Chess History, 1800-1899
1800
Brede, Ferdinand born in Stettin, Poland. Problemist.
1800
Grimm, Vincent born in Vienna. Grimm Attack.
1800
STALEMATE; Last time stalemate is a win for the side whose King is
stalemated in England
1800
Schlumberger born in Mulhouse. Teacher of St Amant. Operated the Turk.
1800.08.15
Basterot, Barthelemy born in Dublin.
1800.09.02
Saint-Amant born at Cheteau Latour. Leading French player.
1801
Del Rio completed another chess book, which remained unpublished.
1802
Del Rio, Ercole died. Nicknamed the anonymous Modenese.
1802
1st American chess book - CHESS MADE EASY, published in Philadelphia.
1803
Anatasia's mate, with Knight & Rook, published by Heinse, Wilhelm
(1746-1803).
1803
Bryan, Thomas born in Philadelphia. Bryan variation.
1803
TURK; Anthon exhibits Turk in London.
1803.03.13
Walker, George born. English chess writer and organizer.
1803.06.22
Heinse, Wilhelm died in Aschaffenburg, Germany. Wrote about
Anastasia's mate.
1804
CORR; 1st authenticated correspondence match - The Hague vs. Breda.
(BCM 1974,141)
1804
Napoleon Bonaparte plays the Alekhine's Defense.
1804
PHILIDOR; The name 'Philidor's Legacy', 1st used in book by Pruen.
1804
Verdoni died. Italian player.
1804.03.26
Kempelen, inventor of the first automaton, Turk, died. Aulic Counselor
on Mechanics to the Royal Chamber.
1804.05.15
d'Orville, Pierre born in St Petersburg. Problemist.
1805
BOOK; 1st original American chess book published in Boston.
1805
Szen born in Pesth, Hungary. Founded Budapest Chess Club.
1805
Maelzel buys the Turk from Kempelen' son.
1805
Sarratt reputedly the best player in England until his death in 1819.
1806.01.01
Kieseritzky b. Tartu. Strong French player of his day.
1807
Stalemate becomes a draw in England after persuasion by Sarratt.
1807
CLUB; London Chess Club founded.
1807
Worrall, Thomas born. British Commissioner in Mexico.
1807.03.17
Mongredian born. Pres. of London CC and Liverpool CC.
1807.07.11
Atwood, George died in London. Played Philidor and recorded Philidor's
games.
1808
SARRATT; TREATISE ON THE GAME OF CHESS by J. Sarratt published.
1808
Sarratt is chess pro at Salopian coffee house, London.
1808.05.10
Horwitz, Bernhard born in Neustrelitz, Germany. One of the Pleiades.
1808.12.17
Allen, George born in Milton Township, VT. Chess author and nephew of
Ethen Allen.
1809
Zurich chess club, oldest chess club in Europe, founded.
1809
TURK; The Turk (Allgaier) defeats Napoleon at Schonbrunn. (game - CR
1/47, 16)
1809.06.09
Bruhl, John (Hans) died in London.
1810
WILLIAMS; Elijah Williams b. Bristol. English chess master.
1810
Eon de Beaumont, Charles died. (d'eon) Transvestite.
1810
Rousseau, Eugene born. French player.
1810.02.02
Hanneken, Hermann von, born in Vicheln, Prussia. Prussian General.
Hanneken Defense.
1810.03
Staunton b. Westmoreland. Leading player of the 1840's.
1810.07.15
Lowenthal b. Budapest. Strong British player.
1811
1st time the openings written in tabular form, in Allgier's book.
1811
Beauharnais, Napoleons's stepson, buys the Turk for 30,000 francs
1811
Kling b. Mainz. Composer and pioneer endgame analyst.
1811
Last known copy of the 1st practical chess book (1495) destroyed.
1811.08.03
Hanstein, Wilhelm born in Berlin. Magazine founder. Hanstein Gambit.
Elo: 2480.
1812.02.29
Hirschbach, Hermann born in Berlin. Hirschbach var.
1813
Sarratt publishes the works of Damaino, Ruy Lopez, and Salvio.
1813.07.09
1st newspaper chess column in "Liverpool Mercury." Ran until 1819.
1813.08.23
Jaenisch born. Resigned his army commission to play chess.
1814
Wyvill, Marmaduke born. Placed 2nd in the London 1851 tournament.
1814
Shastri writes ESSAYS ON CHESS, Bombay. Known as the Brahmin. 1st
Indian problems.
1815
Hamppe, Carl born in Vienna. Elo: 2410. Hamppe opening
1815.07.08
Howe, Henry born in Guildford, England. Canandian ch 1877.
1815.09.21
Bilguer, Paul born in Ludwigslust, Germany. Wrote HANDBUCH DES
SCHACHSPIELS. A Pleides.
1816
Maelzel supposedly invents the metronome; swiped from Winkel.
1816.11.17
Hicks, William born in Portsmouth, England. Canadian ch 1874.
1817
Schliemann born. Played the Schliemann Defense in the 1860s.
1817
Maelzel repurchases the Turk. Exhibits in Paris.
1817
Sarratt publishes works on Gianutio and Selenius.
1817.10.10
Dubois, Serafino born in Rome. Elo: 2550
1818
LASA; Tassilo von der Lasa born. Conceived of a German opening
handbook.
1818.07.06
Anderssen, Adolf born in Breslau (now Wroclaw), Germany.
1818.09
Turk in London. Operator is William Lewis, Champion of England.
1818.10.17
Heydebrand un der Lasa, Tassilo born in Berlin.
1818
Kenny, W.S. publishes his "Practical Chess Grammar."
1819
Allgaier publishes detailed analysis of the Allgaier Gambit.
1819
Brunet y Bellet, Jose born in Barcelona.
1819
Williams, then Mouret operate the Turk.
1819.06.27
Falkbeer, Ernst born in Brno, Czechoslovakia. Edited THE CHESS
PLAYERS' MAGAZINE. Elo: 2410.
1819.09
Stanley born in Brighton. Strong American master. Died in 1901.
1819.11.06
Sarratt died impovrished. Strongest English player of his day.
1820
KANN; Marcus Kann born in Vienna. Published analysis of Caro-Kann in
1886.
1820
TURK; Robert Willis published a book in which he analyzed the Turk.
1820.01
Bayer, Aloys displays his Bavarian Boy automaton in Munich.
1820.12.08
Frere, Thomas born in New York City. Wrote chess handbook.
1821
BUTRIMOV; 1st Russian manual on chess published, by Butrimov.
1821
NEW TREATISE OF CHESS by Sarratt is 1st to have a beginner's section.
1821
Twiss, Richard died. Chess author.
1821
WEBER; Albrecht Weber born. 1st to investigate Indian literature for
referecnes to chess.
1821
Willis, Robert published an article about a hidden operator in the
Turk in 'The Edinburgh Philosophical Journal.'
1821.08.12
WARE; Preston Ware born in Boston. Played in the US ch in 1880. Pres
of American chess Foundation.
1821.11.24
Buckle, Henry born in Kent. Historian and leading British player. Read
12 languages. Elo: 2480
1822
ALLEN; L. Allen writes CHESS IN EUROPE DURING THE 13TH CENTURY
1822
Divan, famous chess room in London, founded by Samuel Ries.
1823
1st chess column to appear in a periodical, by Walker for LANCET.
1823.01.03
Allgaier, Johann died in Vienna of dropsy. Strong master from Vienna.
1823.04.29
Harrwitz, Daniel born in Breslau, Poland.. Strong German player of his
day. Elo: 2520.
1823.09.30
Gottschall, Rudolf born in Breslau, Poland. Founder of the German
chess federation.
1824
Evans discovered the Evans Gambit.
1824
Herzfeld, Sebastian born in Austria. Physician. Herzfeld defense.
1824
Beauharnois, Prince Eugene died. Bought the Turk for a brief time.
1824.04
Scotch opening named from the Edinburgh-London corr. match.
1824.04.23
1st corr, matches, between London & Edinburgh. Edinburgh won in July
1826.
1824.10.22
Hookham, Henry born in London. New Zealand ch 1890.
1825
Barnes, Thomas born in Falmouth, England. Scored more wins than anyone
else against Morphy.
1825
Ben Oni by Reinganun, published in Frankfurt. 1st mention of Benoni.
1825
Benoni named after book published by Aaron Reinganum.
1825
Parsloe's, a famous chess club in London, closed.
1825.09.25
Hooper, Charles Alfred, creater of Ajeeb, born in Bristol, England.
1825.12.20
Maelzel sails for America with Turk to escape debts and lawsuits. (BCM
1977,401)
1826
Schlumberger arrives in America.
