian authorities, renamed "Europa" and operated by Lloyd Nacional. In December 1919, she was handed to France as war reparations, sold to the Fabre Line of Marseilles and renamed "Braga". Rebuilt to accommodate 130-cabin and 1,350-3rd class passengers, she sailed on her first voyage from Marseilles to Naples, Palermo and New York on 10th December 1920. On 16th September 1926 she commenced her last New York - Azores - Mediterranean passage and on 16/11/1926 was wrecked on Aspra Island, Greece. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P. Bonsor, vol.3, p.1136] The probable reason why the crossing took so long was that the Fabre Line ships stopped at numerous ports on these voyages. - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 1 August 1998]

BRANDENBURG
Built in 1901 for Norddeutscher Lloyd by Vulkan in Vegesack. 7,532 tons; 429 feet long x 54 feet broad; 1 funnel, 2 masts; twin-screw propulsion, service speed 13 knots. Interchangeable between services, but ran mainly in the Bremen-Baltimore service. 1917 became the Hecuba (U.S. Government). December 1924 sold; scrapped [Noel Reginald Pixell Bonsor, North Atlantic Seaway; An Illustrated History of the Passenger Services Linking the Old World with the New (Prescott, Lancashire: T. Stephenson & Sons., 1955), p. 188]. Pictured in Michael J. Anuta, Ships of Our Ancestors (Menominee, MI: Ships of Our Ancestors, 1983; reprint Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., [1993]), p. 30, courtesy of the Steamship Historical Society of America, Langsdale Library, University of Baltimore, 1420 Maryland Ave., Baltimore, MD 21201. For further information on the Brandenburg, including additional pictures, see:
1. Arnold Kludas, Die Seeschiffe des Norddeutschen Lloyd (2 vols; Herford: Koehler, c1991-c1992). Bd. 1. 1857 bis 1919 -- Bd. 2. 1920 bis 1970. Includes bibliographical references and indexes.
2. Edwin Drechsel, Norddeutscher Lloyd Bremen, 1857-1970; History, Fleet, Ship Mails (2 vols.; Vancouver: Cordillera Pub. Co., c1994-c1995). Includes bibliographical references and indexes. [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Michael Palmer - 5 July 1997]

The "Brandenburg" was built by Bremer Vulkan, Vegesack in 1902 for Norddeutscher Lloyd [North German Lloyd] of Bremen. She was a 7,532 gross ton ship, one funnel, two masts, twin screw and a speed of 13 knots. There was accommodation for 60-2nd and 1,660-3rd class passengers. Launched on 21/12/1901, she sailed from Bremen on her maiden voyage to New York on 22/3/1902. She commenced her first voyage from Bremen to Baltimore on 1/5/1902 and subsequently sailed between Bremen and New York and/or Baltimore. On 14/7/1910 she commenced her first voyage from Bremen to Philadelphia and on 23/7/1914 started her last voyage from Bremen to Philadelphia (arr 5/8/1914). She then proceeded to Trondhjem, Norway where she was interned. In 1919 she was surrendered to Britain as war reparations. Her name was unchanged until 1922 when she came under the control of Alfred Holt's Blue Funnel Line and became the "Hecuba". In July 1922 she was run down while at anchor at Constantinople by the Byron Line vessel "Maid of Milos". She was scrapped in 1925. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.2,p.565] [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 30 November 1997]

BRASIL
See VIRGINIAN.

BRASILE (1)
"Brasile" was built in 1906 by Officine e Cantiere Ligure-Anconetani, Ancona for the Italian company, La Veloce She was a 5026 gross ton vessel, length 120,17m x beam 14,56m, two funnels, two masts, twin screw and a speed of 13 knots. Accommodation for 58-1st, 56-2nd and 994-3rd class passengers. Launched on 29/6/1905 she started her maiden voyage from Genoa to Naples and New York on 30/12/1905 and on 22/3/1906 started her first run from Genoa to Naples and S.America. On 8/6/1908 she commenced her last voyage from Genoa to Naples and New York and was then sold to the French company CGT who renamed her "Venezuela". On 7/3/1920, she dragged her anchor in Casablanca Roads and ran ashore, and on 5/10/1920 she broke her back and was scrapped. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor] [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Ted Finch - 2 October 1997]

BRASILE (2)
Brasile [2] built by Fratelli Orlando, Leghorn in 1905 as the "Argentina", she was 4985 gross tons, length 120,11m x beam 14,53m, two funnels, two masts, twin screw and a speed of 13 knots. Accommodation for 61-1st, 56-2nd and 950-3rd class passengers.Launched in July 1905, she commenced running from Genoa to Naples and S.America on 22/2/1906. In 1912 she was renamed "Brasile" and commenced running from Genoa to Naples and Brasil in November of that year. In 1913 she went to Italia Line, in 1917 went to Transoceanica and in 1921 to NGI. Finally went to Sitmar Line in 1922, but have no record of her after that date. [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Ted Finch - 15 September 1997]

