The Fall of the House of Usher
  by Edgar Allen Poe
 
 

                                               Son coeur est un luth suspendu;
                                               Sitot qu'on le touche il resonne.
                                                            De Beranger.

                         During the whole of a dull, dark, and soundless day in the autumn
                     of the year, when the clouds hung oppressively low in the heavens, had
                     been passing alone, on horseback, through a singularly dreary tract of
                     country; and at length found myself, as the shades of the evening drew
                     on, within view of the melancholy House of Usher. I know not how it
                     was --but, with the first glimpse of the building, a sense of insufferable
                     gloom pervaded my spirit. I say insufferable; for the feeling was
                     unrelieved by any of that half-pleasurable, because poetic, sentiment,
                     with which the mind usually receives even the sternest natural images of
                     the desolate or terrible. I looked upon the scene before me --upon the
                     mere house, and the simple landscape features of the domain --upon the
                     bleak walls --upon the vacant eye-like windows --upon a few rank
                     sedges --and upon a few white trunks of decayed trees --with an utter
                     depression of soul which I can compare to no earthly sensation more
                     properly than to the after-dream of the reveller upon opium --the bitter
                     lapse into everyday life-the hideous dropping off of the reveller upon
                     opium--the bitter lapse into everyday life --the hideous dropping off of
                     the veil. There was an iciness, a sinking, a sickening of the heart --an
                     unredeemed dreariness of thought which no goading of the imagination
                     could torture into aught of the sublime. What was it --I paused to think
                     --what was it that so unnerved me in the contemplation of the House of
                     Usher? It was a mystery all insoluble; nor could I grapple with the
                     shadowy fancies that crowded upon me as I pondered. I was forced to
                     fall back upon the unsatisfactory conclusion, that while, beyond doubt,
                     there are combinations of very simple natural objects which have the
                     power of thus affecting us, still the analysis of this power lies among
                     considerations beyond our depth. It was possible, I reflected, that a mere
                     different arrangement of the particulars of the scene, of the details of the
                     picture, would be sufficient to modify, or perhaps to annihilate its
                     capacity for sorrowful impression; and, acting upon this idea, I reined my
                     horse to the precipitous brink of a black and lurid tarn that lay in unruffled
                     lustre by the dwelling, and gazed down --but with a shudder even more
                     thrilling than before --upon the remodelled and inverted images of the
                     gray sedge, and the ghastly tree-stems, and the vacant and eye-like
                     windows. Nevertheless, in this mansion of gloom I now proposed to
                     myself asojourn of some weeks. Its proprietor, Roderick Usher, had
                     been one ofmy boon companions in boyhood; but many years had
                     elapsed since ourlast meeting. A letter, however, had lately reached me in
                     a distantpart of the country --a letter from him --which, in its
                     wildlyimportunate nature, had admitted of no other than a personal
                     reply.The MS. gave evidence of nervous agitation. The writer spoke
                     ofacute bodily illness --of a mental disorder which oppressed him--and
                     of an earnest desire to see me, as his best, and indeed his only personal
                     friend, with a view of attempting, by the cheerfulness of my society, some
                     alleviation of his malady. It was the manner in which all this, and much
                     more, was said --it the apparent heart that went with his request --which
                     allowed me no room for hesitation; and I accordingly obeyed forthwith
                     what I still considered a very singular summons. Although, as boys, we
                     had been even intimate associates, yet really knew little of my friend. His
                     reserve had been always excessive and habitual. I was aware, however,
                     that his very ancient family had been noted, time out of mind, for a
                     peculiar sensibility of temperament, displaying itself, through long ages, in
                     many works of exalted art, and manifested, of late, in repeated deeds of
                     munificent yet unobtrusive charity, as well as in a passionate devotion to
                     the intricacies, perhaps even more than to the orthodox and easily
                     recognisable beauties, of musical science. I had learned, too, the very
                     remarkable fact, that the stem of the Usher race, all time-honoured as it
                     was, had put forth, at no period, any enduring branch; in other words,
                     that the entire family lay in the direct line of descent, and had always, with
                     very trifling and very temporary variation, so lain. It was this deficiency, I
                     considered, while running over in thought the perfect keeping of the
                     character of the premises with the accredited character of the people,
                     and while speculating upon the possible influence which the one, in the
                     long lapse of centuries, might have exercised upon the other --it was this
                     deficiency, perhaps, of collateral issue, and the consequent undeviating
                     transmission, from sire to son, of the patrimony withthe name, which had,
                     at length, so identified the two as to merge the original title of the estate in
                     the quaint and equivocal appellation of the "House of Usher" --an
                     appellation which seemed to include, in the minds of the peasantry who
                     used it, both the family and the family mansion. I have said that the sole
                     effect of my somewhat childish experiment --that of looking down within
                     the tarn --had been to deepen the first singular impression. There can be
                     no doubt that the consciousness of the rapid increase of my superstition
                     --for why should I not so term it? --served mainly to accelerate the
                     increase itself. Such, I have long known, is the paradoxical law of all
                     sentiments having terror as a basis. And it might have been for this reason
                     only, that, when I again uplifted my eyes to the houseitself, from its image
                     in the pool, there grew in my mind a strange fancy --a fancy so ridiculous,
                     indeed, that I but mention it to show the vivid force of the sensations
                     which oppressed me. I had so worked upon my imagination as really to
                     believe that about the whole mansion and domain there hung an
                     atmosphere peculiar to themselves and their immediate vicinity- an
                     atmosphere which had no affinity with the air of heaven, but which had
                     reeked up from the decayed trees, and the gray wall, and the silent tarn
                     --a pestilent and mystic vapour, dull, sluggish, faintly discernible, and
                     leaden-hued.