1826.02.03
Maelzel landed in New York with the Turk.
1826.04.04
Boden, Samuel born in Hull. Morphy considered him strongest English
plyr.
1826.04.13
Turk 1st exhibition in the US, in New York. Operator is a Frenchwoman.
1826.05.30
Blackmar, Armand born in Bennington, VT. Originated the Blackmar
Gambit in 1881.
1826.07
Edinburgh won 1st corr. chess match against London. Started in 1924.
1826.09.13
Turk exhibited in Boston.
1826.10.01
Schlumberger arrives in Boston to operate the Turk.
1826.12.22
The Turk arrives in Philadelphia.
1827
1st chess club in Philadelphia formed after the Turk visits the city.
1827
Owen, John ('Alter') born. Strong English player.
1827.05
Two youths observe the operator emerge from the Turk.
1827
Urusov, Sergei born. Chess-playing Russian prince.
1827.05
WALKER; Daniel Walker builds an automaton, The American Chessplayer.
1827.05.30
Brown, John born in Bridport, England. Problemist.
1827.06.01
Carroll, Charles age 84, plays The Turk. Signed Dec of Independence.
1827.06.01
Baltimore Gazette revealed how the Turk operated with a hidden
operator.
1828
Ranken, Charles born. First president of the Oxford University Chess
Club.
1828
Tolstoy, Leo born. Russian chess novelist and chess fanatic.
1828.04.15
From, Martin born in Nakskov, Denmark. From's Gambit named after him.
1828.09
Turk returns to Europe.
1828.11.10
Bayer, Conrad born in Olomouc, Czechoslovakia. Prize-winning
problemist.
1829
1st book entirely devoted to one opening, published in India.
1829
Abbazia Defense of the Kings's Gambit 1st published by Silberschmidt.
1829
Cochrane, James and Kassam wrote THE MUZIO GAMBIT, Madras 1829.
1829
Correspondence between Madras and Hyderabad.
1829.02.14
Dufresne, Jean born. German player and writer. Elo: 2370
1829.04
Turk returns to US.
1829.04.21
Crosskill, Alfred born in Beverley, England. Endgame analyst.
1830
Hamburger Schachklub, oldest chess club in Germany, founded.
1830.05.
Campbell, Joseph born in Cookstown, Ulster. Problemist
1830.05.04
Riviere born. Strongest French player in the 1860s.
1830.05.04
de Riviere, Jules born in Nantes, France. Elo: 2450.
1830.05.19
Cook, Eugene born in New York City. 1st American composer of note.
1830.05.29
Edge, Frederick born in London. Journalist.
1830.07.14
Bird, Henry born in Portsea, Hampshire. Leading British amateur
player. Elo: 2440
1830.08.08
Cochrane, James died in Cheltenham, England. Wrote a book on the Muzio
Gambit in 1829.
1830.08.16
MacDonnell, George b. Dublin. Chess columnist and author.
1830.08.18
Freeborough, Edward born in Hull, England. Author.
1831
Fraser, George born in Scotland. Scottish ch 1898; Fraser Attack.
1831
Lewis chessmen discovered on the isle of Lewis. 67 pieces. Oldest
complete set.
1831
PROGRESSIVE LESSONS by W. Lewis published.
1831
Westminster chess club at Huttman's founded by George Walker.
1831.11.11
Fiske, Daniel born in Ellisburg, NY. American editor, writer, and
bibliophile.
1831.12.27
Green, Valentine born in Knipton, England. Green var.
1832
Boultbee, William born in England. 1892 Canadian Ch.
1832
Madden writes HISTORICAL REMARKS ON THE CHESSMEN DISCOVERED IN THE
ISLE OF LEWIS.
1832
NEW TREATISE ON CHESS by G. Walker published.
1832
Petrov analyses the Petrov's Defense.
1832.03.12
Grimshaw, Walter born in Dewsbury, England.
1832.08.07
Max Lange born in Leipzig. Suggested the Max Lange attack in 1854.
1833
LINDE; Antonius van der Linde, Dutch chess historian, born.
1833
Henry, W.R. born. Pseudonym of William Russ. American archivist.
1833
Mortimer, James born. Chess journalist.
1833.01.15
Paulsen b. Lippe-Detmold, Germany, Master player.
1833.02.05
WATKINSON; John Watkinson born. Founder of the British Chess Magazine.
1834
1st match of consequence, the La Bourdonnais-McDonnell match.
1834
Labourdonnais wins overall in series of 6 matches against McDonnell.
1834
Mouret, former operator of the Turk, sells the secret to a magazine.
(BCM 1977,373); 1st authentic revelation of the Turk.
1834
Start of corr. match between Westminster Club and Cafe de la Regence.
1834
Tennison, Otto born. Tennison gambit. Civil war commander.
1835
Gumpel, Charles, builder of mephisto, born in England.
1835
Staunton chessmen designed by Nathaniel Cook.
1835
Ahlhausen, Carl born in Germany. Librarian of the Berlin Chess Assn.
1835
Pratt, Peter died. Chess author.
1835
Walker starts as editor of chess column in Bell's Life for 38 years.
1835.
Congdon, James born in New York. Elected president of the National
Chess Association in 1874.
1835.01.04
1st appearance of G Walker's "Bell's Life in London."
1835.01.23
Fiske, William born in Ellisburg, NY. Chess player, musician, and
chess columnist.
1835.09.14
McDonnell d. London of Bright's disease. Greatest Irish player.
1836
1st chess mag 'Le Palamede,' published in Paris by La Bourdonnais and
J Mery.
1836
Kling publishes analysis of R and B vs. R endgame in Le Palamede.
1836
Schwarz, Adolf born. Hungarian-born player.
1836
St Amant beats Walker in match at London CC.
1836
St Amant is the 1st to suggest a time limit to chess.
1836
Staunton on subscription list for collection of MacDonnell's games by
Walker.
1836.04
Poe writes a famous article in 'The Southern Literary Messenger' on
how the Turk operates.
1836.05.14
Steinitz b. according to Dr Hermann Neustadtl (BCM 1974,76).
1836.05.17
Steinitz b. in Prague. World ch 1886-94. Challenger 1897.
1837
1st comprehensive survey of openings published by Alexandre in Paris.
1837
Kolisch b. Pressburg, Hungary. Chess patron.
1837
Pleides, a group of Berlin players, formed.
1837
Alexandre introduces standard notation and the castling symbol.
1837
Benima, Levi born. Dutch champion in 1881, 1883.
1837
England's 1st chess magazine, THE PHILIDORIAN, founded by Walker.
1837
Liverpool Chess Club founded.
1837
Mouret, Jacques died. Turk operator. Nephew of Philidor.
1837
Rosenthal, Samuel born. Journalist and chess teacher.
1837.01.11
Holloway, Alfred born in Bristol, England. Holloway Defense.
1837.03.24
Mackenzie b. North Kessock, Scotland. Ger. ch 1887. Scottish ch 1888.
1837.04.30
Gilbert, Ellen (ne Strong) born in Leverett, MA. Corr. player and
Queen of Chess.
1837.06.22
Morphy born in New Orleans.
1837.11.09
Maelzel, Schlumberger, and the Turk sailed for Havana.
1838
1st use of the term grand master in connection with chess.
1838
THE PHILIDORIAN discontinued after 6 issues.
1838
CHESSBOARD COMPANION by Lewis published. Ran thru 9 editions.
1838
Staunton joins Old Westminster CC.
1838.01.16
Brentano, Franz born in Marienburg, Germany. Published analysis on
openings.
1838.02
Schlumberger died. St Amant's teacher. The TURK operator. Got yellow
fever while in Havana.
1838.02.24
Guretzky-Cornitz, Bernhard born in Berlin. Endgame analyst.
1838.03.05
Winawer b. Warsaw. German ch. 1883.
1838.07.21
Maelzel found dead in berth off Charleston; buried at sea.
1838.07.25
Boren, Per born in Linkoping, Sweden. Boren variation.
1838.09.14
Maelzel's property sold at public auction in Philadelphia. Ohl buys
Turk for $400.
1838.12.15
Neumann born in Gleinitz. Strong German master.
1839
1st chess magazine, Le Palamede, ends.
1839
Budapest Chess Club founded by Josef Szen.
1839
Kieseritsky wins a 100 game match against E. Rousseau at the Cafe de
la Regeance.
1839
New York Chess Club formed by James Thompson.
1839
Turk purchased by Dr John Mitchell.
1840
Penny postcard for chess led to a boom in postal chess.
1840
Staunton is Secretary of the Westminster CC.
1840
CHESS PLAYER'S CHRONICLE is 1st successful chess magazine in the
English language.