BRASILIA
The "Brasilia" of 1899 was built by Harland & Wolff, Belfast for the Hamburg America Line. She was a 10,336 gross ton ship, length 500.7ft x beam 62.3ft, straight stem, one funnel, two masts, steel construction, twin screw and a speed of 13 knots. There was accommodation for 300-2nd and 2,400-3rd class passengers and carried a crew of 150. Launched on 27/11/1897, she sailed from Belfast on her maiden voyage to New York on 21/3/1898. On 4/5/1898 she commenced her first Hamburg - Baltimore voyage, and started her last crossing on this service on 12/10/1899 (13 round voyages). She was then sold to Harland & Wolff who rebuilt her to 9,546 tons and with four masts for cargo and steerage passenger use on the North Atlantic. She was then sold to the Dominion Line and renamed "Norseman". On 10/2/1900 she started a round voyage from Liverpool to South Africa as a Boer War transport and was rebuilt to 11,677 gross tons. She was chartered to the Aberdeen Line and commenced sailings from London to Cape Town and Sydney on 7/6/1910 and started her last voyage on this service on 30/1/1914. On 22/1/1916 she was torpedoed by the German Submarine U.39 in the Gulf of Salonika, towed to Mudros harbour where she was again torpedoed and sank. In 1920 she was refloated and scrapped in Italy. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1, p.404] [Merchant Fleets by Duncan Haws, vol.4, Hamburg America Line] - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 25 February 1998]

The BRASILIA was built for the Hamburg American Line (HAPAG) by Harland & Wolff. Belfast (ship #318), and launched on 27 November 1897. 10,336 tons; 152,3 (157,1) x 18,9 meters (length x breadth); straight bow, 1 funnel, 2 masts; steel construction, twin screw propulsion, service speed 12 knots; accommodation for 300 passengers in 2nd class, and 2,400 in steerage; crew of 150. 21 March 1898, maiden voyage, Belfast-New York. 4 May 1898, first voyage, Hamburg-Baltimore. 12 October 1899, last voyage, Hamburg-Baltimore (13 roundtrip voyages). 1899, sold to Harland & Wolff. 1899, sold to the Dominion Line and renamed NORSEMAN; 9, 546 tons, 4 masts. 10 February 1900, 1 roundtrip voyage, Liverpool-South Africa, as a Boer War transport. 7 June 1910-30 January 1914, London-Cape Town-Sydney, for the Aberdeen Line (charter). 22 January 1916, torpedoed by German submarine U39 in the Gulf of Salonika; towed to Mudros harbour where torpedoed again, and beached. 1920, sold to the Soc. Italiana di Salvataggi e Nav., refloated, and scrapped [Noel Reginald Pixell Bonsor, North Atlantic Seaway; An Illustrated History of the Passenger Services Linking the Old World with the New (2nd ed.; Jersey, Channel Islands: Brookside Publications), vol. 1 (1975), p. 404; Arnold Kludas and Herbert Bischoff, Die Schiffe der Hamburg- Amerika-Linie. Bd. 1: 1847-1906 (Herford: Koehler, 1979), p. 79 (photograph); Arnold Kludas, Die grossen Passagierschiffe der Welt; Eine Dokumentation, Band 1: 1858-1912 (2nd ed.; Oldenburg/Hamburg: Gerhard Stalling, c1972), pp. 48-49 (photograph)]. - [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Michael Palmer - 25 February 1998]

BRAUNSCHWEIG
The "Braunschweig" was built by R.Steele & Co, Greenock, Scotland in 1873 for Norddeutscher Lloyd [North German Lloyd]. She was a 3079 gross ton ship, length 351.3ft x beam 39.1ft, one funnel, two masts, iron construction, single screw and a speed of 12 knots. There was accommodation for 34-1st, 33-2nd and 600-3rd class passengers. Launched on 1/4/1873, she sailed from Bremen on her maiden voyage to Southampton and Baltimore on 9/9/1873. On 16/10/1880 she commenced sailing from Bremen to New York and after completing four round voyages on this service, was transferred on 13/1/1887 to the Bremen - Suez Canal - Far East run. On 13/1/1894, she resumed the Bremen - New York service and after eleven voyages, the last commencing 14/1/1896, continued on the Naples - New York run but on 30/5/1896, she commenced her last voyage and was scrapped the same year. [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Ted Finch - 19 September 1997]

BRAVO
The "Bravo" was the first of two ships with this name owned by the Wilson Line of Hull. She was a 1,076 gross ton ship, length 240.1ft x beam 29.2ft, built in 1866 by the London & Glasgow Shipbuilding Co of Glasgow. She sailed on the Baltic and North Sea to Hull service until 1904 when she was sold to Bells Asia Minor Co, Liverpool and was scrapped in 1907 at Alexandria. [The Wilson Line, 1831-1981 by Credland & Thompson] [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 18 November 1997]