                        Shaking off from my spirit what must have been a dream, I scanned
                     more narrowly the real aspect of the building. Its principal feature seemed
                     to be that of an excessive antiquity. The discoloration of ages had been
                     great. Minute fungi overspread the whole exterior, hanging in a fine
                     tangled web-work from the eaves. Yet all this was apart from any
                     extraordinary dilapidation. No portion of the masonry had fallen; and
                     there appeared to be a wild inconsistency between its still perfect
                     adaptation of parts, and the crumbling condition of the individual stones.
                     In this there was much that reminded me of the specious totality of old
                     wood-work which has rotted for long years in some neglected vault, with
                     no disturbance from the breath of the external air. Beyond this indication
                     of extensive decay, however, the fabric gave little token of instability.
                     Perhaps the eye of a scrutinising observer might have discovered a barely
                     perceptible fissure, which, extending from the roof of the building in front,
                     made its way down the wall in a zigzag direction, until it became lost in
                     the sullen waters of the tarn.

                        Noticing these things, I rode over a short causeway to the house. A
                     servant in waiting took my horse, and I entered the Gothic archway of
                     the hall. A valet, of stealthy step, thence conducted me, in silence,
                     through many dark and intricate passages in my progress to the studio of
                     his master. Much that I encountered on the way contributed, I know not
                     how, to heighten the vague sentiments of which I have already spoken.
                     While the objects around me --while the carvings of the ceilings, the
                     sombre tapestries of the walls, the ebon blackness of the floors, and the
                     phantasmagoric armorial trophies which rattled as I strode, were but
                     matters to which, or to such as which, I had been accustomed from my
                     infancy --while I hesitated not to acknowledge how familiar was all this
                     --I still wondered to find how unfamiliar were the fancies which ordinary
                     images were stirring up. On one of the staircases, I met the physician of
                     the family. His countenance, I thought, wore a mingled expression of low
                     cunning and perplexity. He accosted me with trepidation and passed on.
                     The valet now threw open a door and ushered me into the presence of
                     his master.