1840
Othodox problem developed as an art form we know today.
1840
Potter, William born. Leading English player of the 1870s.
1840
Staunton beats Popert in London match.
1840
Staunton bought magazine & converted into CHESS PLAYER'S CHRONICLE.
1840.01.04
Hanham, James born in Woodville, MS. Introduced the Hanham variation
in 1889. Major, USA.
1840.05
Staunton began writing a chess column in the NEW COURT GAZETTE.
1840.09.16
Bilguer, Paul died (age 27) in Berlin. A Lt. in the Prussian Army.
1840.11
Turk given to Chinese Museum in Philadelphia.
1840.12
Staunton ends writing a chess column in the NEW COURT GAZETTE.
1840.12.13
Bourdonnais, Louis Charles de la, died in London.
1840.12.13
de Labourdonnais, Louis died in London.
1840.12.13
la Bourdonnais d. London, of dropsy. World class player.
1841
1st chess association formed, the Yorkshire Chess Association.
1841
1st chess periodical, CHESS PLAYER'S CHRONICLE, by Staunton. Lasted
until 1854.
1841
Tournament first used a a chess term at Leeds.
1841
Walker's NEW TREATISE is 1st popular chess book sold at a low price.
1841.01.30
Loyd born in Philadelphia. Most famous American composer.
1841.02.18
Ascher, Jacob born in Plymouth, England.
1841.04.28
Goring, Carl born in Bruheim, Germany. Goring gambit.
1841.09.12
Delmar, Eugene born in New York City. Elo 2420. Delmar var.
1841.11.26
LEONARD; James Leonard b. NY. Played 8 games blindfolded.
1841.12
St Amant revived Le Palamede, a monthly magazine until 1847.
1841.12
Stanley beats Staunton in a match (BCM 1982,365).
1841.12.06
Gossip, George born in NY. He was last place in many tournaments. Elo:
2310
1841.12.10
Blackburne, Joseph born in Manchester. Br. ch. 1868, 1914. Ger. ch.
1881. Elo: 2570
1842
1st openings analyses on modern lines published.
1842
Anderssen publishes a collection of chess problems.
1842
Chambers, John born in Scotland.
1842
Hoffer, Leopold born in Budapest. Editor of the Chess Monthly.
1842
Rousseau emigrates to the US; defeats B. Oliver and J. Schulten in
matches.
1842
Stanley emigrates from London to New York to work in the British
Consulate.
1842.06.25
1st appearance of THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS, oldest chess column.
1842.09.07
Zukertort b. Lublin. World ch challenger in 1886.
1843
1st edition of Bilguer's 'Handbuch des Schachspiels.'
1843
1st known photograph of chessplayers.
1843
Benoni 1st played by St Amant against Staunton. Called Staunton def.
1843
CHESS PLAYER'S CHRONICLE becomes a shilling monthly magazine.
1843
Jaenisch publishes analysis of chess.
1843
Minckwitz, Johannnes born. Chess author.
1843
Sonneborn, William born.
1843
Stanley emigrates to New York.
1843
Staunton Gambit actually played by St Amant against Staunton.
1843
Staunton plays 1 c4, and becomes known as English opening.
1843
WALKER; George Walker founded St George's CC at Hanover Square.
1843
Wilson, Thomas Bright born. Invented 1st chess clock.
1843.04.18
Beechey, Frideswide born. Woman composer.
1843.07
St Amant (+2=1-2) beats Staunton in London and wins 1 guinea.
1843.08.01
Schallopp b. German player and stenographer of the Reichstag.
1843.11.14
1st use of seconds for Staunton (Wilson,Evans, Worrell) and St Amant.
1843.11.14
Staunton-St Amant match, at Cafe de la Regence, Paris.
1843.12.18
Cordel, Oscar born in Ascherslebben, Germany. Cordel var.
1843.12.20
Staunton defeats St Amant, 11 wins, 6 losses, 4 draws, in Paris match.
Wins 100 pounds.
1843.12.20
Staunton's victory over St Amant marks the end of French supremecy.
1844
1st telegraph match played between Washington and Baltimore.
1844
1st Boden's mate (mate with 2 Bishops), Horwitz-Popert, Hamburg.
1844
Ghulam Kassim died in India. Ghulam Kassim gambit. Co-author of 1st
openings monograph.
1844
Popert, H. died. One of the strongest players of his day.
1844
Rothschild, Albert born. Chess patron.
1844
Stanley beats Schulten twice.
1844
Walker's CHESS STUDIES contains 1,020 games from 1780 to 1844.
1844
telegraph chess first played between Washington and Baltimore.
1844.02.24
Barbier, Georges born in Besancon, France.
1845
1st 2-dimensional pocket chess set devised by Peter Roget.
1845
Defeat of Paris in a correspondence match ends French supremecy.
1845
The "Indian" problem, published in CPC, starts chess compositions.
1845
WHITE; John White, book collector, born.
1845
Pocket set first designed by Peter Mark Roget (1779-1869).
1845
Stakes - first game for national ch ampionship is Stanley-Rousseau for
stakes of $1,000.
1845
Williams becomes editor of the Field column.
1845.02
Staunton writes most influential column in ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS.
1845.02.06
RUDGE; Mary Rudge b. Won 1st international women's tourney, 1897.
1845.02.14
VERE; Cecil de Vere (Valentine Brown), b. Torquay. Br ch 1866, 1868,
1872.
1845.02.14
de Vere, Cecil (ne Brown) born in England. Elo: 2450. Winner of 1st
British ch, 1866.
1845.03.01
1st US chess column in THE SPIRIT OF THE TIMES, NY, by Stanley.
1845.04
1st chess problem to in the US appears in THE SPIRIT OF THE TIMES.
1845.04.09
Staunton & Kennedy in Gosport play Walker, Buckle, Evans in London by
telegraph.
1845.04.11
Berger, Johann born in Graz. Strong player, editor, and author. Elo:
2495
1845.07.08
Charlick, Henry, 1st Australian chess champion (1887), born in London.
1845.11.10
Fleissig, Max born in Csenger, Hungary. Fleissig Gambit.
1845.12.01
Stanley wins, 15 wins, 8 losses, 8 draws. (BCM 1982,365)
1845.12.01
Stanley-Rousseau match was 1st organized chess event in the US.
1845.12.01
US Ch held at the Sazerac Coffee House, New Orleans between Stanley
and Rouseau.
1845.12.01
US Ch was $1000 winner take all. First to win 15 games, draws not
counting.
1846
1st time chess notation with figurines appeared.
1846
CHESS PALLADIUM, an American chess monthly, come out.
1846
1st German magazine, published; oldest chess mag still in existence.
1846
Anderssen joins the editorial staff of SCHACHZEITUNG chess magazine.
1846
Kieseritzky defeated Horwitz (+7=1-4) at London.
1846
SARRATT; Mrs. Sarratt gave chess lessons to the aristocracy in Paris.
1846
Schulten beats Stanley.
1846
Stanley publishes 31 GAMES OF CHESS, 1st US book on a chess match.
1846
Stanley writes 31 Games at Chess, the rarest of US chess books; 1st
match book in US.
1846
THE BEAUTIES OF CHESS published. 1st large compilation of problems.
1846.01.23
Clemenz, Hermann born in Tartu, Estonia. Clemenz Opening.
1846.05.30
Wisker born. 1st to win British ch twice in succession.
1846.08.06
Bledow, Ludwig founder of the Pleiades, died in Berlin.
1846.10
1st US chess journal, AMERICAN CHESS MAGAZINE, founded C. Stanley.
1846.10
2nd chess mag, CHESS PALLADIUM & MATHEMATICAL SPHINX, by Marache &
Wilson (BCM 1982,365)
1847
Saavedra b. Seville. Discovered the Saavedra move.
1847
Several womens' chess clubs formed in the Netherlands.
1847
Simpson's, room at 101 The Stroud, London, famous for chess.
1847
Stanley challenges any player except Staunton to a match.
1847
Staunton 1st plays the Staunton Gambit against Horwitz.
1847.07
CHESS PLAYER'S HANDBOOK by Staunton published in Bohn's Scientific
Library series.
1847.09
Last issue of AMERICAN CHESS MAGAZINE by Stanley.
1847.10.27
Deschapelles died in Paris. Gifted French player. French soldier.
1847.12
Last issue of Le Palamede monthly chess magazine.
1847.12.25
Shinkman born in Bohemia. The Wizard of Grand Rapids.
1848
1st chess set and board for the blind made, by W. Wood.
1848
1st chess column in a mowmen's magazine appeared in the Ladies
Newspaper, London.
1848
Hamppe of Vienna analyses the Vienna opening.