BREMEN (1)
. The steamship BREMEN was built by Caird & Co, Greenock, Scotland (ship #58), for Norddeutscher Lloyd--the first of 5 passenger steamships of this name owned by the line--at a cost of 1,281,000 gold marks, and launched on 1 February 1858. 2,674 tons; 97,53 x 11,89 meters/320 x 39 feet (length x breadth); clipper bow, 1 funnel, 3 masts (barkentine rigged); iron construction, screw propulsion, service speed 11 knots; accommodation for 160 passengers in 1st class, 110 in 2nd, and 401 in steerage; crew of between 102 and 118; freight capacity 1,000 tons; coal capacity 850 tons, burned at the rate of 2.2-2.5 kilos per horsepower hour. 19 June 1858, maiden voyage, Bremen-New York, carrying 115 passengers and 150 tons of freight; upon arrival at New York (4 July), she made a demonstration cruise to Sandy Hook, with invited guests that included Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. 14 January 1860, reached Southampton under sail with a broken shaft; out of service undergoing repairs at Southampton for 6 months. 8 July 1860, resumed Bremen-New York service. 1864, a Krupp steel shaft installed, and boiler pre-heating. 5 November 1873, last voyage, Bremen-Southampton-New York. June 1874, along with the steamship NEW YORK, sold to E. Bates & Co., Liverpool, for 19,000 pounds; both vessels converted to sail. 16 October 1882, ran ashore on the Farallon Islands, 27 miles outside the Golden Gate, directly under the light house, in a dense fog. The cargo of coal and whiskey was insured, the ship was not. Small craft waited for the whiskey cargo to float up; in 1929, a T. H. P. Whitelaw proposed raising the whiskey, but was prevented from doing so by the U.S. government [Edwin Drechsel, Norddeutscher Lloyd Bremen, 1857-1970; History, Fleet, Ship Mails, vol. 1 (Vancouver: Cordillera Pub. Co., c1994), p. 13; Noel Reginald Pixell Bonsor, North Atlantic Seaway; An Illustrated History of the Passenger Services Linking the Old World with the New (2nd ed.; Jersey, Channel Islands: Brookside Publications), vol. 2 (1978), p. 544]. - [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Michael Palmer - 11 February 1998]

The "Bremen" of 1858 was a 2,674 gross ton ship, built by Caird & Co, Greenock, Scotland for Norddeutscher Lloyd of Bremen. Her details were - length 97,53m x beam 11,88m (320ft x 39ft), she had a clipper stem, one funnel, three masts (rigged for sail), iron construction, single screw and a speed of 10 knots. There was accommodation for 160-1st, 110-2nd and 400-3rd class passengers. Launched on 1st February 1858, she sailed from bremen on her maiden voyage to New York on 19th June 1858. She continued on this service except for six months repair in 1860, when she fractured her propellor shaft. On 5th November 1873 she started her last voyage from Bremen to Southampton and New York, and in 1874 was sold to Edward Bates of Liverpool who had her engines removed and used her as a sailing vessel. On 16th October 1882 she was wrecked on the South Farralone Islands, California. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.2, p.544] - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - February 11, 1998]

BREMEN (2)
The steamship BREMEN was built by F. Schuchau, of Danzig, for the North German Lloyd Line, and launched on 14 November 1896. 10,525 tons; 160,04 x 18,38 meters (525.1 x 60.3 feet, length x beam); 2 funnels, 2 masts; twin screw propulsion, service speed 15 knots; accommodation for 230 1st-, 250 2nd-, and 1,850 3rd-class passengers. 5 June 1897, maiden voyage, Bremen- Southampton-New York. 20 October 1897, first voyage, Bremen-Suez Canal-Australia. Interchangeable between the New York and Australia services. 30 June 1900, damaged in a fire at the North German Lloyd dock at Hoboken, New Jersey, along with the other North German Lloyd steamships SAALE, MAIN, and KAISER WILHELM DER GROSSE; almost 300 lives lost (including firefighters), 12 on the BREMEN. 11 October 1900, after provisional repairs, returned to Germany; refitted and lengthened to 167,78 meters (550.5 feet), 11,570 tons, by Vulcan, of Stettin. 12 October 1901, resumed Bremen-Southampton- New York service. 27 September 1911, last voyage, Bremen-Australia (16 roundtrip voyages). 20 June 1914, last voyage, Bremen-Southampton-New York; laid up at Bremen during World War I. 4 April 1919, surrendered to Britain; name unchanged; operated, on behalf of the Shipping Controller, by the P & O Line on its Australia service. 1921, sold to the Byron Steamship Co, and renamed CONSTANTINOPLE. 5 December 1921, first voyage, Constanza-Constantinople-Piraeus- New York. 4 September 1923, last voyage, Constanza-Constantinople-Piraeus-New York (8 roundtrip voyages). 1924, renamed KING ALEXANDER. 24 May 1924, first voyage, Piraeus-Patras-New York. 21 April 1925, last voyage, Piraeus-Patras-New York (6 roundtrip voyages). 1929, scrapped at Venice [Arnold Kludas, Die grossen Passagierschiffe der Welt; Eine Dokumentation, Bd. I: 1858-1912 (Oldenburg/Hamburg: Gerhard Stalling, 1972), pp. 22-23; Noel Reginald Pixell Bonsor, North Atlantic Seaway; An Illustrated History of the Passenger Services Linking the Old World with the New (2nd ed.; Jersey, Channel Islands: Brookside Publications), vol. 2 (1978), p. 560]. Pictured in Michael J. Anuta, Ships of Our Ancestors (Menominee, MI: Ships of Our Ancestors, 1983), p. 32, courtesy of the Peabody Essex Museum, East India Square, Salem, MA 01970. Kludas, op. cit, p. 22, contains a picture of the BREMEN and MAIN burning at Hoboken in 1900. For further information on the BREMEN, including pictures, see: 1. Arnold Kludas, Die Seeschiffe des Norddeutschen Lloyd, Bd. 1. 1857 bis 1919 (Herford: Koehler, c1991). 2. Edwin Drechsel, Norddeutscher Lloyd Bremen, 1857-1970; History, Fleet, Ship Mails (2 vols.; Vancouver: Cordillera Pub. Co., c1994-c1995). [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Michael Palmer - 16 September 1997]

BREMEN (3)
(of 1922) See POCAHONTAS.

