The Brazilian Flag has a large yellow shape diamond on a green background. The colour green stands for the lush fields and forests of Brazil. The colour yellow represents its wealth in gold, which is found in many areas of the country. In the center of the yellow diamond there is a blue sphere that symbolizes the usual navy blue sky that one finds in the tropical areas of the Earth. In that sky there are the stars which represent the capital of the country and its federal states. Actually there are 26 states and the capital (27 stars). In the middle of the sphere there is a white banner with a legend: "Ordem e Progresso", that means "Order and Progress".
The Brazilian National Anthem is sufficient grounds for the fame of its composer, Francisco Manuel. Through its admirably warm and spirited melody, it took its place as the national anthem before it was accorded any official recognition. Various changes made to it have not distorted its essence, though they have softened its martial tone. Originally composed in a purely orchestral version for military band, it has been the various texts which have been set to it, especially that of Os�rio Duque Estrada in 1922, which have somewhat spoilt it.
The history of the anthem is the subject of controversy. In the view of some, it was composed for Brazilian Independence,others believe it was written for the 7th of April and performed on the 13th to a text attributed to Ov�dio Saraiva de Carvalho e Silva, in which there are references to "a wise reign" and "a Brazilian monarch", the 7th of April being taken as the dawn of Brazilian liberty. A third view is that of Souza Pitanga and Ernesto Sena, supported by Alberto Nepomuceno who writes: "In the same year (1841), at perhaps the height of his career, Francisco Manuel composed the anthem to celebrate the coronation of the second Emperor of Brazil, showing himself to be a composer of great merit in this inspired work, which still animates the national soul today.
Decree No.15671 of the 6th of September 1922 officially adopted the words of Os�rio Duque Estrada, written in 1909, the first version of it. Law No. 259 of the 1st of October 1936 prescribed the version of Leopoldo Miguez for orchestral performance, and the version by Lt. Antonio Pinto Junior of the Federal District Fire Brigades, for military band, in the original key of B Flat; and finally a version in F by Alberto Nepomuceno for singing:
Music: Francisco Manuel da Silva (1795-1865)
Verses: Joaquim Os�rio Duque Estrada (1870-1927)
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I
Ouviram do Ipiranga �s margens pl�cidas
Se o penhor dessa igualdade
� P�tria amada
Brasil de um sonho intenso, um raio v�vido,
Gigante pela pr�pria natureza
Terra adorada!
Dos filhos deste solo �s m�e gentil, II
Deitado eternamente em ber�o espl�ndido,
Do que a terra mais garrida
Teus risonhos lindos campos tem mais flores,
� P�tria amada
Brasil, de amor eterno seja s�mbolo
Mas se ergues da justi�a a clava forte,
Ver�s que um filho teu n�o foge � luta,
Terra adorada!
Dos filhos deste solo �s m�e gentil
P�tria amada |
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National Anthem I
The peaceful banks of the Ipiranga If with strong arm we have succeeded O adored Fatherland, Brazil, a dream sublime, vivid ray of love and hope to earth descends, O country vast by nature, O land adored Thou art the gentle mother of the children of this soil, II
Laid out eternally in the splendor of nature, More flowers put forth in thy fair, smiling fields O adored Fatherland, May the star-scattered banner flown by thee, But if the mighty sword of justice drawn forth, O land adored Thou art the gentle mother of the children of this soil, Beloved land,
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Music: Francisco Braga (1868-1945)
Verses: Olavo Bilac (1865-1918)
Salve lindo pend�o da esperan�a,
Salve s�mbolo augusto da paz!
Tua nobre presen�a � lembran�a
A grandeza da P�tria nos traz
Recebe o afeto que se encerra,
Em nosso peito junevil,
Querido s�mbolo da terra
Da amada terra do Brasil!
Em teu seio formoso retratas
Este c�u de pur�ssimo azul
A verdura sem par destas matas,
E o esplendor do Cruzeiro do Sul...
Recebe o afeto...
Contemplando o teu vulto sagrado,
Compreendemos o nosso dever,
E o Brasil por seus filhos amados,
poderoso e feliz h� de ser
Recebe o afeto...
Sobre a imensa Na��o Brasileira,
Nos momentos de festa ou de dor,
Paira sempre sagrada bandeira
Pavilh�o da justi�a e do amor.
Recebe o afeto...
Music: D. Pedro I (1798-1834)
Verses: Evaristo da Veiga (1799-1837)
J� podeis da P�tria filhos
Ver contente a m�e gentil,
J� raiou a liberdade,
No horizonte do Brasil
Brava gente, brasileira,
Longe v� temor servil,
Ou ficar a P�tria livre,
Ou morrer pelo Brasil
Os grilh�es que nos forjava,
Da perf�dia astuto ardil,
Houve m�o mais poderosa
Zombou deles o Brasil
Brava gente, ...
N�o temais �mpias falanges
Que apresentam face hostil
Vossos peitos, vossos bra�os,
S�o muralhas do Brasil
Brava gente, ...
Parab�ns, � Brasileiros!
J� com garbo juvenil,
Do universo entre as na��es
Resplandece a do Brasil
Brava gente, ...
Music: Leopoldo Miguez (1850-1902)
Verses: Medeiros e Albuquerque (1867-1934)
Seja um p�lio de luz desdobrado,
Sob a larga amplid�o destes c�us
Este canto rebel que o passado
Vem remir dos mais torpes lab�us.
Seja um hino de gl�ria que fale,
De esperan�a de um novo porvir,
Com vis�es de triunfos embale
Quem por ele lutando surgir.
Liberdade! Liberdade!
Abre as asas sobre n�s
Das lutas, na tempestade
D� que ou�amos tua voz.
N�s nem cremos que escravos outrora,
Tenha havido em t�o nobre pa�s
Hoje o rubro lampejo da aurora,
Acha irm�os, n�o tiranos hostis.
Somos todos iguais, ao futuro
Saberemos unidos levar,
Nosso augusto estandarte, que puro,
Brilha avante, da P�tria no altar.
Liberdade! etc...
Se � mist�r de peitos valentes,
Haja sangue em nosso pend�o,
Sangue vivo do her�i Tiradentes,
Batizou este audaz pavilh�o.
Mensageiro de paz, paz queremos,
E de amor nossa for�a e poder
Mas da guerra nos transes supremos,
Heis de vernos lutar e vencer.
Liberdade! etc...
Do Ipiranga � preciso que o brado,
Seja um grito soberbo de f�,
O Brasil j� surgiu libertado,
Sobre as p�rpuras r�gias de p�.
Eia pois, brasileiros, avante!
Verde louros colhamos lou��os,
Seja o nosso pa�s triunfante,
Livre terra de livres irm�os!
Liberdade! etc...