1848
Stanley edits a chess column in THE ALBION (1848-56).
1848.09.14
Albin, Adolf born in Bucharest. Austrian theortician, chess writer &
journalist.
1848.10.14
1st chess column in the US, in THE SPIRIT OF THE TIMES, ends.
1848.11.02
Stanley starts chess column in the Albion.
1848.12.31
Burn, Amos born in Hull, England. German ch 1898. Elo: 2530
1849
1st time the word tournament applied to a real tournament - England.
1849
CHESS EUCLID published by Kling, containing over 200 problems.
1849
CHESS PLAYER'S COMPANION by Staunton published in 1849.
1849
Kieseritzky edited LA REGENCE until 1851. Used an obscure notation.
1849
Max Lange originally analyses the Kieseritzky Attack.
1849.01
Buckle wins Ries Divan (London) knockout. 1st modern chess tourney.
1849.03
COOKE; Nathaniel Cooke register's his chess design (Staunton design).
1849.08.29
MILLS; Daniel Mills b. Stroud. Scottish ch 9 times. Br amateur ch
1890.
1849.09
Staunton recommends Cooke's chess pieces in ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS.
1849.11.19
MASON; James Mason b. Kilkenny, Ireland. Chess master and author.
1849.12.15
Brede, Ferdinand died in Altona, Germany. Problemist.
1849.12.29
Lowenthal arrives in NY. Politcal refugee.
1850
Alexandre, Aaron died in London. Chess author and teacher.
1850
Chatard, Eugene born in France. Chatard var.
1850
Cook, William born in Bristol, England. Wrote opening book. Cook var.
1850
Lowenthal establishes a cigar divan for chess players on Cincinnati.
1850
Staunton sold CHESS PLAYERS CHRONICLE.
1850
Taubenhaus, Jean born. Operated Mephisto.
1850.02.11
The "Great Match" between Stanley and J. Turner begins in Washington,
D.C.
1850.02.14
Stanley defeats Turner, 11 wins, 5 losses, 1 draw.
1850.02.22
Rice b. in Germany. American industrialist and chess patron.
1850.05.04
Schiffers born. Known as Russia's Chess Teacher.
1850.10.14
Hanstein, Wilhelm died in Magdeburg. Magazine founder. Hanstein
Gambit. Elo: 2480.
1850.11.12
Chigorin, Mikhail born in St Petersburg. Elo: 2600.
1850.11.12
Tchigorin born near St. Petersburg. Russian ch 1899, 1901, 1903.
1851
CHESS PLAYER'S CHRONICLE published.
1851
Anderssen, A. is world chess ch; A. Anderson is world checker ch.
1851
Boden introduces the Boden-Kieseritzky Gambit.
1851
CHESS STUDIES, (208 studies) by Kling and Horwitz published.
1851
Hunt, Joseph born in Canada. Hunt opening.
1851
Lowenthal becomes Secretary of the St. George Chess Club.
1851
Scheve, Theodor von born. German player.
1851
The Immortal Game, Anderssen-Kieseritzky, played in the Divan.
1851.01.31
Butrimov, Ivan died in St Petersburg. Published 1st Russian chess book
in 1821,
1851.03.21
Brodsky, Adolf born in Taganrog, Russia. Brodsky variation.
1851.04.14
Crane, William born in Castle Hill, Australia. Australian ch 1888,
1897.
1851.05.07
Opening day of the 1st ever international tournament, London.
1851.07.09
Englisch, Berthold born in Holtzenplatz, Austria. German ch 1879. Elo:
2520.
1851.07.15
End of 1st international tournament began in London, organized by
Staunton.
1851.07.28
All-play-all tournament, first was London International on this day.
1851.08
Anderssen wins the London International. Only 1 prize, a silver cup.
1851.08
THE CHESS PLAYER, weekly magazine, edited by Kling & Horwitz.
1851.12.27
JUDD; Max Judd born. US Open winner in 1903. Was US consul in Vienna.
1852
Horwitz appointed chess professional in Kling's coffee house.
1852
Lichtenhein emigrates to the US; was a Prussian officer.
1852
QUEVEDO; Leonardo Quevedo born. Inventor of the 1st chess playing
machine.
1852
THE CHESS TOURNAMENT, London 1851, published by Staunton.
1852
WILLIAMS; Elijah Williams publishes book about The Divan. 150 games
included.
1852
Wittek, Alexander born. Austrian player, architect.
1852
time limit of 20 minutes per move introduced in Harrwitz-Lowenthal.
1852.11.09
Gelbfuhs, Oscar born in Sternberg, Czechoslovakia. Tie-breaking
method.
1852.12.26
Babson, Joseph born in Pigeon Cove, MA. Chess composer.
1853
1st game played using signals at sea between ships.
1853
Evergreen game between Anderssen and Dufresne played.
1853
Fleissig, Bernhard born in Hungary. Fleissig var.
1853
Vezin, Charles died. One of the best players in the country.
1853.01
Dufresne wins the 1st berlin tournament.
1853.01
Williams edited a chess column in THE FIELD.
1853.05.18
Kieseritzky died. Committed to a mental home in Paris.
1853.08.02
Hall, John born in Bradford, England. Hall var.
1853.09
Staunton plays several players in Belgium.
1854
1st problem-solving chess contest, held in London, won by Grimshaw.
1854
Williams, E. died of cholera in London. Editor of the Field column.
1854
Cleland, Robert born in New Zealand. Won the 12th NZ Ch in 1899.
1854
Danish Gambit 1st analyzed in a German chess magazine.
1854
Fyfe, Peter born in Scotland. Fyfe gambit.
1854
Helpmate invented by Max Lange.
1854
Lowenthal writes a chess column for THE ERA magazine for 13 years.
1854
Staunton sold the CHESS PLAYER'S CHRONICLE to R. B. Brien.
1854
The Max Lange attack analysed by Max Lange.
1854
Uedemann, Louis born.
1854.05.16
Forsyth, David born in Alness, Scotland. New Zealand ch 1901. Invented
notation.
1854.06.13
Gledhill, Walter born in Leeds, England. Gledhill Attack.
1854.07.04
Branch, William born in Hastings. Chess historian.
1854.07.05
Turk destroyed by fire in a Chinese Museum in Philadelphia.
1854.07.21
Gattie, Walter born in London. Won 1st Br. Amateur Ch 1886.
1854.11.02
Gunsberg, Isidor born in Budapest. German ch 1885. World Challenger
1891. Elo: 2560.
1855
1st Black American chessplayer, T. Thompson, born.
1855
1st world problem tournament, organized by Charles Stanley.
1855
Cavallotti, Mattia born in Milan. Cavallotti Countergambit.
1855
Only ancient chessmen of conventional shape discovered in India.
1855
The Chess Association, founded in Britain by George William.
1855
Gauss died. Chessplayer. Solved 8 queens problem.
1855.02.14
Grundy, James born in Manchester, England.
1855.04.18
ROWLAND; Frideswide Beechey Rowland b. 1st woman to win a prize for
chess problems & chess column.
1856
CHESS PLAYER'S CHRONICLE ends because of financial loss.
1856
Guest, Antony born in Staines, England. Br. amateur ch 1888.
1856.01.02
Falkbeer wins London knock-out, McDonnell chess club.
1856.03.15
Last chess column in the Albion, by Stanley.
1856.03.28
1st game by telegraph between clubs, Liverpool vs Manchester.
1856.07.06
The Immortal Problem composed by Conrad Bayer.
1856.08.11
Bachmann, Ludwig born in Kulmbach, Germany. The Chess Herodotus.
Chronicler of chess.
1856.09.09
Hruby, Vincenz born in Krivsoudov, Czechoslovakia. Elo: 2480
1856.11.19
Alapin, Simon born in Vilnius. =1st at St. Petersburg 1878.
1857
1st demonstration board, designed by Lowenthal.
1857
1st national body in Great Britain, The Chess Association, formed.
1857
Buckle publishes HISTORY OF CIVILIZATION
1857
Edwards, Joseph born in New Zealand. NZ Ch 1894.
1857
Fiske edits CHESS MONTHLY (1857-1860) (co-edited by Morphy).
1857
Fiske wrote the dance tunes 'Chess Polka'.
1857
Horwitz appointed professional at the Manchester Chess Club.
1857
Mitchell, previous owner of the Turk, writes article on how it
operates.
1857
Weis, Max born.
1857.01
Montgomery and D. Fiske propose a National Chess Congress.
1857.01.01
1st u.s. chess magazine, AMERICAN CHESS MONTHLY, published.
1857.01.13
Szen died in Hungary. Founded Budapest Chess Club.
1857.01.15
Fritz, Alexander born in Kirchlotheim, Germany. Elo: 2350. Fritz var.