BREVERHAVEN
The BREMERHAVEN was a 3-masted, square-rigged ship, built by Levi Houghton, in Bath, Maine, in 1837, as the ROCHESTER. 563 tons; 131 ft 2 in x 30 ft 10 in x 15 ft 5 in (length x beam x depth of hold). Purchased in 1850 by the Bremen shipowner L. F. Kalmann, and renamed BREMERHAVEN; 227 Commerzlasten. International Signal Code: QBFM. 1865, during the dispute over Schleswig-Holstein, re-registered under the neutral Russian flag. 1870, sold Norwegian [William Armstrong Fairburn, Merchant Sail (Center Lovell, Maine: Fairburn Marine Educational Foundation, [1945-1955]), vol. 5, pp. 3192, 3221, and 3264; Rolf Reinemuth, Segel aus Downeast; Die unerschrockenen Manner von der Weser und ihre prachtigen Schiffe aus Neu-England (Herford: Koehler, c1971), pp. 37 and 139]. - [E-mail from Michael Palmer - 6 October 1998]

BRESLAU
The "Breslau" was 7524 ton vessel built by Bremer Vulkan at Vegesack in 1901 for Norddeutscher Lloyd [North German Lloyd]. Her dimensions were length 429.3ft x beam 54.3ft, one funnel, two masts, twin screw and a speed of 13 knots. There was accommodation for 60-2nd class and 1,660-3rd class passengers. Launched on 14.8.1901, she left Bremen on her maiden voyage to New York on 23.11.1901. On 3.4.1902 she made her first voyage on the Bremen - Baltimore service and on 10.9.1903 she went onto the Bremen - Baltimore - Galveston run. On 24.3.1910 transferred to Bremen - Philadelphia run and on 6.5.1914 to the Bremen - Boston - New Orleans service. She made her last trip for this company when she left Bremen on 8.7.1914 and arrived at NY on 24.7.1914 via Emden and Boston. She then continued to New Orleans where she stayed until 1917 when she was seized by the USA and became the US Navy transport "Bridgeport". In 1943 she became the US Hospital ship "Larkspur" and returned to her previous name of "Bridgeport" in 1946 when she became a US Army transport. She was scrapped in 1948. [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Ted Finch - 10 August 1997]

The steamship BRESLAU was built for Norddeutscher Lloyd by Bremer Vulkan, Vegesack (ship #439), and launched on 14 August 1901. 7,524 tons; 136,36 x 16,46 meters (length x breadth); 1 funnel, 2 masts; twin-screw propulsion, quadruple expansion engines (3600 horsepower), service speed 12 knots; accommodation for 66 passengers in 2nd class and 1,660 in steerage; crew of from 94 to 120. The BRESLAU was built as an emigrant carrier for the Baltimore-Gulf route. 23 November 1901, maiden voyage, Bremen-New York. 3 April 1902, first voyage, Bremen-Baltimore. 10 September 1903, first voyage, Bremen-Baltimore-Galveston. 24 March 1910, first voyage, Bremen-Philadelphia. 6 May 1914, first voyage, Bremen-Boston-New Orleans. 8 July 1914, last voyage, Bremen-Emden-Boston-New York (arrived 24 July)-New Orleans. 6 April 1917, seized by the U.S. government at New Orleans, and placed under the control of the United States Shipping Board. June 1917, renamed BRIDGEPORT (U.S. Navy transport). 25 August 1924, commissioned as destroyer tender, but laid up on 3 November 1924. 2 February 1942, to U.S. War Shipping Administration, refitted as a transport. 1944, fitted out as Army Hospital ship LARKSPUR. 1946, reverted to name BRIDGEPORT, and fitted out as Army U.S. transport for dependants (352 adults, 182 children). 1947, sold to H. H. Buncher, Pittsburgh, for scrapping. 1948, scrapped at Mobile, Alabama [Edwin Drechsel, Norddeutscher Lloyd Bremen, 1857-1970; History, Fleet, Ship Mails (Vancouver: Cordillera Pub. Co., c1994-c1995), vol. 1, p. 264, no. 175; Noel Reginald Pixell Bonsor, North Atlantic Seaway; An Illustrated History of the Passenger Services Linking the Old World with the New (2nd ed.; Jersey, Channel Islands: Brookside Publications), vol. 2 (1977), p. 565]. [E-mail from Michael Palmer - 9 February 1998]

BRIDGEPORT
See BRESLAU

BRITANIS
See MONTEREY (2).

