TABINTA
Built by Nederlandsche Scheepsbouw Mij, Amsterdam (engines by Werkspoor, Amsterdam) in 1930 for the Nederland Line, this was a 8,156 gross ton ship, length 469ft x beam 62.2ft, one funnel, three masts, single screw and a speed of 15 knots. Launched on 21/3/1930, she was chartered to the Netherlands Government in 1948, who had established a line of emigrant ships to cope with the large scale level of emigration after the war. She made her first voyage from Rotterdam to Quebec in April 1948 and made a total of five round voyages to Quebec in 1948, plus four more in 1949. In July 1949 she made a single round voyage from Holland to New York. She was scrapped at Hong Kong in 1961 [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P. Bonsor, vol.4, p.1687] - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 11 July 1998]
TACOMA
See BATAVIA.
TAINUI
See ASTORIA.
TAM O'SHANTER
The bark TAM O' SHANTER, 270 tons, was built in Workington in 1836. Lloyd's Register for 1848 states that her master at that time was "Marienbg", she was owned by "Fisher & S", she was registered at Liverpool, last surveyed at Liverpool, and her destined voyage was to Sydney. This is the only reference to a voyage to Australia made by this vessel: she was normally employed in the North American, Caribbean, or South American trade. She last appears in Lloyd's Register for 1859, A.Thomas, master, belonging to "Longton &", registered at Liverpool, last surveyed at Galway, no destined voyage given. The Register does not give an indication of her fate, but 23 years is close to the average expected lifespan of a long-distance wooden sailing trading vessel of the mid-19th century. If you wish to explore the possibility that the TAM O' SHANTER was wrecked, start with the following works:1. Charles Hocking, Dictionary of disasters at sea during the age of steam; including sailing ships and ships of war lost in action, 1824-1962 (2 vols.; London: London Stamp Exchange, 1989).2. Richard and Bridget Larn, Shipwreck index of the British Isles (London: Lloyd's Register of Shipping, 1995ff.). [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Michael Palmer]
TAMPICO
The "Tampico" was built in 1854 as the "Imperador" by John Laird, Birkenhead for the South American & General Steam Navigation Co.of Liverpool. She was a 1,700 gross ton ship, length 265ft x beam 36.5ft, clipper stem, one funnel, three masts, iron construction, single screw and a speed of 10 knots. When built, she had passenger accommodation for 160-1st plus 2nd and 3rd class passengers. Launched on 13/7/1854, she sailed from Liverpool on 24/10/1854 on her maiden voyage to Lisbon, Madeira, Pernambuco, Bahia, Rio de Janeiro and return via the same ports, arriving at Liverpool on 4/1/1855. She was then fitted out as a troop transport for the Crimean War. In 1862 she was sold to the French company, Compagnie Generale Transatlantique (French Line), renamed "Tampico" and on 12/8/1866 commenced her first voyage from Havre to New York, Vera Cruz and Havre. She commenced her second and last round voyage on this route on 11/5/1867 and in 1869-70 was fitted with compound engines by John Elder, Glasgow. She was renamed "Guadeloupe" and ran for the same company until 1889, when she was sold to Norwegian owners and renamed "Sorrento". In Aug.1890 she foundered in the North Sea. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.2, p.652] [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 26 November 1997]
TANGANJIKA
The "Tanganjika" was built by Blohm & Voss, Hamburg in 1922 for the German East Africa Line. She was a 8,540 gross ton ship, length 449.1ft x beam 58.3ft, one funnel, two masts, single screw and a speed of 14 knots. She could carry 449 passengers and had a crew of 154. Used by German East Africa Line from 1922 to 1935, she was then acquired by Hamburg America Line and on 30/6/1936 transferred to Woermann Line of Hamburg. I have no record of what services she was employed on. From 1939 she was used as a depot ship at Wilhelmshaven and on 4/11/1943 was sunk by bombs. In August 1947 she was raised and broken up at Dover. [ Merchant Fleets by Duncan Haws, vol.4, Hamburg America Line] [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 10 December 1997]
TANNENBURG
The "Tannenburg" was a 5,504 gross ton ship, built in 1934 by Stettiner Oderwerke, Stettin. Her details were - length 398ft x beam 51ft, one funnel, two masts, twin screw and a speed of 21 knots. She could carry 1,000 passengers but had only a few cabins. She was used by Deutsches Reichsverkehr Ministerium for Baltic Sea excursion work out of Travemunde, and managed by Hamburg America Line. In 1940 she was converted to a minelayer and on July 7th 1941 was mined and sunk near Oland. [Merchant Fleets by Duncan Haws, vol.4, Hamburg America Line] - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 4 February 1998]
TAORMIN
See TAORMINA (1).
TAORMINA (1)
The "Taormina" was an iron built ship, launched by A.Stephen & Sons of Glasgow on 12.3.1884 for the German Sloman Line which later became the Union Line. She was a vessel of 2422 gross tons, length 320ft x beam 38.7ft, straight stem, one funnel, three masts, single screw and a speed of 11 knots. Accommodation for 600-3rd class passengers only. She made her maiden voyage from Hamburg to New York on 14.7.1886. and continued on this service until leaving Hamburg on her last trip on 13.3.1901. In 1911 she became the Italian "Taormin" and on 18.1.1917. was torpedoed and sunk by the German submarine UC.16, 60 miles from Fowey, Cornwall. [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Ted Finch - 18 August 1997]
TAORMINA (2)
The "Taormina" was a 8282 gross ton vessel built in 1908 by D & W Henderson Ltd. of Glasgow for the Italian Company, Italia Soc. di Navigazione a Vapore (Italia Line). Her dimensions were 482ft length x 58.3ft beam, one funnel, two masts, twin screw, speed 16 knots. There was accommodation for 60-1st class and 2500-3rd class passengers. She made her maiden voyage from Genoa - Naples - New York - Philadelphia on 3.9.1908. In 1909 accommodation for 120 1st class passengers was added and in 1910 she was altered again to carry 60 1st,and 120 2nd class. On 16.12.1911 she made her last voyage on the NY - Philadelphia run, was taken over by Lloyd Italiano in 1912 and put on the Genoa - Naples - NY service. In 1918 she came under the control of Navigazione Generale Italiana and in 1919 was put on the Genoa - Marseilles - NY service and made her last voyage Genoa - Naples - NY on 8.8.1923. Resumed the same service in 1927 for one round voyage and was scrapped at Savona, Italy in 1929. [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Ted Finch - 5 August 1997]
TARASCON