1857.04.10
Dudeney, Henry born in Mayfield, England. England's king of puzzle
makers.
1857.06.11
Narraway, James born. Canadian ch 1893, 1897, 1898.
1857.08.11
Lowenthal wins Manchester knockout ahead of Anderssen.
1857.10
Paulsen played 4 blindfold games simultaneously in NY.
1857.10.06
1st American Chess Congress is 1st true tournament in the New World.
1857.10.06
1st American Chess Congress opens - New York, won by Morphy.
1857.11.10
1st American Chess congress won by Morphy (16 players)
1857.12
Stanley's daughter born. Named Pauline after Morphy.
1858
Boston Chess Club founded.
1858
Fiske edits chess column in the NY SATURDAY PRESS (1858-1860).
1858
Frere's CHESS HANDBOOK published. Describes 4-handed chess.
1858
HOUDIN; Robert-Houdin write chapter in his magic book about Automata.
1858
Morphy plays the Duke of Brunswick & a Count at the Paris Opera.
1858
Paulsen is 1st Us opening theoritician; 1st to analyze Goring Gambit.
1858
THE LIFE OF PHILIDOR published by George Allen.
1858.06.09
Morphy sails from NY on board the S.S. Arabia.
1858.06.21
Morphy 1st landed in England (Liverpool).
1858.08.27
Lowenthal wins BCA Congress knockout, Birmingham.
1859
1st Russian magazine, SHAKHMATNY LISTOK, published.
1859
Vienna tournament: Hamppe 1st, Jenay 2nd, Steinitz 3rd.
1859
Allen, George reveals how Turk operates, in Book of 1st American Chess
Congress.
1859
CHESS PLAYER'S CHRONICLE reappears by Kolisch, Zytogorski, Kling.
1859
Fiske writes BOOK OF THE 1ST AMERICAN CHESS CONGRESS, NY.
1859
Lowenthal begins chess editor of the Illustrated News for 17 years.
1859
MOEHLE; Charles Moehle born. Operated Ajeeb in the United States.
1859
Paulsen played 15 players blindfold.
1859
Problem published that has 47 ways to mate in one - a record.
1859
Stanley publishes MORPHY'S MATCH GAMES.
1859
Stanley publishes THE CHESS PLAYER'S INSTRUCTOR.
1859.01.04
Morphy defeats Karl Anderssen in Paris.
1859.02.03
Blake, Joseph born in Farnborough. Br. ch. 1909; Br. corr. ch. 1922.
1859.02.06
Cohn, Wilhelm born in Berlin. Elo: 2450. Professional player.
1859.02.22
Baird (Winter Wood), Edith born in Brixton, England. Composed over
2,000 problems.
1859.04.12
1st day of the match Morphy v Anderssen, Hotel Breuteuil, Paris:
Morphy won (7 wins, 2 losses, 2 draws)
1859.04.20
Morphy played 8 blindfold simul games at St George's CC, London. Won
5, drew 3.
1859.04.26
Morphy plays 5 masters simultaneously at St James CC, London.
1859.12
Morphy gives up serious chess.
1860
Hamppe wins Vienna tournament, Steinitz 2nd.
1860
1st chess book written by a woman, ABCs of Chess by Cooke (BCM
1981,402)
1860
1st helpmate by Loyd. Black moves first.
1860
Boden's mate, mate by 2 Bishops, played by Boden in London.
1860
Code of rules published by Staunton in his CHESS PRAXIS.
1860
HISTORY OF CHESS published by D. Forbes. History of Oriental chess.
1860
Lowenthal writes MORPHY'S GAMES OF CHESS with Morphy's assistance.
1860
Makovetz, Gyula born. Edited Hungary's first chess magazine.
1860
Stanley edits a chess column in the MANCHESTER WEEKLY (1860-62).
1860
Staunton publishes CHESS PRAXIS, his 4th and final book in Bohn's
series.
1860.02.05
Showalter b. in Minerva, Kentucky. US ch 1888,'90,'91,'95, 1906.
1860.02.05
Showalter developed baseball's curve ball.
1860.06.20
Shipley born.
1860.08.11
Blathy, Otto born in Tata, Hungary. Created longest chess problem, 290
moves.
1860.08.28
Kolisch wins Cambridge knock-out.
1861
1st game played by means of underwater cable, Liverpool-Dublin.
1861
1st match with timed moves (by sandglass: 24/2), Anderssen-Kolisch.
1861
Steinitz wins Vienna tournament.
1861
MacKenzie resigns his Army commission to become chess pro.
1861
The Chess Association renamed to British Chess Association (BCA).
1861.03.04
Bardeleben, Curt born in Berlin. German champion 1893, 1904. Elo: 2510
1861.06.01
Stanley wins Leeds knockout.
1861.06.30
Bauer, Johann born in Prague. Strong Viennese master. Elo: 2460
1861.07.21
Hodges, Albert born in Nashville. Operated Ajeeb. Won US ch 1894. Elo:
2450
1861.09.14
Paulsen wins Bristol knockout.
1861.09.22
1st West German Chess Congress, Dusseldorf, won by Vitzthum.
1861.10.06
1st day of the 1st American Chess Congress, at New York.
1861.10.26
Telegraph match between Liverpool CC and Dublin CC.
1862
1st study-composing tournament, orgnized by Lowenthal,won by Horwitz.
1862
British Chess Association formed.
1862
Analysis of From's gambit 1st appears in SCHACHZEITUNG.
1862
Mackenzie wins a handicap tournament in London, defeating Anderssen.
1862.03.05
Tarrasch b. Breslau. German ch 1889, 1892, 1894. Challenger 1908.
1862.05.29
Buckle, Henry died in Damascus of typhoid fever. Historian and leading
British player. Read 12 languages. Elo: 2480
1862.06.01
1st Round Robin pairings, London 1862.
1862.06.01
1st time hourglasses were used as clocks (2 hours/20 moves) - London.
1862.06.01
Lowenthal organizes world's 2nd international tournament, London.
1862.06.16
Anderssen wins London International, 1st Round Robin.
1862.07.05
Caro, Horatio born in Newcastle, England. Published analysis of the
Caro-Kann in 1886. Elo: 2470.
1862.08
CHESS PLAYER'S CHRONICLE chess magazine ceases publication.
1862.09.07
2nd West German Chess Congress, Dusseldorf, won by Max Lange.
1862.09.26
LEONARD; James Leonard died in the Civil War. Strong American master.
1862.10.16
Gottschall, Hermann born in Posen, Poland. Elo: 2400 Author and
editor.
1862.10.24
Salwe b. Warsaw. Strong Polish player. 4th Russian ch 1906.
1862.12.16
Hume, George born in Edinburgh, Scotland. Problemist and collector.
1863
Allen, George writes LIFE OF PHILIDOR, Philadelphia
1863
Basterot writes TRAITE ELEMENTAIRE DU JEU DES ECHECS, Paris.
1863
Mackenzie arrives in America to fight on the Union side.
1863
POPIEL; Ignacy Popiel born. Analyzed the Blackmar-Diemer Gambit.
1863.01
1st issue of THE CHESS PLAYER'S MAGAZINE, by Falkbeer and Lowenthal.
1863.07.04
Lipschutz b. Ungvar. US ch 1892 by defeating Showalter.
1863.08.31
3rd West German Chess Congress, Dusseldorf, won by Max Lange.
1863.11.17
Brown, John died in Bridport, England of tuberculosis. Problemist.
1863.11.29
Marco born in Czernowitz. Chess journalist.
1864
Gay writes BIBLIOGRAPHIE ANECDOTIQUE DU JEU DES ESCHECS, Paris
1864
Georgetown, British Guiana chess club founded.
1864
NEUE BERLINER SCHACHZEITUNG (1964-67) edited by Anderssen & Neumann.
1864.08.29
4th West German Chess Congress, Dusseldorf, won by Max Lange.
1864.11.11
d'Orville, Pierre died in Regensburg, Germany. Problemist.
1865
Counties' Chess Association (CCA) founded.
1865
Hooper builds copy of Turk, names it Ajeeb.
1865
Kelling, F.K. born in New Zealand. Grand old man of New Zealand chess.
1865
Rynd wins 1st Irish Ch in Dublin.
1865
Staunton publishes Great Schools of England.
1865
Anderssen get honorary doctorate at Breslau University for his chess.
1865.02.27
Mieses born. Longest career of any master, 60 years (1888-1948).
1865.03
1st issue of THE CHESS WORLD monthly magazine, edited by Staunton.
1865.08.29
German Congress, Berlin, won by Neumann (34/34). 1st 100% score.
