1
AU - Ohtsu A
AU - Kusakari H
AU - Maeda T
AU - Takano Y
TI - A histological investigation on tissue responses to titanium
implants in cortical bone of the rat femur.
AB - Implant materials are placed under various sites-including
cortical bone, spongy bone, and bone marrow-at the same
time according to the depth at implantation. Although cortical
bone is an important site for the prognosis of implantation,
detailed reports on tissue responses to implantation have
been meager. The present study aims to reveal tissue responses
to pure titanium implantation in rat femoris cortical bone.
The rats received titanium bars surgically in their femurs
and were sacrificed 1 day to 40 weeks post-implantation.
The prepared tissue specimens were processed for light
and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Further histochemical
detections were performed. One day post-implantation, empty
osteocytic lacunae indicating degeneration of osteocytes
were found in pre-existing cortical bone around the implant.
Such pre-existing bone was replaced by new bone, but remained
in part even 40 weeks post-implantation. Light microscopy
showed that direct contact between the implant and new
bone was identified 12 weeks post-implantation. Chronological
and ultrastructural observation showed that new bone deposition
appeared to proceed toward the implant, and that the intervening
layer at the interface was derived from the degenerated
debris of multinucleated giant cells and/or osteoblasts.
Furthermore, it seemed that the width of intervening layer
varied in relation to the distance from the blood vessels.
The cells showing tartrate resistant acid phosphatase activity
possessed cytological features of osteoclasts under TEM;
they were frequently observed in perivascular sites near
the implants even after osseointegration, suggesting that
bone remodeling took place steadily around the implant.
MH - Femur|*PA/SU/UL
MH - Prostheses and Implants|*
MH - Titanium|*
SO - J Periodontol 1997 Mar; 68(3):270-83
DP - 1997 Mar
TA - J Periodontol
PG - 270-83
IP - 3
VI - 68
UI - 97254793
2
AU - Pazzaglia UE
AU - Brossa F
AU - Zatti G
AU - Chiesa R
AU - Andrini L
TI - The relevance of hydroxyapatite and spongious titanium
coatings in fixation of cementless stems. An experimental
comparative study in rat femur employing histological and
microangiographic techniques.
AB - Pure titanium rods plasma-spray coated with hydroxyapatite
(HA) or porous titanium (Ti) of controlled roughness were
implanted bilaterally in the distal femur of Sprague-Dawley
rats to compare the extent of bone growth on the two types
of coating. The relevance of other factors, like mechanical
stability and biological adaptation of the bone to the
insertion of a foreign body implant, were investigated
in femora which were over-reamed (absence of primary fit)
or reamed without insertion of the rod. Continuous tetracycline
labeling for the first 30 days and for the last 2 weeks
in the 90-day group was performed; histological/histometric,
fluorescence and microangiographic studies were carried
out on serial sections of the implanted and control femora.
In the group of stable implants, HA-coated rods showed
90% integration versus 53% with Ti-coated implants (P <
0.001); in over-reamed implants neither surface bone growth
nor endosteal fixation occurred, and both types of rods
were surrounded by a thick layer of connective tissue.
The study documented early adhesion of osteoblasts and
direct deposition of bone matrix on the substrate, while
on spongious titanium osteogenesis was observed only in
proximity to the surface. Remodeling of the reactive, primary
bone to mature, lamellar bone took the form of a capsule
surrounding the implants and radial bridges connecting
the latter to the endosteal surface. The number, height
and thickness of these bridges appeared to be the factors
determining implant stability, rather than the extent of
the bony capsule on the perimeter of the implant. Integration
was a function not only of mechanical conditions and surface
geometry, but also of the biological response of the whole
bone to changes in the vascularization pattern. The reported
phenomena can be seen more easily in experimental models
involving small rodents because of their fast bone turnover
and revascularization, but it is expected that they take
place, even at a lower speed, in clinical situations like
cementless stems of total hip replacement.