The TARASCON was a side-wheel packet, built at Jeffersonville, Indiana, by Howard, 1863. 250 x 38 x 6 ft (length x beam x depth of hold); wood hull; engines, inside diameter of cylinder 22 in, length of piston stroke 7 1/2 ft. Built for the Louisville & Henderson Mail Line. 5 December 1863, left the shipyard for Evansville; 22 December at Evansville, on her way to the Tennessee River, where, with other vessels, she carried Gen. A. J. Smith's army to New Orleans. About 25 February 1864, traveled from New Orleans to Lake Pontchartrain. After the surrender of Mobile in April 1865, the TARASCON was sent to ply the Alabama River. Fall 1865, returned to Evansville. 1866, Capt. J. A. Lusk, J. M. Pendleton, clerk, in the Louisville - Memphis trade, but soon reverted to the Louisville - Evansville trade. 1870, Capt. William Strong, H. L. Bonta and A. Jennings, clerks. 12 September 1875, sank in shallow water, two miles below Salt River; raised. 1876, Capt. David Penny, C. V. Jennings and W. W. Huston, clerks. Fall 1877, retired when the JAMES GUTHRIE was put into service; dismantled at Jeffersonville in the summer of 1879. The whistle of the TARASCON is said to have been "appropriated" at New Orleans from an Italian freighter by the crew of the steamer EUGENE, after whose wreck (14 November 1862) it was installed on the steamer HETTIE GILMORE, from whom it was transferred to the TARASCON in December 1863. According to the oft-repeated story, while the TARASCON was in New Orleans in early 1864, the pilot blew her whistle. which was recognized by the crew of the Italian freighter, which was (either still, or, more probably, again) in the port. The master of the Italian vessel demanded that the whistle be returned, and after some heated argument the case was referred, by mutual agreement, to the French consul, who ruled in favor of the TARASCON on the grounds that the whistle had been salvaged from an abandoned wreck (i.e., of the EUGENE). The whistle henceforth became a valuable symbol to the Louisville & Henderson Mail Line, and was transferred to the JAMES GUTHRIE when she was put into service in 1877, and later, in turn, to the TELL CITY, the NASHVILLE, and the SOUTHLAND. The whistle was lost when the SOUTHLAND was destroyed by fire in 1932 [ Frederick Way, Jr., Way's Packet Directory, 1848-1994; Passenger Steamboats of the Mississippi River System Since the Advent of Photography in Mid-Continent America (revised edition; Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Press, 1994), pp. 444-445, packet #5309]. [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Michael Palmer - 16 December 1997]
TARIFA
The "Tarifa" of 1869 was built for the British & North American Royal Mail Steam Packet Co. which later became Cunard Steamship Co. She was an iron built ship launched on 12.1.1865 by J & G Thomson of Glasgow. She was 2058 gross tons, length 292.5ft x beam 38.2ft, clipper stem, one funnel, two masts, single screw and a speed of 11 knots. There was accommodation for 50-1st and 650-3rd class passengers. She made her maiden voyage on 22.7.1865 from Liverpool to New York and then, from 1865 - 1871 sailed mostly between Liverpool, Queenstown and NY, often with stops at Boston. Transferred on 11.4.1871 to the Liverpool - Queenstown - Boston service until making her last trip on 31.7.1873. Subsequently mostly Liverpool - Mediterranean service. Her engines were compounded in 1879 and she made her last N.Atlantic voyage on 8.11.1888 from Liverpool - Queenstown - Boston and was sold and broken up in Italy in 1899. [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Ted Finch - 15 August 1997]
TARTAR PRINCE
TARTAR PRINCE - 3,272 tons. 104.44 x 13.16 meters (342.7 x 43.2 feet). Clipper bow, 1 funnel 2 masts. Single-screw 3-cylinder triple expansion engine, 12 knots. Built by Short Bros., Sunderland (engines by Blair & Co. Ltd., Stockton). January 1895, launched for South American service. 26 September 1895, maiden voyage - London-Montevideo-Rosario-Buenos Aires. 27 February 1897, last South American Voyage - London-Montevideo -Rosario-Buenos Aires-New York-Newcastle. 10 November 1897, first voyage Newcastle-New York. 30 November 1897, first voyage New York-Naples-Genoa-Leghorn. 3 January 1898, Leghorn-Genoa-Naples-New York. 11 June 1902, last voyage Leghorn-Genoa-Naples-Palermo-New York. 25 November 1902, destroyed by fire on voyage New York-South Africa. [N.R.P. Bonsor, North Atlantic Seaway, p. 1233 and N.R.P. Bonsor, South Atlantic Seaway, p. 339] [Posted to both Ships Lists by Louis Alfano - 9 October 1997]
TASMANIA
See ANNA SALEN.
TASSO (1)
The "Tasso" was a Wilson Line ship (the first of 5 ships with this name owned by the company) and sailed between Scandinavian and Baltic ports and Hull, UK. She was built by T.Wingate at Lanark, Scotland in 1852 as the "Scandinavian" and was a 610 gross ton ship, length 184.5ft x beam 23ft. She was renamed "Tasso" in 1870 and was wrecked on 14/3/1886 in Bommel fjord near Bergen, Norway with no loss of life. [ The Wilson Line by A.G.Credland & M.Thompson] [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Ted Finch - 14 December 1997]
TASSO (2)
The "Tasso" was built in 1890 by Earle's of Hull for the Wilson Line who were mainly North Sea and Baltic traders. She was a 1328 gross ton vessel, length 250ft x beam 32ft. She was sold in 1911 to W.Morphy of Hull and resold in 1913 to Greek owners who renamed her "Elefis". She foundered between Corsica and Elba on 25.12.1920. [The Wilson Line of Hull 1830 - 1981 by A.G.Credland and M.Thompson] [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 26 October 1997]
TEL AVIV
See MARTHA WASHINGTON.
TELEGRAPH
"In 1853, Smith and Haws, of St John New Brunswick, built the ship TELEGRAPH, 1118 tons, for N.S. DeMill, who sold her to James Kirk and W. H. Furness of Liverpool and a London shipbroker, Five years later the ship was owned in Newry whence she was sold to Dublin in 1872. She was reported lost in February, 1875."[Saint John Ships and Their Builders by Esther Clark Wright.] - {Posted to The ShipsList by Gery Swiggum - 18 January 1998]
TEMERARIO
See FRISIA.
TENEDOS
See ITALIA (2).
TENNESSEE
The TENNESSEE was a wooden side-wheel steamer built by William H. Webb, New York, for the Savanna Steam Navigation Co; keel laid 20 June 1848, launched 25 October 1848. 1,275 1/95 tons; 211 ft 10 in x 35 ft 8 in x 22 ft (length x beam x depth of hold); 2 decks, 3 masts, round stern, billethead; draft 12 ft; side-lever engine built by Novelty Iron Works; diameter of cylinder 6 ft 3 in, length of stroke 8 ft; diameter of paddle wheels 31 ft; 239 nominal horsepower, turning the wheels at approximately 15 rpm; fuel consumption 2,400 lbs of anthracite coal per hour; barkentine rigged; built with accommodations for 200 passengers, but enlarged in October/November 1849 (including the addition of an extra deck over the original houses from just aft of the forecastle all the way to the stern) to carry 200 cabin and 350 steerage passengers.Intended for service between New York and Savannah. 21 March1849, maiden voyage, New York-Savannah. October 1849, purchased by the Pacific Mail Steamship Co for $200,000, and sailed for San Francisco 6 December 1849; arrived at Panama 11 March 1850, 95 days (57 days' running time) from New York, via Rio de Janeiro andValparaiso, and reached San Francisco 14 April 1850, with 551passengers, the largest number recorded on a single vessel to that date. Operated for the Pacific Mail Steamship Co between Panama and San Francisco until she went aground in a dense fog at Tagus Beach, Bolinas Bay, about four miles north of the entrace to San Francisco Bay, on 6 March 1853; her passengers, mail, and baggage were saved, but the vessel broke up [John Haskell Kemble, The Panama Route, 1848-1869, University of California Publications in History, 29 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1943), p. 248; Cedric Ridgely-Nevitt, American Steamships on the Atlantic (Newark: University of Delaware Press, c1981), pp. 110-114]. There is considerable pictorial material on the TENNESSEE, as she is the first "completely successful" American-built ocean steamship for which plans survive. These plans were published by William H. Webb himself in his Plans of Wooden Vessels (2 vols.; New York: privately printed and distributed by the author, ca. 1895); the original plans are among Webb's papers at the Webb Institute for Nautical Architecture. [Posted to The Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Michael Palmer - 14 December 1997]
TEREK
See COLUMBIA (5) .