1865.09.15
1st Counties Chess Association, Redcar, won by Skipworth.
1865.09.26
Steinitz wins in Dublin.
1866
1st match with mechanical clocks, Anderssen-Steinitz.
1866
Mackenzie defeats G. Reichhelm for the US title (5 wins, 1 draw)
1866
Henry, W.R. died. Pseudonym of William Russ. American archivist.
1866.01.17
Traxler born in Czechoslovakia. Introduced Traxler var. 1890.
1866.02.21
Hutton, George born in Cranshaws, England. Introduced pairing for team
events.
1866.03.14
Troitzky b. in St. Petersburg.
1866.03.18
Heyde, Albert born in Braunschweig, Germany. Editor. Heyde var.
1866.06.20
1st British Ch. London, won be de Vere. Won 28 guineas.
1866.06.20
Steinitz wins London knockout.
1866.06.21
Atkinson, Walter born in Hull. Introduced the Atkinson variation.
1866.08.10
Steinitz defeats Anderssen, 8-6, to become recognized world ch.
1866.08.11
2nd Counties Chess Association, Redcar, won by De Vere.
1866.08.30
Burille, Constant Ferdinand born in Boston. Operated Ajeeb in the
United States.
1867
1st issue of LA STRATEGIE, French chess magazine. Ended in 1940.
Edited by Preti.
1867
Danish gambit introduced generally by von der Lasa.
1867.04.22
Petrov died in Warsaw. 1st strong Russian player.
1867.06.04
Kolisch wins Paris tournament. Presented a vase by Napoleon.
1867.06.12
Hamilton-Russell, Frederick born in England. President of BCF.
1867.06.24
1st time mechanical clocks used, in Paris.
1867.09.01
1st time draws count as 1/2 point - Dundee international.
1867.09.14
Dundee International, won by Neumann, and Fraser & Steinitz.
1867.10
Last issue of the CHESS PLAYERS'MONTHLY, edited by Lowenthal.
1867.10.27
Behting (Betins), Karl born in Berzmuiza, Russia. Behting variation.
1868
Ajeeb created by Hooper & exhibited at Royal Polytechnical Institute.
1868
Winawer wins in Warsaw.
1868
TRANSACTIONS OF THE BRITISH CHESS ASSOCIATION published.
1868.01.14
Bettmann, Henry born in Cincinnati. Chess problemist.
1868.05.31
1st Northern German Chess Fed, Hamburg, won by Max Lange.
1868.06.07
Janowsi b. Woldowysk. German ch 1902. World challenger 1910.
1868.06.24
Murray b. Camberwell. Author of HISTORY OF CHESS. (BCM 1974,240)
1868.08.17
Forbes, Duncan died in London. Wrote history of chess.
1868.11.23
2nd British Ch, London, won by Blackburne.
1868.12.24
Lasker, Emanuel b. in Berlinchen in Brandenburg. World ch 1894-1921.
1868.12.24
Teichmann b. in Altenburg. German master.
1869
1st documented proposal for tie-breaks, by Zborzek of Prague.
1869.01
Longest master tourney, NY. 48 players. Mackenzie won (+82 -8).
1869.03
Last issue of Staunton's, THE CHESS WORLD.
1869.07.24
2nd North German Federation, Anderssen 1st.
1870
1st correspondence chess club founded in England.
1870
Rousseau, Eugene died. French player.
1870.01.05
Helms, Hermann born in Brooklyn. IA 1954. Dean of American chess.
1870.01.10
Rinck born in France. Leading endgame composer (2,000).
1870.03.03
Maroczy, Geza born in Szeged. Hungarian ch 1932. GM 1950
1870.05.15
Bryan, Thomas died aboard ship in the Atlantic. Bryan variation.
1870.07.16
1st chess clocks used - Baden-Baden
1870.07.18
Anderssen wins at Baden-Baden, ahead of Steintiz and Blackburne.
1870.07.20
Heathcote, Godfrey born in Manchester. Composer.
1870.08.22
Lewis, William died. Chess theoretician, teacher, & author.
1870.09.24
Berger won the 1st tournament in the Austro-Hungarina empire, Graz.
1870.10.10
3rd British Championship, London, Wisker 1st (tb) and Burn.
1870.11.09
1st interstate match by telegraphy in Australia, Victoria vs N.S.
Wales.
1870.12.16
Finn, Kate born in England. 1st British women's ch 1904. Won again in
1905.
1871
1st county match in England, Yorkshire-Lancashire.
1871
Benedict, Clare born in America. Chess patron. Granddaughter of
Fenimore Cooper.
1871
1st round robin tournament introduced in the US.
1871.02.10
Agnel, Yhacinth died in West Point, NY. Author.
1871.02.22
Englund, Fritz born in Vastervik, Sweden. Englund Gambit.
1871.11.28
Walbrodt b. Amsterdam. German co-champion 1893 with Bardeleben.
1871.12.04
Start of the 2nd American Chess Congress.
1871.12.15
2nd American Chess Congress was $100 1st prize. Total prize $290.
1871.12.15
2nd American Chess Congress, Cleveland, Mackenzie 1st. (9 players)
1872
Schliemann died.
1872
Canadian Chess Association founded.
1872
Carroll writes THROUGH THE LOOKING GLASS AND WHAT ALICE FOUND THERE.
1872
PRICE; Edith Price b. London. British ch 5 times. Challenger 1927,
1933.
1872
Papers presented to Berlin Royal Academy of Science on chess history.
1872
SCHACHZEITUNG DER BERLINER renamed to DEUTSCH SCHACHZEITUNG.
1872
Steinitz defeats Zukertort in match.
1872.01
Ware named president of the American Chess Foundation.
1872.01.15
Grimm, Vincent died in Budapest. Grimm Attack.
1872.01.27
Sergeant born.
1872.03.17
Jaenisch died. Leading Russian theoretician and chess author.
1872.07.02
Start of the 4th British Ch in London.
1872.07.14
2nd British Chess Association, London, Steinitz 1st.
1872.07.14
Wisker 1st to win British Championship twice in succession; London.
1872.07.22
Griffith, Richard born in London. British ch 1912. Co-author of MCO.
1872.08.03
Evans, William died in Ostend, Belgium.
1872.08.17
Calvi, Iganzio died in Modena, Italy. Italian player and composer.
1872.08.20
Atkins, Henry born in Leicester, England. Won Br ch 9 times, 7 times
in a row. IM 1950; Elo: 2540
1872.10.29
Saint-Amant d. at Hydra, Algeria after being thrown from carriage.
(Age 73)
1872.12.05
Pillsbury b. Somerville, MA. US ch 1897, 1898. Ger. ch. 1900.
1873
1st Netherlands Chess Federation, Gifford 1st at The Hague.
1873
Bird introduces Bird's Opening against Wisker.
1873
Blackburne gets the nickname 'Black Death' after playing in Vienna.
1873
Creevey, James born in Ireland.
1873
Walker ends his chess column in Bell's Life after 38 years.
1873.03.28
1st Oxford-Cambridge chess match.
1873.05.16
1st Canadian Championship, Toronto. Ensor 1st.
1873.05.23
Dutch Chess Federation founded.
1873.06.24
Corzo y Principe, Juan born in Madrid. Cuban ch 1902.
1873.08
1st tie-breaking system, Sonnenborn-Berger, used by Gelbfuhs, Vienna.
1873.09.19
Charousek, Rudolf born in Prague. Elo: 2570
1873.10.17
Guretzky-Cornitz, Bernhard died in Berlin. Endgame analyst.
1873.12.06
Blake, Percy born in Manchester, England. Problemist.
1873.12.12
Barry, John born in Boston.
1873.12.14
Chajes, Oscar born in Brody, Russia. Elo: 2440
1874
Brooklyn Chess Club Ch, Delmar 1st.
1874
Gossip publishes THE CHESS-PLAYERS'S MANUAL, a 900 page opening book.
1874
City of London Chess Magazine published by Potter.
1874
DeLelie wins 2nd Netherland Ch in Amsterdam.
1874
Hicks wins 2nd Canadian Ch in Montreal.
1874.03.02
Schlecter b. Vienna. Ger. ch. 1900, 1904, 1910. Challenger 1910.
1874.05.14
Sotheby's holds important chess book auction (BCM 1974,171)
1874.06.22
Staunton died in his library chair, London, of a heart attack.
1874.07
American Chess Association transformed into National Chess
Association.
1874.07.07
Start of the 3rd American Chess Congress.
1874.07.16
3rd American Chess Congress had $450 in prizes; players had to pay $20
EF.
1874.07.16
3rd American Chess Congress, Chicago, Mackenzie 1st. (8 players)
1874.08.20
Barnes, Thomas reduced his weight by 130 pounds in 10 months and died.