BRITANNIA (1)
The "Britannia" was built in 1863 by Tod & McGregor, Glasgow for the Anchor Line of Glasgow. She was a 1,392 gross ton ship, length 261.5ft x beam 33.1ft, clipper stem, one funnel, three masts (rigged for sail), iron construction, single screw and a speed of 10 knots. There was accommodation for 40-1st, 90-2nd and 300-3rd class passengers. Launched on 18/6/1863, she started her maiden voyage on 8/7/1863 when she left Glasgow for Quebec and Montreal. Her first (winter) voyage started on 14/11/1863 when she commenced Glasgow - New York sailings. Her captain (Capt. Campbell) was washed overboard and lost during a gale in 1864, while going to the aid of a lady passenger. In December 1869 she commenced a single voyage between Glasgow, Palermo, New York and Glasgow and then between 1870-1873 sailed between Glasgow - Moville (Ireland) and New York. On 29/1/1873 she was wrecked with no loss of life on the Isle of Arran, Scotland. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P. Bonsor, vol.1, p.451] [Merchant Fleets by Duncan Haws, vol.9, Anchor Line] - [Posted to The Shipslist by Ted Finch - 6 May 1998]

BRITANNIA (2)
Built by D & W Henderson, Glasgow in 1879 for the British, Anchor Line. 3069 gross tons, length 350ft x beam 38.5ft, one funnel, three masts, iron construction, single screw and a speed of 11 knots. I have no information on her accommodation. Launched on 21/8/1879 for the Bombay service, she sailed on her maiden voyage from Glasgow to Liverpool and Bombay in September of that year. Between 1882 and 1904 she was used on the Indian service except on 3/1/1888 when she commenced a voyage from Calcutta - Port Said - New York. In 1892 she started her first voyage from Glasgow - Trieste (Dep.22/8/1892), Kalamata - Messina - Naples - New York (arr.11/10/1892). Between 1892 and 1897 she made 10 round voyages between the Mediterranean and New York, and in 1901, made two similar voyages. She started her last Mediteranean - NY run on 3/5/1901 when she left Marseilles for Genoa, Leghorn, Naples and New York, arriving on 31/5/1901 with 654-3rd class passengers. She then went back to the India service and was sold in Bombay on 12/2/1908 and scrapped. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1, p.463] [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Ted Finch - 10 October 1997]

BRITANNIA (3)
Built by T.Royden & Sons, Liverpool in 1881 for the French, Fabre Line. She was a 2456 gross ton vessel, length 328ft x beam 40.4ft, one funnel, two masts, iron construction, single screw and a speed of 12 knots. There was accommodation for 18-1st class and 1,000-3rd class passengers. She was launched on 25/10/1881 and sailed from Marseilles on her maiden voyage to Bone, Almeria, Malaga and New York on 30/8/1882. In May 1883, she broke her shaft in the North Atlantic and was towed to Cadiz by a Spanish steamer; thence to Marseilles by the Paquet Line vessel "Moselle". On 2/10/1901 she commenced her last voyage from Marseilles to Almeria, Malaga and New York and was then renamed "America". On 17/5/1902 she sailed on her first voyage under this name from Marseilles to Messina, Naples and New York and in June 1906, she again broke her shaft in the N.Atlantic and was towed to Bermuda by the Italian vessel "Dinnamare". On 9/10/1907 she started her last round voyage between Marseilles, Denia and New York and in April 1909 was sold and scrapped at Leghorn, Italy. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.3, p.1132] [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Ted Finch - 10 October 1997]

BRITANNIA (4)
The "Britannia" was a 3028 gross ton vessel, built by M.Pearse & Co, Stockton in 1883 for the International Line. Her details were - length 300ft x beam 40.1ft, iron construction, single screw and a speed of 12 knots. Launched on 23/5/1883, she sailed on her first voyage from Trieste to Patras, Sicily and New York on 18/5/1884 (arrived New York 26/6/1884 and left 16/7/1884). On 31/7/1884 she was sunk in collision with the British vessel "Bellcairn" off Portland, Dorset on her return voyage to London. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor vol. 3, p. 1159] [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Ted Finch - 9 October 1997]

BRITANNIA (5)
See GERMANIA (4).

BRITANNIA (6)
I haven't a lot of info on this ship, but she was a 4,295 gross ton ship built in 1929 by Swan Hunter & Wigham Richardson, Newcastle. Launched in February 1929, she made her maiden voyage in June 1929, She carried 264 passengers and sailed between Goteborg and London and there was refrigerated cargo space for butter, eggs, bacon, etc. At the end of the war she was used for the repatriation of British soldiers and prisoners from Germany. I don't know what her ultimate fate was, but if Swedish Lloyd is still operating, they will be able to help. - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 15 February 1998]

BRITISH CROWN
See AMSTERDAM (2).

BRITISH EMPIRE
See CAMPANELLO.

BRITISH EXHIBITOR
See LEICESTERSHIRE .

BRITISH KING
The "British King" was a 3559 ton vessel built in 1881 by Harland & Wolff, Belfast for British Shipowners Co. 410ft long x 39ft beam, straight stem, one funnel, four masts, 12 knots. She was immediately chartered to the American Line for the Liverpool - Philadelphia service. In 1883 she went to the NZ shipping Co. and Shaw Savill Lines London - New Zealand service. 1884 back to Liverpool - Philadelphia run and in 1885 she went to the Guion Line on the Liverpool - Queenstown - NY service. In 1889 she was on the Liverpool - Philadelphia run and was sold to the Holland America Line at the end of that year. Renamed "Werkendam" and put onto the Rotterdam - NY service until 1900 when she was sold to the Chinese Eastern Railway. In 1904 she was scuttled by the Russians at Port Arthur. [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List byTed Finch - 19 June 1997]

"BRITISH KING"" [1881] Built by Harland & Wloff, Ltd. Belfast Ireland. Tonnage 3,412. Dimensions : 410' x 39'. single screw. 12 knots. Compound engines. Four masts and 1 funnel. NOTE: Built for British Shipowners, Inc. In service between Liverpool Philadelphia. RE-named [a] WERKENDAM 1889. [b] HARBIN . Sister ships were British Crown and British Queen. When it was the "WERKENDAM"" it was with the HOLLAND-AMERICA LINE. When she was named "BRITISH KING" she was owned/operated by American Steamship Company. [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by M.L. Durse - 19 July 1997]