TERENCE
The "Terence" was a 4,309 gross ton ship belonging to the Lamport & Holt Line of Liverpool. Built by D & W Henderson Ltd, Glasgow, she had a length of 390.2ft x beam 50.2ft, one funnel, two masts, single screw and a speed of 11 knots. Launched on 22/4/1902, she sailed on her maiden voyage from the Clyde to Rio de Janeiro on 10/6/1902. On 26/4/1917 she was torpedoed and sunk by a German submarine near Fastnet. [South Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, p.97] - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 23 January 1998]
TEUTONIA (1)
The "Teutonia" was built by Caird & Co, Greenock for the Hamburg-Brazilian Line in 1856. She was a 2,693 gross ton ship, length 282.1ft x beam 39.4ft, clipper stem, one funnel, three masts (barque rigged for sails), iron construction, single screw and a speeed of 10 knots. Launched on 4/8/1856, she was bought by Hamburg America Line on 21/10/1858 and commenced her first voyage for this company on 15/7/1859 when she sailed from Hamburg for Southampton and New York. In Nov.1867 she started seasonal sailings between Hamburg and New Orleans. On 31/5/1870 she left Hamburg on her last voyage to Havre and New York and subsequently ran between Hamburg and the West Indies. In 1872 she was fitted with compound engines and in 1877 was sold to the Dominion Line. She started her first voyage for this company on 13/3/1877 when she left Liverpool for New Orleans and on 22/8/1878 commenced the first of several voyages between Liverpool, Quebec and Montreal. In 1883 she was sold to other British owners and in 1884 went to Francesco Costa of Italy who renamed her "Regina". In 1889 she was renamed "Piemontese" and in 1890 became the "Citta di Savona". In 1891 she was sold to Schiaffino and named either "Mentana" or "Montana" and in `1894 was scrapped at Spezia. [ North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1, p.388] [ Merchant Fleets by Duncan Haws, vol.4, Hamburg America Line] [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 13 December 1997]
TEUTONIA (2)
(Of 1900) See PRINCESS ALICE.
TEUTONIC
The "Teutonic" was a 9,984 gross ton ship, built in 1889 by Harland & Wolff, Belfast for the White Star Line. Her details were - length 565.8ft x beam 57.8ft, two funnels, three masts, twin screw and a speed of 19 knots. There was passenger accommodation for 300-1st, 190-2nd and 1,000-3rd class. Launched on 19th Jan.1889, she sailed from Liverpool for Spithead on 1st Aug. to take part in the Naval Review, and was the first Armed Merchant Cruiser. On 7th Aug.1889 she commenced her maiden voyage from Liverpool to Queenstown (Cobh) and New York. In Aug.1891 she made a record passage of 5 days 16 hrs 31mins between Queenstown and Sandy Hook, and commenced her last Liverpool - Queenstown - New York voyage on 15th May 1907. On 12th Jun.1907 she started Southampton - Cherbourg - New York sailings and commenced her last voyage on this service on 19th Apr.1911. Transferred to the Liverpool - Quebec - Montreal service on 13th May 1911 with accommodation for 550-2nd and 1,000-3rd class passengers. On 20th Sep.1914 she was requisitioned as an Armed Merchant Cruiser and served with the 10th Cruiser Squadron. On 16th Aug.1915 she was purchased by the British Admiralty and became a troopship in 1918. Laid up at Cowes, Isle of Wight in 1921 and was scrapped later the same year at Emden. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P. Bonsor, vol.2, p.759] - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 15 October 1998]
THAMES CITY
According to Lloyd's Register for 1857 through 1865, the sailing ship THAMES CITY was built under special survey in Sunderland, England, in 1856: 557 tons, 142.0 x 29.5 x 17.5 feet (length x beam x depth of hold). Her master was J. Glover, she was owned by "R'nthwte" (a name I do not recognize), and registered in Sunderland. Only the Register volumes for 1857 and 1858 give a destined voyage; in both cases, this is to India. The entry for the THAMES CITY in the Register for 1865 is hand-stamped "wrecked". I cannot find any reference to this wreck in Palmer's Index to the Times (London), but the ship was not an important one. [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Michael Palmer - 18 August 1997]
THANEMORE
See. CITY OF ANTWERP.
THEMIS
See STERLING (1) .
THEMISTOCLES
The "Themistocles" was built in 1911 by Harland & Wolff, Belfast for the Aberdeen Line (Geo.Thompson & Co.). She was an 11,231 gross ton ship, twin screw with a speed of 15 knots and accommodation for 100-1st and 400-3rd class passengers. She commenced service on 16/2/1911 when she left London for Capetown, Melbourne and Sydney. In 1914 she became a troop transport and on 2/7/1920 resumed London - Capetown - Sydney and Brisbane sailings. In September 1928 she transferred to Liverpool - Capetown - Sydney - Brisbane and in 1932 was taken over, with the remainder of Aberdeen Line's assets by Shaw Saville & Albion Line. On 30/6/1932 she resumed the same service for her new owners and continued on this route until 1946 when she was laid up in the River Blackwater. In August 1947 she was broken up at Dalmuir. [North Star to Southern Cross by John M.Maber] - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 12 February 1998]
THEODORA
See PHILIP DODRIDGE.
THERESE CHARLOTTE
See MINONA.
THESSALONIKI
The "Thessaloniki" was built by Workman, Clark & Co Ltd, Belfast in 1889 for the City Line. She was a 4,682 gross ton ship, length 421.3ft x beam 46.7ft, one funnel, three masts, single screw and a speed of 12 knots. There was accommodation for 50-1st, 50-2nd and 1,900-3rd class passengers. Launched on 7/12/1889 as the "City of Vienna", she sailed for the City Line except for a period starting May 1906 when she was chartered to the Allan Line and completed three round voyages between Glasgow, Liverpool and Philadelphia. In 1914 she was sold to the National Greek Line and renamed "Thessaloniki". She commenced her first voyage for these owners on 16/2/1914 when she left Piraeus for Kalamata, Patras, Palermo and New York. On 24/11/1915 she sailed from Piraeus for New York but called for assistance on 22nd December with disabled engines. The National Greek Line vessel "Patris" attempted unsuccesfully to tow her to port, and she was eventually scuttled on 5/1/1916 when 350 miles east of Sandy Hook. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1, p.323; vol.4, p.1416] - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 11 March 1998]
THINGVALLA
Thingvalla was build by danish warf Burmeister & Wain, Cph. and launched October 1874 to "Dampskibsselskabet" (=Steamship comapny) for their East Asia Lines. Originally rigged as a barque, later probably as a barquetine...