MH - Durapatite|*
MH - Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary|*IS
MH - Neovascularization, Physiologic|*PH
MH - Osseointegration|*PH
MH - Titanium|*
SO - Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 1998; 117(4-5):279-85
DP - 1998
TA - Arch Orthop Trauma Surg
PG - 279-85
IP - 4-5
VI - 117
UI - 98242363
3
AU - Bagambisa FB
AU - Joos U
AU - Schilli W
TI - Interaction of osteogenic cells with hydroxylapatite implant
materials in vitro and in vivo.
AB - In a series of scanning electron microscopic studies, the
reaction of osteogenic cells to hydroxylapatite (HA) implant
materials was investigated in culture and following implantation.
Tissue components as found in normal rat and dog bone were
identified at the interface in both test systems. In vivo,
implant bed cells showed an intimate contact with the HA
surfaces. Osteoblasts deposited organic matrix and bone
mineral in direct apposition to HA, with no evidence of
encapsulation or granulation tissue. The development of
such a direct spatial relationship appears to involve mechanisms
more encompassing than epitaxis.
MH - Dental Implants|*
MH - Hydroxyapatites|*
MH - Osteocytes|*UL
SO - Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1990 Fal; 5(3):217-26
DP - 1990 Fal
TA - Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants
PG - 217-26
IP - 3
VI - 5
UI - 91276501
4
AU - Lin FH
AU - Huang YY
AU - Hon MH
AU - Wu SC
TI - Fabrication and biocompatibility of a porous bioglass ceramic
in a Na2O-CaO-SiO2-P2O5 system.
AB - A porous bioglass ceramic was prepared from a finely pulverized
bioglass powder mixed with particles of two sizes (5 and
500 microns) of 30% by weight with the foaming agent polyethylene
glycol 4000 (HO (C2H4O) nH). The batch composition of the
bioglass was Na2O 12%, CaO 28%, SiO2 50% and P2O5 10% by
weight. The specimens, formed by pressing, were sintered
in a high temperature furnace. In this study we are concerned
with the preparation and microstructure of the material
and its performance in biological tests. The microstructure
and crystalline phases of the material were investigated
by differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis,
transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron
microscopy. In a biomedical examination, it was shown that
the porous material was compatible with animal tissues.
The microstructure of the implant indicated that newly
grown bone interlocked well with the glass ceramic and
that macropores and micropores were distributed uniformly
in the material, which provided channels for bone ingrowth
and improved the microscopic bioresorption.
MH - Biocompatible Materials|*
MH - Ceramics|CH/*CS
SO - J Biomed Eng 1991 Jul; 13(4):328-34
DP - 1991 Jul
TA - J Biomed Eng
PG - 328-34
IP - 4
VI - 13
UI - 91366917
5
AU - Fini M
AU - Nicoli Aldini N
AU - Gandolfi MG
AU - Mattioli Belmonte M
AU - Giavaresi G
AU - Zucchini C
AU - De Benedittis A
AU - Amati S
AU - Ravaglioli A
AU - Krayewski A
AU - Rocca M
AU - Guzzardella GA
AU - Biagini G
AU - Giardino R
TI - Biomaterials for orthopedic surgery in osteoporotic bone:
a comparative study in osteopenic rats.
AB - To evaluate orthopedic devices in pathological bone, an
experimental study was performed by implanting Titanium
(Ti) and Hydroxyapatite (HA) rods in normal and osteopenic
bone. Twenty-four rats were used: 12 were left intact (
Control: C) while the other 12 were ovariectomized (OVX)
. After 4 months all the animals were submitted to the
implant of Ti or HA in the left femoral condyle (Ti-C,
HA-C, Ti-OVX, HA-OVX). Two months later the animals were
sacrificed for histomorphometric, ultrastructural and microanalytic
studies. Our results show a significant difference between
the Affinity Index (A.I.) of HA-C and Ti-C (77.0 +/- 7.
