What are these?

3 of the 4 medals are made by A. Schwerdt of Stuttgart and the fourth one looks to be made the same way.  Who was this person who made these?  Are these offical medals of some kind?  When were they made?  Any help would be appreciated.

what1.jpg (16323 bytes) In the red enamal it reads : "S.T.Reichsflotte.E.V.  1926".The back has no markings, it appears to be brass.
I have been told it is a "Merchant Marine Grand Merit Cross, awarded for special achievement in training of sea cadets",
what2.jpg (15951 bytes) In the red enamal it reads : "In Arte Volupias  Sarebrucca".Marked A.Schwerdt Stuttgart on the back.  In the lower section of the circle looks to be the emblem for Lippe.  The black ribbon is long enough to be worn around the neck.  Was told it was a "Military Merit Order with Swords, Awarded for Achievement in Art during active military service",
what3.jpg (15962 bytes) In the red enamal it reads : "Ritterbund Rettenberg  Hall i.T.".Marked A.Schwerdt Stuttgart on the back.  The ribbon is folded in the Austrian manner.
what4.jpg (20615 bytes) In the green enamal it reads : "Ritterbund Rettenberg  Hall i.T.".Marked A.Schwerdt Stuttgart on the back.  The ribbon is folded in the Austrian manner.


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