A model is placed on the Museum of Trade and Sea on castle Kronborg (yes, Hamlet, Elsinore etc.) north of Copenhagen.
On 14 August 1888, the outward (New York) bound Thingvalla collided with the homeward (Copenhagen) bound Geiser. The Thingvalla was seriously damaged (the Geiser sank, with the loss of 105 lives), but after transferring her 455 passengers to the Hamburg American liner Wieland, was able to proceed under her own steam to Halifax for repairs. After being repaired she resumed service and continued to sail for the Thingvalla Line, and its successor, the Scandinavian-American Line, until she was sold in 1900. [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by John Thomsen - 20 June 1997]
The "Thingvalla," belonging to the Danish Thingvalla Line, was a 2,524 gross ton ship, built by Burmeister & Wain, Copenhagen in 1874. Her details were - length 300.7ft x beam 37.2ft, one funnel, three masts, iron construction, single screw and a speed of 10 knots. There was passenger accommodation for 50-1st, 50-2nd and 900-3rd class. Launched in Oct.1874, for the "Sailing & Steamship Co of 1873" of Copenhagen, there is no evidence that she was used as a passenger ship before being bought by the Thingvalla Line in 1880. She commenced her first voyage for these owners in April 1880 when she sailed from Copenhagen to Newcastle and New York. On 14/8/1888 she collided with and sank the Thingvalla Line vessel "Geiser" with the loss of 105 lives. On 19/5/1890 she was slightly damaged in collision with an iceberg and on 15/9/1898 sailed from Stettin on her last voyage to Copenhagen, Christiania, Christiansand and New York. In 1898 she went to the Scandinavian American Line and on 9/11/1898 commenced her first voyage for these owners from Copenhagen to Christiania, Christiansand and New York. On 26/5/1900 she commenced her last voyage from Stettin to Copenhagen, Christiania, Christiansand and New York. She was sold to Norwegian owners the same year and in September 1903, stranded at Torgfjord, was sold and scrapped. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.3,p.1050] The ship was named after the field in Iceland where the old assemblies of the people were held according to Norse custom and usage, and where resolutions were passed for the benefit of their commonwealth. The year 1874 when the "Thingvalla" was built marked the 10th centenary of settlement in Iceland. [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 13 January 1998]
THURINGIA
Built by Caird & Co, Greenock in 1870 for the Hamburg America Line, this was a 3,133 gross ton ship, length 350.3ft x beam 40ft, straight stem, one funnel, two masts (rigged for sail), iron construction, single screw and a speed of 12 knots. There was capacity for 102-1st, 136-2nd and 620-3rd class passengers. She was one of a class of seven near-sister ships. Launched on 18/5/1870, she sailed from Hamburg on her maiden voyage to New York on 27/10/1870. She continued on this service until commencing her last Hamburg - Havre - New York voyage on 12/5/1875, and was then laid up. In 1878 she was sold to the Russian Volunteer Fleet and renamed "Petersburg". Renamed "St Petersburg" in 1892, she was transferred to the Imperial Russian Navy in 1893, renamed "Berezan", rebuilt as a minelayer and stationed in the Black Sea. Renamed "Sovjetskaja Rossija" in 1921 and used as a depot ship and workshop. Bonsor states that she was still in service in 1939 and was probably lost during World War II, whereas Duncan Haws says that she was broken up in 1925. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P. Bonsor, vol.1, p.390] [Merchant Fleets by Duncan Haws, vol.4, Hamburg America Line, p.34] - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 22 July 1998]
TIDEWATER
See CONTINENTAL.
TIRIMUJGHIAN
See DRESDEN (2).
TOSCANA
The "Toscana" was a 4113 gross ton vessel built in 1900 by N. Odero & Co, Genoa for Italia Societa di Navigazione a Vapore [Italia Line]. Her dimensions were Length 110,69m x beam 13,25m, one funnel, two masts, single screw and a speed of 12 knots. There was accommodation for 42-1st class and 1,320-3rd class passengers. Launched on 26/10/1900 she sailed from Genoa on her first voyage to Buenos Aires on 4/11/1900. In 1917 she came under the ownership of Transoceanica and ran between Genoa, Naples and South America. On 5/2/1918 she was in collision with the French vessel "Moliere" near Gibralter and was sunk. [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Ted Finch - 10 September 1997]
TRANSBALT
See BELGRAVIA (2) .
TRANSINDIANA
See GENERAL W.C.LANGFITT.
TRANSYLVANIA
SS.Transylvania Anchor Line, built at Clyde (Fairfield yard) in service 1925-1940 17000 tons, 552x70 ft. 3 funnels 2 masts 16 knots...264 1st class berths, 458 2nd,620 3rd...requisitioned by the Admiralty Sep 1939 as armed merchant cruiser...sunk by U.56 on Aug 10, 1940 off west coast of Scotland. [Posted to both "Ships" lists by Paul Petersen - 21 November 1997]
The "Transylvania" of 1926 was laid down in 1919 (Duncan Haws states 1923) but wasn't launched until 11/3/1925. She was built by Fairfield & Co.Ltd.Glasgow for the Anchor Line of Glasgow and was a 16,923 gross ton vessel, length 552.4ft x beam 70.3ft, three funnels, two masts, twin screw and a speed of 16 knots. There was accommodation for 279-1st, 344-2nd and 800-3rd class passengers. She sailed from Glasgow on her maiden voyage for Moville and New York on 12/9/1925. On 22/11/1928 she stood by the sinking German freighter "Herrenwijk" of the Lubeck Line for 15 hours in tempestuous seas. Launched lifeboats and a raft were smashed against the hull until eventually the "Estonia" of the East Asiatic Co. stood to the lee of the larger "Transylvania" and took off 5 men and rescued a further 8 men from the sea when the "Herrenwijk" sank, but 13 men drowned. On 28/3/1929 the "Transylvania" grounded in fog, on La Coeque Rocks, 10 miles west of Cherbourg. She refloated and disembarked her passengers at Cherbourg, and then proceeded to the Clyde for builder's repairs. She didn't resume service until June of that year. In Oct.1930, she was altered to carry 1st, tourist and 3rd class passengers and in March 1936 to carry cabin, tourist and 3rd class. In 1935 she carried out summer cruises to Bermuda and in 1937 was reconditioned, her third class accommodation was remodelled and her speed increased to 17 knots. Between 1937 and 1939 she made summer cruises to the West Indies. On 18/8/1939 she commenced her last voyage from Glasgow - Moville - New York - Moville - Glasgow and on Sept.7th 1939 was requisitioned and refitted as an Armed Merchant Cruiser and attached to the 10th Cruiser squadron. On 10/8/1940 she was torpedoed by the German submarine U-56, 35 miles west of Inistrahull, Northern Ireland and although taken in tow, she sank with the loss of 48 lives. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1, p.470] [Merchant Fleets by Duncan Haws, vol.9 Anchor Line] [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 21 November 1997]
TRAVANCORE
See AUGUSTA.
