Eadweard James Muybridge, an eccentric British artist and inventor, was the first to capture motion through photography and to project his moving images — to the delight of astonished audiences.

F.O.W.

1. Define the following words (all are verbs): project, capture, astonish
   

F.O.G.

1. Why does the writer choose the verb “capture” to describe what Muybridge did to “motion” with photography?
   
2. Putting an “ed” on the word astonish changes it from a verb to an _______________
   

His frozen-in-time images are a window into the world before the movies. Eadweard James Muybridge pioneered motion photography decades before the Lumière brothers filmed their first movies in France. Muybridge may also have personally inspired Thomas Edison to begin his experiments in motion photography.

F.O.C.

1. Who began experients in motion photography?
   
2. Who later made the first movies in France?
   

F.O.I

1. Read the following text by about Edison and explain how film began, what subjects it first showed on its screens, and what sort of films soon became popular.
   

“Edison's laboratory was responsible for the invention of the Kinetograph (a motion picture camera) and the Kinetoscope (a peep-hole motion picture viewer). Most of this work was performed by Edison's assistant, William Kennedy Laurie Dickson, beginning in 1888. Motion pictures became a successful entertainment industry in less than a decade, with single-viewer Kinetoscopes giving way to films projected for mass audiences. The Edison Manufacturing Co. not only built the apparatus for filming and projecting motion pictures, but also produced films for public consumption. Most early examples were actualities showing famous people, news events, disasters, people at work, new modes of travel and technology, scenic views, expositions, and other leisure activities. As actualities declined in popularity, the company's production emphasis shifted to comedies and dramas.”