4 vs 61.2 +/- 9.7) (p < 0.05). No significant differences
were observed between the osteointegration of Ti-C and
Ti-OVX (61.2 +/- 9.7 vs 48.2 +/- 6.7). Significant differences
also exist between the osteointegration of HA-C and HA-
OVX (77.0 +/- 7.4 vs 57.6 +/- 11.5) (p < 0.01). Microanalysis
shows some modifications in Sulphur (S) concentration at
the bone/biomaterial interface of the Ti-OVX group. Therefore
our results confirmed the importance of biomaterials characteristics
and of bone quality in osteointegration processes.
MH - Biocompatible Materials|*
MH - Femur|PA/*SU
MH - Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal|PA/*SU
MH - Prostheses and Implants|*
SO - Int J Artif Organs 1997 May; 20(5):291-7
DP - 1997 May
TA - Int J Artif Organs
PG - 291-7
IP - 5
VI - 20
UI - 97353690
6
AU - Nevins ML
AU - Karimbux NY
AU - Weber HP
AU - Giannobile WV
AU - Fiorellini JP
TI - Wound healing around endosseous implants in experimental
diabetes.
AB - Wound healing has been shown to be altered in diabetes
mellitus. The aim of this study was to identify the effects
of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on osseointegration.
Diabetes was induced in 40-day-old rats by intraperitoneal
injection of 70 mg per kg streptozotocin. At 14 days postinjection,
implants were placed in the femora of 10 diabetic and 10
age-matched normal rats. Animals were sacrificed at 28
and 56 days following implantation. Histometric results
indicated that the quantity of bone formation was similar
for diabetic and control animals (P > .05). However, less
bone-implant contact was observed for diabetic compared
to control animals at both 28 and 56 days (P < .0001).
This study demonstrates that the process of osseointegration
is affected by streptozotocin-induced diabetes.
MH - Dental Implants|*
MH - Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental|CI/*PP
MH - Implants, Experimental|*
MH - Osseointegration|*PH
SO - Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1998 Sep; 13(5):620-9
DP - 1998 Sep
TA - Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants
PG - 620-9
IP - 5
VI - 13
UI - 99012237
7
AU - Grigorian AS
AU - Ivanov VS
AU - Panikarovskii VV
AU - Sabantseva EG
AU - Antipova ZP
AU - Khamraev TK
TI - [An experimental study of the action of an intraosseous
implant of hydroxylapatite ceramic granules on the processes
of reparative bone formation (experimental morphological
research)]
AB - Presents a morphologic picture of the time course of repair
osteogenesis after replacement of femoral bone defect in
rats by hydroxyapatite ceramic granules. Excellent morphofunctional
quality of newly formed bone regenerate in optimal terms
is demonstrated.
MH - Bone Regeneration|*DE
MH - Bone Substitutes|*PD
MH - Ceramics|*PD
MH - Durapatite|*PD
MH - Prostheses and Implants|*
SO - Stomatologiia (Mosk) 1994 Jul; 73(3):7-10
DP - 1994 Jul
TA - Stomatologiia (Mosk)
PG - 7-10
IP - 3
VI - 73
UI - 95149330
8
AU - Hazan R
AU - Brener R
AU - Oron U
TI - Bone growth to metal implants is regulated by their surface
chemical properties.
AB - Bony ingrowth to control (non-treated) and heat-treated
stainless steel and Ti-6Al-4V implants into the medullary
canal of the femur in rats was studied by mechanical, chemical
and Auger electron spectroscopic methods. At all time intervals
up to 35 d post-implantation, the shear strengths of the
heat-treated Ti-6Al-4V and stainless steel implants were
significantly higher (1.6-fold to 3.4-fold) than in control
implants. Using Auger electron spectroscopy depth profiling
methods, it was found that the heat treatment modified
the implant surface composition significantly, resulting
in a thicker oxide layer and other chemical changes. It
is concluded that heat treatment of metal implants prior
to their insertion alters their chemical surface properties
and augments bony ingrowth to them.
MH - Osseointegration|*PH
MH - Prostheses and Implants|*
MH - Steel|*
MH - Titanium|*
SO - Biomaterials 1993 Jul; 14(8):570-4
DP - 1993 Jul
TA - Biomaterials
PG - 570-4
IP - 8
VI - 14
UI - 94002862