TRAVE
The "Trave" was built by Fairfield & Co, Glasgow in 1886 for Norddeutscher Lloyd [ North German Lloyd]. She was a 4969 gross ton vessel, length 438ft x beam 48.1ft, two funnels, four masts, single screw and a speed of 17 knots. There was accommodation for 150-1st, 90-2nd and 1,000-3rd class passengers. Launched on 18/2/1886, she sailed from Bremen on her maiden voyage to New York on 5/6/1886. In 1896/7 she was refitted and two of her masts removed and on 29/1/1901 she left Bremen on her last voyage to New York. She was them transferred to the Genoa - Naples - New York run on 20/3/1901 and commenced her last voyage on 23/4/1903. Between 1903-1906 she was laid up and on 11/3/1906 resumed the Bremen - New York service. She made nine round voyages on this service, the last one commencing 26/10/1907 and was then sold and scrapped in 1909. [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Ted Finch - 12 September 1997]
The steamship TRAVE was built by Fairfield Co Ltd, Glasgow, for Norddeutscher Lloyd, and launched on 18 February 1886. 4,969 tons; 133,50 x 14,66 meters (438 x 48.1 feet, length x beam); straight bow, 2 funnels, 4 masts; steel construction, screw propulsion, service speed 17 knots; passenger accommodation: 150 1st-, 90 2nd-, and 1,000 steerage- class. 5 June 1886, maiden voyage, Bremen-Southampton-New York. 1896-97, refitted; masts reduced to 2. 29 January 1901, last voyage, Bremen-Southampton-New York. 20 March 1901, first voyage, Genoa-Naples-New York. 23 April 1903, last voyage, Genoa-Naples-New York. 1903-1906, laid up. 11 March 1906, resumed Bremen-New York service. 26 October 1907, last voyage, Bremen-New York (9 roundtrip voyages). 1908, sold; 1909, scrapped [Noel Reginald Pixell Bonsor, North Atlantic Seaway; An Illustrated History of the Passenger Services Linking the Old World with the New (2nd ed.; Jersey, Channel Islands: Brookside Publications), vol. 2 (1978), p. 553]. Pictured in Michael J. Anuta, Ships of Our Ancestors (Menominee, MI: Ships of Our Ancestors, 1983), p. 327, courtesy of Mystic Seaport Museum, 50 Greenmanville Ave., Mystic, CT.06355-0990. For additional information on the TRAVE, including pictures, see the following: 1.Arnold Kludas, Die Seeschiffe des Norddeutschen Lloyd, Bd. 1: 1857 bis 1919 (Herford: Koehler, c1991). 2. Edwin Drechsel, Norddeutscher Lloyd Bremen, 1857-1970; History, Fleet, Ship Mails (2 vols.; Vancouver: Cordillera Pub. Co., c1994-c1995). [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Michael Palmer - 18 November 1997]
TRETI KRABOLOV
See MONMOUTH.
TRIGONIA
See MARINULA.
TRIUMPH
The "Triumph" was built in 1880 by Sir Raylton Dixon & Co, Middlesborough for McIntyre Bros & Co. She was a 2,749 gross ton, iron built steamer with a speed of 12 knots. She instituted a new service in September 1883 between London, Plymouth, Auckland and Wellington for Shaw Savill & Albion, carrying 2nd class and emigrant passengers and cargo. She had a brief career, for on 29th November shortly after leaving Auckland for Wellington, she stranded on Tiri Tiri Island in Hauraki Gulf. She was refloated six weeks later with great difficulty, repaired at Auckland and sold.[North Star to Southern Cross by John M.Maber] It is doubtful if photos exist of this ship. - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 26 July 1998]
TROJAN PRINCE
"Trojan Prince" of 1897-1917. She was built by J. Redhead & Sons of South Shields in 1896 for the British "Prince Line"She was a 3273 gross ton vessel, length 351.4ft x beam 44.6ft, clipper stem, one funnel, three masts, single screw and a speed of 10 knots. Accommodation was provided for 40-1st class and 1,260-3rd class passengers. She was launched for the South American service on 14/5/1896 and sailed from London on her maiden voyage to Montevideo, Rosario, and Buenos Aires on 30/7/1896. She commenced her first North Atlantic run on 25/9/1897 when she sailed from New York to Naples, Genoa, Leghorn, Genoa, Naples and New York. On 25/5/1903 she started her last voyage from Genoa to Leghorn, Naples, Palermo, Gibralter (for repairs to a damaged propeller) and finally arrived at New York on 7/7/1903. On 23/2/1917 she was torpedoed and sunk by a German submarine, 5 miles NW of Port Shershel. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor vol.3, p.1233] [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Ted Finch - 6 October 1997]
TROMP
See DE RUYTER .
TROY
The"Troy" arrived at the port of New York July 13,1839 from Liverpool, England. This ship was built in 1834 in New York, the builder was "Brown & Bell", the owners were a family named "Macy". It was renamed "Aristides" when sold foreign prior to 1858. [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Brian - 18 October 1997]
TUNG LONG
See DELFTDYKE.
TUNGUE
See ZIETEN.
TUNISIAN
The "Tunisian" was a 10,576 gross ton ship built by A.Stephen & Sons, Glasgow in 1900 for the Allan Line. Her details were - length 500.6ft x beam 59.2ft, one funnel, two masts, twin screw and a speed of 16 knots. There was accommodation for 240-1st, 220-2nd and 1,000-3rd class passengers. Launched on 17/1/1900, she sailed from Liverpool on her maiden voyage to Halifax and Portland on 5/4/1900. She commenced her first voyage Liverpool - Quebec - Montreal on 10/5/1900. In Jan.1907 she was chartered to Canadian Pacific who used her for four round voyages Liverpool - St.John.NB. On 4/9/1914 she commenced her last voyage Liverpool - Quebec - Montreal for the Allan Line, and was used as a troopship for the Canadian Expeditionary Force on the homeward leg. Between Nov.1914 and Feb.1915 she was used as an accommodation ship for German prisoners at Ryde, Isle of Wight and in 1915 made several trooping voyages to Bombay and Gallipoli. In 1917 she was returned to the Allan Line, who by then had been taken over by Canadian Pacific and on 12/11/1918 commenced her first peacetime voyage from London to St.John.NB. On 23/12/1918 she sailed on her first Liverpool - St.John.NB. voyage and on 23/9/1919 her first London - Quebec - Montreal run. Between May 1920 and March 1921 she was converted from coal to oil fuel and her accommodation altered to carry 310-cabin and 736-3rd class passengers. On 6/4/1921 she sailed on her first Glasgow - St.John,NB. voyage and on 2/3/1922 was renamed "Marburn". On 17/11/1922 she commenced her first Liverpool - St.John,NB. voyage, on 2/3/1923 her first Glasgow - St.John,NB. and on 13/12/1924 her first Antwerp - St.John,NB. voyage. Subsequently she ran between Hamburg, Glasgow, Antwerp or London to St.John,NB. or Montreal - Quebec. She commenced her final voyage between Antwerp - Southampton - St.John,NB. on 6/4/1928 and was then laid up at Southampton. Later the same year, she was scrapped at Genoa. [Posted to TheShipsList by Ted Finch - 23 October 1997]
TUSCANIA (1)