1874.10.01
Fahrni, Hans born in Prague. Elo: 2480. 1st to play 100
simultaneously, 1911.
1874.12
Van der Linde publishes his 1st book on history of chess.
1875
WOLF; Heinrich Wolf, Austrian master, born.
1875
Bartmanski, Henryk born in Poland. Bartmanski variation
1875
Gifford wins 3rd Netherlands Ch in Rotterdam.
1875
Hoessler, Anton born. Inventor of the Ingo rating system.
1875
Jackson wins 3rd Canadian ch in Ottawa.
1875
LEOPOLD; Prince Leopold, later Duke of Albany, President of Oxford U
CC.
1875
NEWHAM; Samuel Newham, England's leading provincial player, died.
1875.02.09
VERE; Cecil de Vere died of tuberculosis (age 29). 1st British
champion.
1875.02.09
de Vere, Cecil (ne Brown) died in Torquay, England. Elo: 2450. Winner
of 1st Britich ch, 1866.
1875.04.26
1st Italian ch, Rome, Seni 1st.
1876
1st Russian chess magazine, published by Tchigorin.
1876
CHESS THEORY AND PRACTICE published by Wormald (and Staunton).
1876
Kling, pioneer endgame analyst, died.
1876
Mephisto 1st exhibited at Westminster Aquarium in London.
1876
Pauly, Wolfgang born. Greatest problemist of Romania.
1876
Royal Library in The Hague buys the Van Der Linde collection.
1876
Sanderson wins 4th Canadian Ch in Hamilton.
1876
Vogel wins 4th Netherlands Ch in Gouda.
1876
brilliancy prize, first. Tournament in NY.
1876.03.27
London (cigar divan), Blackburne 1st.
1876.05.17
Hamppe, Carl died in Gersau, Switzerland. Elo: 2410. Hamppe opening.
1876.05.28
Allen, George died in Worcester, MA.
1876.05.29
Holzhausen, Walther born in Opava, Czechoslovakia. Elo: 2410.
Holzhausen Attack.
1876.07.21
Lowenthal d. Hastings. Strong British player.
1876.08
New York (Cafe international), Mackenzie 1st.
1876.08.17
Start of the 4th American Chess Congress. 1st to attract foreigh
masters.
1876.08.31
4th American Chess Congress, Philadelphia, Mason 1st (not US citizen)
1876.09
1st attempt to copyright a chess game.
1876.09.01
1st brilliancy prize, a silver cup, awarded to Bird over Mason, NY.
1876.09.20
New York (NY Clipper tournament), Mason 1st.
1876.11.23
Heinrichsen, Arved born in Vilnius, Lithuania. Heinrichsen opening.
1877
German National Body formed; Germany becomes leading chess nation.
1877
Leonhardt born.
1877
Cranston, T.G. born in Dublin. Irish ch 1922, 1931.
1877
Daniels wins 5th Netherlands Ch in The Hague.
1877
Heath, Christopher born in London. 1923-4 Scottish Ch. Heath var.
1877
Shinkman invents the 1st mutate of a block position problem
1877.01.31
Green, Valentine died in London. Green var.
1877.08.10
Marshall b. NY. Ger. ch. 1906, 1908. Challenger 1907. US Ch 1909.
1877.09.27
Gelbfuhs, Oscar died in Tesin, Czechoslovakia. Tie-breaking method.
1877.12.01
1st meeting of the Manhattan Chess Club (37 people).
1878
1st East German Championship, Konigsberg, Hasford 1st.
1878
1st appearance of Mephisto by Gumpel.
1878
1st time the sealed move introduced, in Paris.
1878
London (Lowenthal cup), Wayte 1st.
1878
Barasz, Zsigmond born in Hungary. Analysed the Budapest Defense. Elo:
2440
1878
CHESS STRATEGY by Loyd published. Contains 500 of his problems.
1878
Counties' Chess Assn Handicap tournament won by Mephisto (Gunsberg).
1878
MacDonnell withdraws from tourney unless Mephisto player identified.
1878
Sprega wins 2nd Italian Ch in Livorno.
1878
Swiderski, Rudolf born.
1878
Van't Kruijs wins 6th Netherlands Ch in Amsterdam.
1878
Worrall, Thomas died. British Commissioner in Mexico.
1878.01
Telephone chess first played.
1878.01.25
1st documented telephone match, in Derbyshire. Between F. Thompson and
J. Cooper.
1878.02.15
1st New York State Championship, Cox 1st.
1878.03.02
Bernard, Henry born in Devon, England. Problemist.
1878.03.02
Cochrane, John died in London. Scottish player. Founder of the
romantic style.
1878.06.18
Paris, Zukertort 1st.
1878.08.12
Duhm, Hans born in Gottingen, Germany. 1901 Switzerland co-champ.
1878.10.11
Colman, Eugene born in Merton, England. Colman var. discovered while
POW in Japan.
1878.11.20
Collijn, Ludvig born in Stockholm. Chess patron. President of the
Swedish Chess Ass. from 1917 to 1939.
1879
2nd New York State Championship, Auburn, Richmond 1st.
1879
Chess Monthly published by Zukertort.. Stopped in 1896.
1879
College Chess Club,a women's chess club formed. Disbanded after
marriages (BCM 1981,403)
1879
Dupre, C. wins 7th Netherlands Ch in Rotterdam.
1879
Pope wins 7th Canadian Ch in Ottawa.
1879.01
Ascher wins 6th Canadian Ch in Montreal.
1879.01.15
St Petersburg, Tchigorin 1st.
1879.03.13
Anderssen, Adolf died in Breslau from a heart ailment. Elo: 2600
1879.04.02
Goring, Carl died in Eisenach, Germany. Goring gambit.
1879.04.23
Walker, George died. Chess columnist in London.
1879.07.20
1st German Chess Federation, Leipzig, Englisch 1st.
1879.08
City of London Chess Club Championship, Bird 1st.
1879.08.19
1st New Zealand Championship, Christchurch, Hookham 1st.
1879.09.26
Dus-Chotimirsky, Fedor born in Kozel, Russia. IM 1950.
1879.11.27
Hundsdorfer, Wolfgang born in Munich. Problemist.
1880
1st chess club in Russia, organized by Tchigorin.
1880
1st intercontinental telegraph match. 2 games played between Liverpool
and Calcutta. Code by Rutherford.
1880
Andreaschek, Karl born in Czechoslovakia. Gambit named after him.
1880
Bird wins 8th Netherlands Ch in Gouda.
1880
Flamberg, Aleksander born in Warsaw. Elo: 2480. Warsaw ch 1910.
1880
Mackenzie defeats Max Judd of St Louis (+7-5=3).
1880
Paulsen wins strong tournament in Brunswick, Germany.
1880
Perlis, Julius born. Viennese player.
1880
Przepiorka, Dawid born. Polish player.
1880
Van der Linde published his 2nd book on history of chess.
1880.01.06
Start of the 5th American Chess Congress (10 players).
1880.01.26
5th American Chess Congress was the 1st to have a tie and playoff for
an American title.
1880.01.26
5th American Chess Congress, new york, Mackenzie 1st (tb) and Grundy.
1880.02.11
Durand, Philippe died in Lisieux, France. Wrote 1st book devoted to
the practical endgame.
1880.03.03
WHITE; Alain White b.
1880.06.21
3rd New York ch, Syracuse, Calthrop 1st.
1880.07.03
Barnes, Albert publishes analysis of the Barnes Defense in Canada.
1880.09.16
Carls, Carl born in Varel, Germany. German ch 1934. IM 1951. Elo: 2450
1880.11.11
Collijn, Gustaf born in Stockholm. With his brother, Ludvig, wrote
LAROBOK.
1880.12.03
1st French ch, Paris, Rosenthal 1st.
1881
Blackmar gambit first analysed and published.
1881
Cavalotti introduces the Albin Countergambit against Salvioli, Milan.
1881
KLEINES LEHRBUCH DES SCHACHSPIELS by Dufresne published.
1881
Preti, Jean-Louis died. Chess writer. Started LA STRATEGIE.
1881
Salvioli wins 3rd Italian Ch in Milan.
1881
Shaw wins 8th Canadian Ch in Ottawa.
1881
Van der Linde publishes his 3rd book on history of chess.
1881.01.01
1st BRITISH CHESS MAGAZINE, oldest mag without a break. Watkinson is
editor.
1881.01.17
Napier b. London. Br. ch 1904. Married Pillsbury's niece.
1881.02.16
Neumann died in Allenberg. Suffered from mental illness.
1881.03.24
PLATOV; Vasily Platov born.