BRITISH LION
THE BRITISH LION VOYAGE FROM ENGLAND 1857-8:
Shipping records consulted vary but the British Lion is quoted as having been 1162 tons, 1370 tons or 1457 tons. She was built in 1853 in Quebec, Canada, and was owned by Leask and Company of Liverpool, UK. Lloyd's Register of Shipping, London, UK, lists the British Lion's official number as 23089. In Fredrick William Wallaces' book In the Wake of the Wind-Ships he says - "In 1853, P V Valin launched the ship British Lion of 1370 tons. She was a hardwood craft and was reputed to be a good sailor. A shipping note in 1857 states that she made a passage from Calcutta to (Le) Havre in 91 days, during which she frequently logged 16� miles per hour and made 362 miles in one day. In 1858, theBritish Lion was one of the White Star fleet carrying passengers to Australia."
One recorded trip is from Liverpool leaving on 30th September, 1857, bound for Melbourne in the Colony of Victoria, Australia. The British Lion, under Captain Harrington, was registered to carry 200 "Statute Adults" on the 140 day voyage. On board were, in fact, 190 adults, 27 children and 6 infants. Using the 1788 First Fleet's itinerary as a rough guide the British Lion's itinerary was:- Day 1 - September, Tuesday, 29th 1857 - left Liverpool on the outgoing midday tide. The ship had been provisioned to allow for a trip of up 140 days, Day 10 - October 9th - the ship had a "speaking" (megaphone conversation with a passing ship) while at 45N, 9W placing it some 185km due north of La Coruna in NW Spain. Day 19 - October 18th - the ship was 600km off the Azores island group. Day 36 - November 4th - the ship was some 1600km west of the Guinea coast of Africa a little north of the Equator. Day 49 - November 17th - the ship had a second "speaking" while at 4S, 31W placing it some 3300km due west of the Angolan coast of Africa. The skipper would have been setting the ship up to catch the full effect of the Roaring Forty trade winds and give a wide berth to the much-feared Cape of Good Hope. The British Lion then took about 28 days to cover the vast expanses of ocean between Africa and Australia.Day 77 - December 25th - Christmas Day was celebrated in the Great Australian Bight. Day 84 - New Year's Day was celebrated south of South Australia. Day 94 - January 3rd - the British Lion docked at Adelaide disembarking 2 passengers, Day 98 - January 6th - docked at Geelong for 2 passengers to disembark, Day 100 - January, Thursday, 7th 1858 the British Lion docked in Port Melbourne with 191 passengers landing. Day 103 - January 10th - docked at Launceston, Tasmania, allowing 12 passengers to alight, Day 110 - February 17th 1858 - docked in Sydney allowing the sole remaining passenger to disembark. - one birth and three deaths had been recorded en route -I have, in vain, looked for an illustration/engraving/sketch/photo of the "British Lion" by visiting:- 1. the National Maritime Museum in Liverpool; 2. The La Trobe State Museum in Melbourne; And by writing to:- 1. Lloyd's Register of Shipping in Fenchurch St, London; and the 2. Guildhall Library (Lloyd's Marine Collection) in Aldermanbury, London
STATISTICS OF THE BRITISH LION'S LIVERPOOL-MELBOURNE VOYAGE
Total Distance = 26 000km; Total Number of Days to Melbourne = 100 days; Average distance per day = 260km/day or 9.2km/hour; Distances:-Liverpool to the Cape of Good Hope = 13 000km; Estimated Number of Days for that leg of voyage = 55 days = 55% of the voyage; Cape of Good Hope to Melbourne for that leg of voyage = 45 days = 45% of the time taken for the voyage (due to the Roaring Forties). Speeds:- Liverpool to the Cape of Good Hope = 13 000km � 55 days = 236.4km/day or 9.8km/hour (Allowing for the Roaring Forties) Cape of Good Hope to Sydney = 13 000k � 45 days = 288.8km/day or 12.3km/hour (a 25% increase) As a contrast the migrant ship "Afric" (of White Star Boats) which made a similar trip in 1912 to Australia weighed 12 000 tons ten times that of the "British Lion."The "Afric," being a steamer, travelled at an average of 480km/day (or 20km/hour) or almost twice the speed of the British Lion. The difference in travelling by sailing ship and steamer British Lion 1856-7 compared with the Afric in1912 Liverpool to Azores - 19 days/10 days; Liverpool to Equator - 39 days/15 days; Liverpool to Cape of G. Hope - 58 days/22 days; Liverpool to Albany, Western Australia - (80 days)*/37 days; Liverpool to Adelaide, SA - 94 days/(41 days)*; Liverpool to Geelong, VIC - 98 days/(43 days)*; Liverpool to Melbourne, VIC - 100 days/(45 days)*; Liverpool to Launceston, TAS - 103 days/(46 days)*; Liverpool to Sydney, NSW - 110 days/(49 days)*. Total Distance of Voyage - 26 000km/(26 000km)*. Average Distance per Day - 260km/480km. Average Speed per Hour - 9.2km/22km. * extrapolated figures as the ship did not call at the port.
A VOYAGE TO ADELAIDE 1866
The "British Lion" made another journey to Australia in 1866, under Captain Francis P Reed (46) of Dublin, leaving Plymouth on 10th April and arriving in Adelaide on Monday July 15th. At the time she had been "newly coppered" and was cited as being 1162 tons. The details are in "Tender of Ship to carry Government Emigrants" Form D No 25 entitled "Australia and Cape." The following measurements were given - 1457 feet - old measurement; 1370 feet - new measurement; 20 feet - draught 196' 8" - lower deck; 39'*" - at the greatest breadth of lower deck; 7�" - at the stem; 7�" - a the main hatchway; 7�" - at stern post. Built in Quebec; 1853; of wood; having poop and topgallant Forecastle; having stern ports; lying in London on 1 Feb 1866; last cargo "East India;" to be surveyed 2 Feb 1866; to be fitted for passengers 9 Feb 1866, Master's Name "Reed" who held a Certificate of Competency. 428 souls embarked - there were 3 births (3 females) on board and 2 deaths of boys - and 429 landed in Adelaide. Passage money was ?14/4/9 per passenger and half for children (1-12) It appears she was equipped for steam power as the Surgeon made comments about holdups "of several hours" from time to time. - [Email from John Parker, Perth, Western Autralia - 11 August 1998]