"S.S. Tuscania" - Location - Lat/lon: 55 25' 00" N 06 13' 00" W. Description - 7 miles north of Rathlin Ireland Lighthouse Construction - Type: British Passanger Steam Ship Built: 1914 Shipyard: Alexander Stephens & Sons, Ltd. at Linthouse, Govan Dimensions - Size: 14,000 tonnes Length: 567 feet m Beam: Brasdth 66 feet 6 inches m. History - Sunk: February 5, 1918 Cause: Torpedoed amidship Starboard side (Boiler room) Access restrictions - Owner: The Anchor Line owned the ship in 1918 Notes: This information is research information in which I have collected, in oing my family History. This is the true story of the S.S. Tuscania. The first ship takeing American troops to Europe to be torpedoed and sunk by a German Submarine in the first World War. The Tuscania was the largest and finest ship of the Anchor line. She was built in 1914, and on her maiden voyage arrived at New York on February 16, 1915.She sailed from New York, returning to Glasgow, Scotland on February 20, and left the port again on March 20. There after she continues sailings between New York and British ports as a passanger and supply ship. The Tuscania was a ship of striking and imposing appearance. Her length was 567 feet, her breadth 66 feet 6 inches, and depth 45 feet. She had a gross tonage of 14,000 tons and a displacement of 20,000 tons. She had accomadations for 2,500 passengers - 350 first class, 150 secound class, and 2000 third class. She was built by Alexander Stephens & Sons, Ltd., at Linthouse, Govan. The Liner was modern in every particular. The first class public rooms were on the promenade "A" deck, and consisted of a writing room, lounge room, smoking room, gymnasium, and veranda cafe. The special accommodations for secound class passengers were on the shelter deck at the after end of the bridge. The third class passengers dining saloon and the galley, pantry, and scullery were in the main deck amidships. The Tuscania's life saving apparatus was ample. It complied with all the requirements of the International Conference for the Safety of Life at Sea, the number of Lifeboats being fifty. These were of the most approved pattern. For the carrying of heavy cargoes she was especially fitted with steam winches. With her sister ship, the Transylvania, the Tuscania had the first installations of geared turbines to be fitted into transatlantic ships. She was propelled by twin screws, each driven by turbines of the Parsons type, working through reduction gearing. The gear wheels were ten feet in diameter and five feet broad, and were driven by two turbines working in series and running at 1,500 revolutions a minute. A special turbine astern was arranged so that even if both the main turbines became disabled the vessel could proceed with her twin screws running. The auxillary machinery of the ship included three independent electric generators, evaporators of a combined capacity of 100 tons of fresh water a day, and a large installations of refrigerating machinery. Steam for the Tuscania was supplied by six large double ended Scotch boilers, working under natural draught at a pressure of 200 pounds to the square inch. My research evolves around the 6th Battlion 20th Engineers, although other troops were on board the day of the disaster. 6 April 1917 The United States declared war on Germany. 7 December 1917, The formation of the 6th Battalion, 20th Engineers was ordered to be organized . The formation began at Ft. Meyer, Va., The War Department made the rapid formation of forestry troops one of its primary objectives to the American Expeditionary Forces. The troops were dependent on lumber . The Forestry troops would supply lumber for dugouts, trenches, entanglements. They would construct compounds for prisoners, and construct all the military facilities that were needed. 15 December 1917, Two hundred and forty nine recruits, composed the 6th Battalion 20th Engineers at this time. Some were hospital cases left over from other battalions. 27 December 1917, The 6th Battalion moves to Camp American University, Washington, D.C. (Regimental Headquarters )., were they were organized, and trained. ( Col. W. A. Mitchell, Regimental Commanding Officer ) 25% forestry experts, 25% officers with Military training, 50% Sawmill and Logging men, made up the 6th Battalion. 1 January 1918, With the arrival of several hundred men from the Pacific Northwest, and the Great Lakes region, the 6th Battalion reached war strength ( 750 men ). Training and organizing continues. 22 January 1918, At 9:30 p.m., under full pack the 6th Battalion move's out of Camp American University, on a hike of five and half miles through the snow, to Ft. Meyer, where the Sixth Battalion board's a train at midnight for Hoboken, New Jersey, reaching the port, noon the next day. 23 January 1918, 6th Battalion, 20th Engineers ( 750 men ) companies D, E, F, plus medical and H.q. ( 35 men ), together with several Aerial Squadrons and a few Miscellaneous troops, 2,300 men in all, went on board the Anchor Line troopship "Tuscania". No civil passengers were aboard this luxury liner. She was manned by British officers and crew. The SS Tuscania, built in 1914, was the largest and finest ship of the Anchor line, she was chartered by the Cunard line at that time. She was painted an olive drab, to camouflage her from the enemy. A special Rapid fire four-inch gun was mounted at her stern. The Tuscania's length 567 feet, her breadth 66 feet 6 inches, and depth 45 feet. 24 January 1918, Tuscania is scheduled to embark from pier 56, destination Le Havre, France. ( scheduled arrival date, March 24, 1918 ) . The Tuscania is to stop in Halifax, and Britain, before reaching her final destination. The 14,348-ton ship steams for Halifax, ( Nova Scotia, Canada ) 26 January 1918, The morning of, the SS Tuscania arrives in Halifax, the designated rendezvous, for this ship, joining ships from other locations, to form a convoy. 27 January 1918, Sunday, SS Tuscania leaves the harbor of Halifax with 3 other troopships, 8 freighters, and 2 destroyers. Aboard the ships are American, Canadian, and Australian troops. The convoy was led by the American Cruiser "Seattle". The troopship "Tuscania" was 2nd in the convoy, the Baltic preceding her. A zig-zag course was followed on the voyage, and great precautions were taken especially at night. A boat drill was performed every day at 2:00 p.m.. By the time the convoy was 2 days out of Halifax, the soldiers knew their proper lifeboat stations. They were informed that in an emergency, the ships officer and 6 of the ship's crew, were trained in the operations of emergency evacuation, and would be at each of the stations to lower the boats. 4 February 1918, Twelve days at sea, while west of Ireland, the convoy is met by 8 British destroyers that came to escort them through the British Isles. 5 February 1918, German U-boat 77 (submarine) had come north after operating off Berehaven to try her luck in the North Channel, and in spite of being hampered by destroyers as well as other patrols, took up her position seven miles north of Rathlin Island Lighthouse, in which UB - 97 happen to be operating. The convoy has past the Northern tip of Ireland, and is proceeding South easterly of Ireland in the North English Channel. It is recorded that they are 30 miles from land, the Scottish Coast on one side, the Irish Coast on the opposite side. 4:30 p.m. The two submarines meet and exchange remarks, UB 97 leaves. 5:05 p.m. UB - 77 sighted a convoy eastward bound strongly guarded by destroyers, speed twelve knots. Lieut. - Commander Wilhelm Meyer of Saarbrucken, Germany is in command. An able officer, he is determined to get in his attack before the light of day has departed. 5:40 p.m With considerable difficulty Commander Meyer fires two torpedoes at the largest ship of this convoy, the Tuscania, range 1300 yards. No alarm sounded from any one of the 15 lookouts on the Tuscania. No one saw the wake of foam as the torpedo's came towards the vessel. 5:41 p.m Two torpedo's slam into the side of the Tuscania. Simultaneously the lights went out and a deafening crash echoed and re-echoed through the ship. The torpedo's struck squarely amidship on the starboard side (boiler room). A great hole was torn in the hull and all the superstructure directly above was reduced to a mass of wreckage. Several lifeboats were lost due to the terrific explosion, which had thrown a sheet of flame and debris, two hundred feet in the air. Fragments of Steel and wood, were shot in all directions. Clouds of hissing steam rose from the ship. From the moment of the explosion the ship began listing starboard. 