TCP/IP

TCP/IP stands for Transfer Control Protocol / Internet Protocol. Mostly used on Wide Area Network or on the Internet. First developed by ARPANET (Advance Research Agency Network) in 1970 to protect U.S. Military Base Network.

ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) - is responsible for obtaining hardware addresses of TCP/IP hosts on broadcast-based network. ARP uses a local broadcast of the destination IP address to acquire the hardware address of the destination host or gateway. Once ARP obtains the hardware address, both the IP address and hardware address are stored as one entry in the ARP cache. ARP always checks the ARP cache for an IP address and hardware address mapping before initiating an ARP request broadcast.

IP Address is a number that identifies a network host to transfer or receive data. It uses 32-bit number.

To convert decimal number to binary: 156 -> binary?

You can have one 128 that leaves 28. 64 and 32 don’t fit so subtract 16 from 28, makes it 12 so use 8 and 4 to even it out. Start calculation from left.

IPCONFIG - utility to verify the TCP/IP configuration parameters on a host, including the IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway. This is useful in determining whether the configuration is initialized or if a duplicate IP address is on the network. Use WINIPCONFIG for Windows 95, 98.

Network Monitor - Tool that simplifies the task of troubleshooting complex network problems. This requires an additional install. To install Network Monitor, go to control panel -> services -> Add ->Network Monitor Tools and Agents.

Analyzing Network Traffic - The three steps to using Network Monitor are starting the capture process, generating network traffic, and then stopping the capture to review the data.