Official Number 23089. Code N.Q.F.G. Built by P. Valin in Quebec; Dimensions 196.8-39.9-22.9. P.132t. f. 34 t. Fitted with top sails, single top-gall., royals. Reg Ton 1370. Gr Ton 1457 Moore and Co, Liverpool, sold to M. I. Wilson of Liverpool and tonn reduced. 1867 damaged sold to L. Young, London; 1876 re-sold to W. S. Lishman, Newcastle; Reg ton 1182 Gr Ton 1221 Dimensions 194.7-39.6-22.3 1877-8 lost. - [Posted to The ShipsList by John Parker - August 31, 1998]

BRITISH PRINCE
The "British Prince" was built by Harland & Wolff, Belfast in 1882 for British Shipowners. She was a 3,871gross ton vessel, length 420.1ft x beam 42.2ft, one funnel, four masts, single screw and a speed of 12 knots. I have no information on her passenger capacity. Launched on 4/2/1882, she was chartered to American Line and sailed on her maiden voyage from Liverpool to Philadelphia on 12/4/1882. She commenced her last voyage from Philadelphia to Liverpool on 28/3/1894 and in 1895 was chartered to the Dominion Line. She made one round voyage from Liverpool to Quebec and Montreal for this company commencing 1/5/1895 and was then sold to French owners. She was renamed "Les Andes" and was finally scrapped in June 1908. [Posted to both Ship Lists by Ted Finch - 21 November 1997]

BRITISH PRINCESS (1)
This was a 3,864 gross ton ship, built by Harland & Wolff, Belfast in 1882 for British owners. Her details were - length 420.1ft x beam 42.2ft, one funnel, four masts, single screw and a speed of 12 knots. Launched in December 1882, she was chartered to American Line and commenced her maiden voyage from Liverpool to Philadelphia on 28th April 1883. She commenced her last voyage on this service on 16th May 1894 and was sold to French owners and renamed "Les Alpes" the following year. In 1910 she was scrapped at Marseilles. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.3, p.942] - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - February 11, 1998]

BRITISH PRINCESS (2)
See PALERMO (1) .

BRITISH QUEEN
See OBDAM.

BRODLAND
See HIGHLAND MARY.

BROOKLYN (1)
BROOKLYN/CITY OF BROOKLYN/BROOKLYN CITY. The Hamburg America vessel was provisionally named "Brooklyn", but never sailed under that name. She entered service in 1907 as the "President Lincoln".(Duncan Haws - Merchant Fleets in Profile - vol.4, Hamburg America Line).There is a "Brooklyn" listed in the index of Great Passenger Ships of the World vol.4,p.112 by Arnold Kludas, but I don't have that volume to hand at the moment. The "City of Brooklyn" listed by Bonsor, launched in 1868 was renamed "Brooklyn" in 1878 and wrecked in 1885. (Bonsor, vol.1). The only "Brooklyn City" I know of, was a Bristol City Line cargo vessel of 1880. [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Ted Finch - 11 October 1997]

BROOKLYN (2)
See OBDAM.

BROOKLYN CITY
See BROOKLYN.

BRUTON
See SICILIAN.

BUCKEYE STATE
See PRESIDENT TAFT (2) .

BUENOS AIRES
The "Buenos Aires" of 1906 was built in 1887 by William Denny & Bros. of Dumbarton, Scotland and belonged to Compania Trasatlantica Espanola of Spain. She was a 5021 gross ton vessel, length 410.6ft x beam 48.2ft, one funnel, three masts, single screw and a speed of 15 knots. There was accommodation for 160-1st, 48-2nd, and 1,000-3rd class passengers. She was launched in October 1887 and commenced her first trans-atlantic voyage from Genoa to Naples, Barcelona, Cadiz, New York, Havana and Vera Cruz on 17/3/1901. Her masts were later reduced to two and on 3/10/1931 she sailed on her last voyage from Barcelona to New York, Havana, back to New York [departing on 10/11/1931], Cadiz and Barcelona. In 1932 she was laid up at Port Mahon, Minorca due to the Spanish Civil War and was finally sold and scrapped at Barcelona in 1942. (at the ripe old age of 55!!) [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Ted Finch]