5 February 1918 The men went into action scrambling to their post. The ships crew was almost non-existent as far as help was concerned. The ships officers were engaged in other duties for some time, starting the emergency dynamo, sending up flare rockets etc. etc.. 1st Lieut. Donald A. Smith notes, "Our men had to lower the boats, they made an awful mess of it. I saw one boat containing about 25 men, dropped nearly thirty feet flat onto a crowded boat in the water. I saw another boat dropped perpendicular, spilling the 25 or more occupants out, into the water like a sack of beans, then down went the boat, stern first, among them. This type of accident happened several times. At least half of our loss, must have been due to men being crushed by falling lifeboats. Some of the men in the water were crushed between the lifeboats and the liner." The waves of the sea were high and the darkness made the rescue of men in the water almost impossible. They worked feverishly to lower the lifeboats. Private Roy Muncaster from Washington, and Sergeant Everett Harpham, a native Oregonian, worked for an hour, along with several others, at the pulleys and the tangle cables, getting the lifeboats launched into the foaming, pounding sea. The pitch darkness made the work more difficult. Our soldiers were not trained in the procedures of lowering lifeboats. Yet now, their ship was sinking. They had no idea how the davits had to be managed to get a boat safely into the water. The work on lowering the lifeboats proved discouraging. The boat tackle was discovered in many cases to have been fouled or rotted and unfit for use. The Tuscania acquired such a list to the starboard side, it was necessary on the port side to slide the lifeboats down the rivet- studded sloping side of the ship with the aid of oars as levers. In all some 30 lifeboats were launched, and perhaps 12 of these were successful. 6:55 p.m. Muncaster and Harpham slid down the ropes into the last lifeboat. The lifeboats were tossed about in the relentless pounding of the sea. The men stood in icy water up to their knees, some dipping and bailing constantly to keep afloat. My grandfather George Schwartz (6th Battalion, 20th Engineers, F company) Was from Richmond, Michigan. "We got into a life boat which was half swamped. Was washed off the life boat twice but managed to crawl back on. My legs were soon chilled by the icy water, sitting in the boat which was full of water so that I could not move them but held on with my hands. The life boat was partially submerged in the water for over four hours." 5 February 1918 7:00 p.m.. On the Tuscania all the lifeboats gone 1350 men still aboard, excitement filled the air as they felt helplessly trapped. It was not certain how fast the Tuscania was sinking. The men aboard asked each other questions, "what do we do now". They smoked cigarettes, and talked quietly, discussing their plight. A closer observer would have revealed a collection of wonderful expressions from vocabularies replete with all the known cuss-words in existence. The objects of the remarks were chiefly the U-boats, the Kaiser, the Germans and the authorities, criminally neglectful of the troops safety. Out of the darkness, a tiny destroyer came siding up to the troopship. She approached near enough for men to be transferred to her deck. UB-77 fires a torpedo at this destroyer, which misses, another destroyer starts dropping depth charges. When the destroyer was loaded to her limit, she steamed away. 7:00 p.m. 1st Lieut. Donald A. Smith saw a smashed in collapsible boat floating away past the stern. With two enlisted men following him, they slid down the ropes and swam for the boat. 1st Lieut. Smith remembers, "We shivered in that boat for five hours because we didn't know how to light the flares in the boat. I found them right away, they were under water and I wasted a dozen trying to light one. We were fast approaching the rocks of Islay Island. I made a thorough search for the matches, I knew they were somewhere. I found them in a lantern, in a tin box. I didn't know the secret in opening it. I was quite frustrated. It took me twenty minutes to cut it open, because I couldn't find the opening in the dark and cold. With a match I read the flare directions, which told me they were to be scratched, not lighted." 5 February 1918 A soldier writes "The lifeboats and rafts were drifting helplessly about, it was impossible to make any headway with the oars, as most of the boats were full of water, and there was such a heavy sea, that any such effort was useless. In and out among these boats the destroyers raced, looking for traces of the submarine and dropping depth bombs where there were any suspicious indications. Each time one of the "ash cans", exploded, the boats would shiver and shake with concussion. Those men who were in the water were knocked breathless with each explosion, and in a few cases rendered unconscious. The noise of the depth bombs, the bursting of the distress and the illuminating rockets, together with the reports from the destroyer's deck guns, created the impression that a Naval battle was in progress. Most of the boys believed we were being shelled by the Germans. 5 February 1918 8:15 p.m A second destroyer sided up to the Tuscania and completed the rescue work. She was crowded to the limit but stayed till every known person on board was transferred. No sooner had she pulled away, the longitudinal bulkheads gave way, admitting the water to the port holds. Slowly the Tuscania resumed an even keel. The wave's pounding fiercely against the rocky shoal of Islay Island, shatters a lifeboat caring 20 men, Sergeant Harpham and Private Muncaster are aboard. An undertow pulled Harpham under the surface. His head struck a rock, leaving him stunned. A huge wave threw him high on a sharp rock. Another wave brought him onto a higher rock. From here he managed to crawl to a larger rock that gave him some protection from the waves, and the bitter wind, which now seemed to freeze the blood in his body. Finally, five of his companions joined him, and they huddled together on this large rock. They would be rescued 4 or 5 hours later. This never - forgotten night was filled with pitiful and anguished cries of men calling for help along the shore. Battered by the wave's and smashing rocks, Private Muncaster and 12 of his lifeboat companions, floated motionless in the pounding tide. Out of the 20 in that particular lifeboat, only 8 survived. A number of trawlers and small fishing boats helped in gathering survivors. These vessels together with the destroyers combed the vicinity picking up men in lifeboats and rafts. Each bit of wreckage was closely scanned for the possibility that someone may be clinging to it. In this way the majority of the living were rescued. Darkness and the wide area over which the rafts and boats were scattered made it impossible to find them all. 10:00 p.m. Four hours after being struck, the Tuscania took her final plunge. With a muffled explosion as the water reached her boilers, she gently slid, bow first, under the surface. The Tuscania sank 7 miles north of the Rathlin Ireland Lighthouse. Latitude 55 degrees, 25 minutes north ; Longitude 6 degrees, 13 minutes west. 10:00 p.m. Some where near the rocky coast of Islay Island. 1st Lieut. Donald Smith recalls "I had the pleasure of seeing several people picked up near me but was unable to attract their attention." 5 February 1918 Between 10:30 to 11:00 p.m. After being in the Icy waters, and feeling the cold wind blow for 4 hours, George Schwartz and other men are picked up by a British Destroyer. George Schwartz was picked up in a semi conscious condition by a British destroyer. While on board the destroyer George was hit on the head by owing to the excessive motion of the boat. He had a fracture to the Skull and was very ill, he was taken to a hospital in arne, Ireland. 12:00 Midnight, 1st Lieut. Donald Smith and his two companions are picked up by a trawler. [Submitted by Steve Saviello, Listowner of the Comunes of Italy Mailing List - 12 October 1997 - Steve cites the University of Kansas - The Sinking of the Tuscania, 5 February 1918 World War I, Memoirs, Memorials, Reminiscences as his source. ]
TUSCANIA (2)
See NEA HELLAS.