1881.04.02
Howell, Clarence born in New York City. Howell Attack.
1881.06
Manhattan Chess Club ch, Teed 1st.
1881.06.14
THOMAS; Sir George Thomas b. Istanbul. Br. ch. 1923, 1934. London ch
1946.
1881.07
Brentano's Chess Monthly publised in NY.
1881.08.29
2nd German Chess Fed, Berlin, Blackburne 1st.
1881.10.05
Fleischmann, Leo (also Forgacs) born in Budapest. Elo: 2520 Hungary ch
1907.
1881.12.03
Sergeant b. Gateshead. London ch 1951.
1881.12.15
du Mont, Julius born in Paris.
1882
1st Italian chess column in the Enganeo, a Padua paper.
1882
1st time NimzoIndian Defense played, by Englisch against Steinitz.
1882
1st time in England of Sonneborn-Berger tiebreaker in Liverpool CC.
1882
BEECHEY; Frideswide Beechey is 1st woman to win prize as composer of
chess problems.
1882
Journaud, French chess editor died.
1882
Mason made 72 consecutive Queen moves against Mackenzie, London.
1882
Messemaker wins 10th Netherlands Ch in the Hague.
1882.01
Sanderson wins 9th Canadian Ch in Quebec.
1882.01.13
Boden, Samuel died of scarlet fever in London. Elo: 2470
1882.05.11
Longest winning streak, 25 wins, Steinitz. Began on 4 Aug, 1873.
1882.05.28
Edge, Frederick died in London. Journalist.
1882.06.26
Vienna, Steinitz & Winawer 1st (18 players).
1882.07
Moscow Chess Club ch, Durnovo & Schmidt 1st.
1882.10.02
Bernstein, Ossip born in Jitomir, Ukraine. GM 1950; IA 1952. Elo:
2590.
1882.10.12
Rubinstein b. Stawiski. Ch. of 4 countries. GM 1950.
1882.10.30
Duras, Oldrich born in Prague. Czech ch 3 times and German ch. GM
1950. Elo: 2580
1882.12
Beechey is 1st woman to write a chess column.
1882.12.11
Graves, Frank born in Alvarado, TX. USCF President 1954.
1882.12.27
Rueb, Alexandre born in La Haye. 1st FIDE President.
1883
Manhattan Chess Club Handicap, Simonson 1st.
1883
1st Forsyth notation for giving positions in the Glasgow Weekly
Herald.
1883
1st International Problem Tourney for Ladies, by Frideswide Beechey.
(BCM 1981,403)
1883
Winawer wins 3rd German Ch in Nuremberg.
1883
Zannoni wins 4th Italian Ch in Venice.
1883
play published called MATE by Charles Jolliet.
1883.01
Ascher and Howe win 10th Canadian Ch in Montreal.
1883.04.26
1st day of the London International Tournament, 1st tourney in which
clocks were used.
1883.05.05
Spielmann b. Vienna. Nordic ch 1919. German ch 1927. Died 20 Aug 1942.
1883.05.10
Hennig, Heinrich born in Germany. Hennig-Schara Gambit. Admiral.
1883.05.19
Henneberger, Walter born in Ennenda, Switzerland. Henneberger var.
1883.06.01
1st mechanical double-faced clock (Wilson) - London (15 moves/hour).
1883.06.23
London, Zukertort 1st, Steinitz 2nd.
1883.08.31
Balla, Zoltan born in Budapest. Elo: 2450
1883.10.27
Harley, Brian born in Saffron Walden, England. Composer.
1883.12.02
Daly, Harlow born in Dorchester, MA.
1883.12.26
Ahues, Carl born in Bremen. German ch. 1929. IM 1950. Elo: 2490.
1884
1st Manhattan Chess Club ch, Ryan 1st.
1884
1st patent for chess clock by A. Schierwater.
1884
Philadelphia Chess Club ch, Michaelis 1st.
1884
Scottish Chess Association, oldest in the world, founded.
1884
1st womens' chess tourney, sponsored by the Sussex Chess Assn. (BCM
1981,403)
1884
CHESS STUDIES AND ENDGAMES, by Horwitz, published. 427 positions.
1884
First chess patent, for a clock.
1884
Golden Gate chess club formed in San Francisco.
1884
Lambert wins 11th Canadian Ch in Ottawa.
1884
Messemaker wins 12th Netherlands Ch in Gouda.
1884
Prokes, Ladislav born.
1884.01
1st photo in BCM.
1884.01.09
Harrwitz, Daniel died in Bozen, Italy. Strong German player of his
day. Elo: 2520.
1884.01.16
Yates born Leeds. British champion 6 times.
1884.01.18
Wisker died from bronchitis & consumtion in Melbourne.
1884.03.01
Cohn, Eric born in Berlin. Elo: 2480. Medical doctor.
1884.03.18
1st telephone chess match between Cardiff and Swansea.
1884.06.05
Blumenfeld, Beniamin born in Volkovisk, Russia. Russian chess
theortician. Elo: 2390
1884.07.10
Morphy died in New Orleans of apolexy at the age of 47.
1884.07.21
Start of the 1st Scottish Ch in Glasgow.
1884.07.24
British Chess Assn inaugurated. Pres, Churchill; VP, Tennyson (BCM
1974,174)
1884.07.25
1st Scottish ch, Glasgow, Crum 1st.
1884.08.27
Znosko-Borovsky b. Alexandrovitch.
1884.09.16
Anderson, Magnus born in Melbourne. Collected 6,000 chess books.
1884.11.28
Ilyin-Genevsky b. St Petersburg. Leningrad ch. 1925, 1926, 1929.
1885
Krylenko born.
1885
1st Australian ch. Melbourne. Won by Esling, defeating Gossip.
1885
Ajeeb makes its debut in the United States (New York).
1885
American association of chess editors formed.
1885
CHURCHILL; Lord Randolph Churchill elected Vice President of the BCF.
1885
Gunsberg wins 4th German ch in Hamburg.
1885
Havana Chess Club formed. Site of 3 world chess championships, 1889,
1892, 1921.
1885
Hereford Times confers 1 f4 as Bird's Opening.
1885
Krejcik born.
1885
Pollock wins 2nd Irish Ch in Dublin.
1885
TRABUE; Col Trabue to hold tourney funded by pinapples in Florida (BCM
1980,599)
1885
Tchigorin edits Achackmatni Vestnik.
1885
Tennyson, Poet Laureate, becomes President of the BCF.
1885
Van Foreest wins 13th Netherlands Ch in The Hague.
1885.01
Steinitz edits THE INTERNATIONAL CHESS MAGAZINE until Dec, 1891.
1885.05.11
2nd Manhattan chess club ch, Delmar 1st.
1885.06.15
1st Congress of British Chess Association, London; Gunsberg 1st.
1885.06.22
Vidmar, Milan born in Ljubljana. Nordic ch 1909. Yug ch 1939. GM 1950.
1885.08.03
Start of 2nd Scottish Ch, Edinburgh.
1885.08.08
Mills wins 2nd Scottish Ch.
1885.08.29
Horwitz, Bernhard died in London. Leading player and composer of his
day. Elo: 2420
1885.10.17
1st Irish chess association, Dublin, Pollock 1st.
1885.12
Franklin chess club ch, Philadelphia, Newman 1st.
1885.12.03
Lasker, Ed born in Poland.
1885.12.14
Falkbeer, Ernst died in Vienna. Chess editor. Edited THE CHESS
PLAYERS' MAGAZINE. Elo: 2410.
1886
1st chess clock marketed in Liverpool (BCM 1980,599).
1886
Analysis of Caro-Kann appear in the chess magazine, BRUDERSCHAFT.
1886
Helsinki Chess Club formed.
1886
Hooper ships Ajeeb to Eden Museum, NYC.
1886
KANN; Marcus Kann died.
1886
MacLeod wins 12th Canadian Ch in Quebec.
1886
Mackenzie beats S. Lipschutz (5-3, 5 draws).
1886
Pollock wins 3rd Irish Ch in Belfast.
1886
Sonneborn and J. Berger publicize the Sonneborn-Berger method.
1886
THOMSON; Florence Thomson b. Glasgow. Scottish ch. World women's ch.
1937.
1886
Van Foreest wins 14th Netherlands Ch, Utrecht.
1886
Zannoni wins 5th Italian Ch in Rome.
1886.01
1st telephone match, between Manchester and Liverpool.
1886.01
Issue No. 86 of Dubuque Chess Journal. Issue No. 85 appeared in 1878.
1886.01.11
1st use of a demonstration board in a world championship match.
1886.01.11
1st world ch. match, Steinitz-Zukertort, New York, begins.
1886.01.23