BUENOS AYREAN
The "Buenos Ayrean" was, as you say, an Allan Line vessel. Built in 1880 by Wm.Denny & Bros, Dumbarton, Scotland, she was a 4,005 gross ton vessel. Length 385.2ft x beam 42.2ft, one funnel, three masts, single screw and a speed of 12 knots. She had accommodation for 1-st and 3rd class passengers and was the first steel built North Atlantic steamer. Launched on 2/10/1879, she sailed from Glasgow on her maiden voyage to South America on 1/12/1879. On 31/3/1880 she commenced her first voyage from Glasgow to Halifax and Boston, and on 12/5/1880 started running between Glasgow, Quebec and Montreal. Between 1880 - 1895 she carried out one round voyage annually between Glasgow and S.America. In 1896, she was fitted with quadruple expansion engines and her masts reduced to two and on 30/9/1896 resumed the Glasgow - Quebec - Montreal service. On 12/2/1902 commenced a Glasgow - Philadelphia service and on 1/7/1902 a Glasgow - Boston service. She commenced her last voyage from Glasgow to Portland on 9/1/1909 and was then laid up at Gareloch. She was scrapped at Falmouth in 1911. [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Ted Finch - 15 September 1997]

Buenos Ayrean was the "ugly duckling" of the Allan Line fleet. She had a heavy superstructure and a straight stem but was the first steel steamer on the North Atlantic. Built in 1880, this ship was the first to be built of steel, not iron, thus enabling it to be lighter than the other ships in the fleet. Used on the Glasgow to Canada service, she arrived at Quebec May 13, 1880. The ship was scrapped in 1910. - [E-Mail from Marj Kohli - 10 Mar 1998]

BULIMBA
The "Bulimba" was a 2510 gross ton, 11 knot single screw steamer built in 1882 by A&J Inglis, Glasgow for the British India Steam Navigation Co. She commenced her first voyage on 1/1/1883 when she left London and sailed via Suez to Batavia and Brisbane. She commenced her last sailing on this service on 17/2/1891. In 1890 she transferred to the Australasian United Steam Navigation Co (a BISN subsidiary company) and in 1899 went back to BISN Co. She was sold in 1922 to Chinese owners - Eng Hup & Co. [North Star to Southern Cross by John M.Maber] - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 27 February 1998]

The "Bulimba" was built in 1881 by A&J.Inglis, Glasgow, and was a 2,510 gross ton ship, length 96,26m x beam 11,64m (315.8ft x 38.2ft), one funnel, two masts, single screw. There was accommodation for 37-1st amd 16-2nd class passengers. She could also carry 1,360 deck passengers. Launched for A.Gray & E.S.Dawes, she was operated by Associated Steamers for the London - Brisbane service. She started her maiden voyage from London, via Suez and Batavia to Brisbane on 1/1/1883, and in 1886 was registered as belonging to British India Associated Steamers. In 1890 she was transferred to Australasian United S.N.Co and started her last voyage between London and Brisbane on 17/2/1891. In 1899 she was again transferred to British India Steam Navigation Co and used on the Bombay - Persian Gulf service. She was hulked at Singapore in 1910 and in September 1914 was re-commisioned after the outbreak of the Great War. In December 1922 she was sold to Eng Hup, China and was scrapped the following year at Shanghai. [Merchant Fleets by Duncan Haws, vol.11, British India S.N.Co] [North Star to Southern Cross by John M.Maber] - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 25 April 1998]

BURDALE
See PELDALE.

BURGUNDIA
SS Burgundia, built in 1882 for the Fabre Line by S. & H. Morton & Co., Leith, Scotland. 2,817 tons; 328 feet long x 40 feet broad; straight bow, 1 funnel, 2 masts; iron construction, screw propulsion, service speed 11 knots. 15 February 1883, maiden voyage, Marseilles-Catania-Palermo-Naples-Gibraltar-New York. December 1905, sold; scrapped at Marseilles [Noel Reginald Pixell Bonsor,North Atlantic Seaway; An Illustrated History of the Passenger Services Linking the Old World with the New (Prescott, Lancashire: T. Stephenson & Sons., 1955), pp. 385 and 666].Pictured in Michael J. Anuta, Ships of Our Ancestors (Menominee, MI: Ships of Our Ancestors, 1983; reprint Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., [1993]), p. 38, courtesy of the Peabody Essex Museum [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Michael Palmer - 21 July 1997]

BYRON
The "Byron" built by A. Stephen & Sons, Glasgow in 1900 for the Furness Line as the "Loyalist" She was a 3909 gross ton vessel, length 371.6ft x beam 45.2ft, clipper stem, one funnel, two masts, single screw and a speed of 13 knots. Accommodation for 70-1st class, 24-2nd class and 48-3rd class passengers. Launched on 5/12/1900, she ran between London - Halifax - St John NB until 1902 when she was sold to Lamport & Holt Line who renamed her "Byron" and used her on their service between New York - Rio de Janeiro - Santos -Montevideo - Buenos Aires. I can find no evidence of it, but it is quite possible that she also called at Trinidad. She stayed on this service until 1922, when she was sold to a Chilean company and renamed "Santigo". She was scrapped in Italy in 1933. [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Ted Finch]