The turbine ship TUSCANIA (II), wasbuilt by Fairfield Co Ltd, Glasgow (Ship #595), keel laid July 1919, launched on 4 October 1921, as the TUSCANIA, for the Anchor Line, of Glasgow. 16,991 tons; 176,8 x 21,4 meters (length x breadth); 1 funnel, 2 masts, cruiser stern; twin-screw propulsion (steam turbines, double-reduction), service speed 16,5 knots; passenger accommodation: 240 1st class, 377 2nd class, 1818 3rd class; crew of 346. 8 September 1922, delivered to Anchor Line by Fairfield Co. 16 September 1922, maiden voyage, Glasgow-Moville-New York. 1922-1925, New York-Mediterranean (5 roundtrip voyages). May 1926, last voyage, Glasgow-New York-Plymouth-Havre-London. 3 June 1926-19 September 1930, chartered to the Cunard Line, London-Havre-Southampton-New York (cabin and tourist class only; December 1926, cabin and third class; February 1927, 206 cabin class, 439 tourist class, 485 third class). October 1930, laid up in Glasgow. February 1931-1937, Glasgow-Lverpool-Bombay (13 autumn-winter voyages). May 1931, 1 roundtrip voyage for Cunard, Southampton-New York. 14 August 1931-September 1938, resumed Glasgow-Moville-New York service. 19 April 1939, sold to the Greek Line and renamed NEA HELLAS (200 cabin class, 400 tourist class, 500 third class). 19 May 1939-11 May 1940, Piraeus-New York (9 roundtrip voyages). 1941-1946, British Ministry of War troop transport. 1947, returned to the Greek Line and reconditioned in the United Kingdom and at Genoa (300 1st class, 310 cabin class, 850 tourist class). 25 July 1947, first voyage, Genoa-Naples-Lisbon-New York. September 1947, first voyage, Piraeus-Malta-Naples-New York. 27 January 1951, first voyage, Piraeus-Malta-Naples-New York. January 1955, 80 1st class, 1,300 tourist class. 5 March 1955, last voyage, Piraeus-Malta- Messina-Naples-Halifax-New York (arrived 21 March). 24 March 1955, renamed NEW YORK; first voyage, New York-Boston-Cobh-Cherbourg- Southampton-Bremen (departed 12 May)-Southampton-Cherbourg-Cobh-Halifax- New York. 6 September 1959, last voyage, Bremen-Havre-Southampton-Cobh- New York (departed 21 September)-Piraeus. 13 October 1959, last voyage, Piraeus-Palermo-Naples-Genoa-Quebec-Genoa-Naples-Messina-Piraeus (arrived 11 November). 14 November 1959, laid up at Piraeus. October 1961, scrapped at Onimichi, Japan [Noel Reginald Pixell Bonsor, North Atlantic Seaway; An Illustrated History of the Passenger Services Linking the Old World with the New (2nd ed.; Jersey, Channel Islands: Brookside Publications), vol. 1 (1975), p. 469; Arnold Kludas, Die grossen Passagierschiffe der Welt; Eine Dokumentation, Bd. 2: 1913-1923 (2nd ed.; Oldenburg/Hamburg: Gerhard Stalling, c1973), p. 126 (photograph)].- [Posted to the Emigration-Ships Mailing List by Michael Palmer - 8 August 1998]
TWEED (1)
The "Tweed" was built in 1870 by J.Laing, Sunderland for J.Morrison of Newcastle. She was a 1,304 gross ton ship, length 246ft x beam 30.3ft, one funnel, two masts, iron construction, single screw and a speed of 10 knots. Launched in Feb.1870, she was chartered to the Temperley Line and commenced her maiden voyage for them on 18/8/1870 from London to Quebec and Montreal. She made two round voyages for this service. In 1876 she was sold to Italian owners and was renamed "Maria Vittoria". In 1900 she became the Spanish "Jose Monteys" and in 1902 became the Spanish "Alesandria". In 1903 she was renamed "Josefina" and in 1908 became a coal hulk. She was scrapped in 1920. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.2,p.671] [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 23 November 1997]
TWEED (2)
1887-88 Lloyd's Register of Shipping lists : TWEED. Call sign : SRWD. Official # : 82252. Master : Captain E.B. Flak. Rigging : Wood Schooner with 1 deck; sheathed with felt and yellow metal in May 1884; fastened with copper bolts; hull, except beams, salted. Tonnage : 110 tons gross, 110 under deck and 100 net. Dimensions : 92 feet long, 21.6 foot beam and holds 10.1 feet deep. Built : in 1879 by Roney in Arbroath. Owners : G.C. Ross. Port of registry : Glasgow. Flag : British. Port of survey : Singapore (special survey in 1884). In the 1905-06 Register, she is still listed as a sailing ship and still under Captain Flak's command. - [Posted to The ShipsList by Gilbert Provost - 29 September 1998]
TWING
See MOBILE (2)..
TYRIAN
The "Tyrian" was a 1,039 gross ton ship, built by Robert Duncan & Co, Port Glasgow (engines by Finnieston Steamship Works, Glasgow) in 1869 for the Anchor Line of Glasgow. She had a clipper stem, one funnel, three masts (barque rigged for sail), iron construction, single screw and a speed of 9 knots. I have no info on her passenger accommodation, but the highest number carried by the "Tyrian" or her two sister ships was 412-3rd class. Launched on 9th Sep.1869 for the Glasgow - Mediterranean service, she started her maiden voyage in Oct.1869 when she left Glasgow and instituted the company's first Glasgow - Messina - Palermo - New York - Glasgow voyage. After this single voyage, she made five Glasgow - Liverpool - Halifax - St John NB sailings between 1870 - 1876. In August 1874 she made a London - Halifax - St John NB voyage and between 18th Jun.1875 and 29th Oct.1877 made five Bordeaux - New York sailings. Her barque rig was removed in 1879 and she was fitted with compound engines. Between 1869 and 1888 she made 49 round voyages between Glasgow - Mediterranean - New York - Glasgow, starting her last crossing on 16th Feb.1888 when she left Genoa for Leghorn, Valencia, and New York (arr.19th Mar.). From 1888-1892 she sailed New York - Jamaica for the Anchor Line and on 26th Jan.1893 was sold to Archibald Colvil of New York, who used her on the same route until 1902. Sold to the Canadian Government, she was converted to a cable layer and was used in maintaining the cable network joining Canadian Atlantic and Pacific islands with the mainland. She was scrapped in 1935. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P. Bonsor, vol.1, p.455] [Merchant Fleets by Duncan Haws, vol.9, Anchor Line] - [Posted to The ShipsList by Ted Finch - 20 September 1998]
TYRRHENIA
See LANCASTRIA.
The 1920-21 Lloyd's Register has a partial entry for the TYRRHENIA: Dimensions: 550 feet long, 70.3 foot beam and 38.8 feet deep. Built�: in 1920 by W. Beardmore & Co. Ltd. in Glasgow.Owners: Anchor Line (Henderson Bros.).Class comtemplated. - [Posted to The ShupsList by Gilbert Provost - 13 October 1998]