                        The room in which I found myself was very large and lofty. The
                     windows were long, narrow, and pointed, and at so vast a distance from
                     the black oaken floor as to be altogether inaccessible from within. Feeble
                     gleams of encrimsoned light made their way through the trellised panes,
                     and served to render sufficiently distinct the more prominent objects
                     around the eye, however, struggled in vain to reach the remoter angles of
                     the chamber, or the recesses of the vaulted and fretted ceiling. Dark
                     draperies hung upon the walls. The general furniture was profuse,
                     comfortless, antique, and tattered. Many books and musical instruments
                     lay scattered about, but failed to give any vitality to the scene. I felt that I
                     breathed an atmosphere of sorrow. An air of stern, deep, and
                     irredeemable gloom hung over and pervaded all.

                        Upon my entrance, Usher arose from a sofa on which he had been
                     lying at full length, and greeted me with a vivacious warmth which had
                     much in it, I at first thought, of an overdone cordiality --of the constrained
                     effort of the ennuye man of the world. A glance, however, at his
                     countenance, convinced me of his perfect sincerity. We sat down; and
                     for some moments, while he spoke not, I gazed upon him with a feeling
                     half of pity, half of awe. Surely, man had never before so terribly altered,
                     in so brief a period, as had Roderick Usher! It was with difficulty that I
                     could bring myself to admit the identity of the wan being before me with
                     the companion of my early boyhood. Yet the character of his face had
                     been at all times remarkable. A cadaverousness of complexion; an eye
                     large, liquid, and luminous beyond comparison; lips somewhat thin and
                     very pallid, but of a surpassingly beautiful curve; a nose of a delicate
                     Hebrew model, but with a breadth of nostril unusual in similar formations;
                     a finely moulded chin, speaking, in its want of prominence, of a want of
                     moral energy; hair of a more than web-like softness and tenuity; these
                     features, with an inordinate expansion above the regions of the temple,
                     made up altogether a countenance not easily to be forgotten. And now in
                     the mere exaggeration of the prevailing character of these features, and of
                     the expression they were wont to convey, lay so much of change that I
                     doubted to whom I spoke. The now ghastly pallor of the skin, and the
                     now miraculous lustre of the eve, above all things startled and even awed
                     me. The silken hair, too, had been suffered to grow all unheeded, and as,
                     in its wild gossamer texture, it floated rather than fell about the face, I
                     could not, even with effort, connect its Arabesque expression with any
                     idea of simple humanity. In the manner of my friend I was at once struck
                     with an incoherence --an inconsistency; and I soon found this to arise
                     from a series of feeble and futile struggles to overcome an habitual
                     trepidancy --an excessive nervous agitation. For something of this nature
                     I had indeed been prepared, no less by his letter, than by reminiscences
                     of certain boyish traits, and by conclusions deduced from his peculiar
                     physical conformation and temperament. His action was alternately
                     vivacious and sullen. His voice varied rapidly from a tremulous indecision
                     (when the animal spirits seemed utterly in abeyance) to that species of
                     energetic concision --that abrupt, weighty, unhurried, and
                     hollow-sounding enunciation --that leaden, self-balanced and perfectly
                     modulated guttural utterance, which may be observed in the lost
                     drunkard, or the irreclaimable eater of opium, during the periods of his
                     most intense excitement.

                        It was thus that he spoke of the object of my visit, of his earnest
                     desire to see me, and of the solace he expected me to afford him. He
                     entered, at some length, into what he conceived to be the nature of his
                     malady. It was, he said, a constitutional and a family evil, and one for
                     which he despaired to find a remedy --a mere nervous affection, he
                     immediately added, which would undoubtedly soon pass off. It displayed
                     itself in a host of unnatural sensations. Some of these, as he detailed
                     them, interested and bewildered me; although, perhaps, the terms, and
                     the general manner of the narration had their weight. He suffered much
                     from a morbid acuteness of the senses; the most insipid food was alone
                     endurable; he could wear only garments of certain texture; the odours of
                     all flowers were oppressive; his eyes were tortured by even a faint light;
                     and there were but peculiar sounds, and these from stringed instruments,
                     which did not inspire him with horror.

                        To an anomalous species of terror I found him a bounden slave. "I
                     shall perish," said he, "I must perish in this deplorable folly. Thus, thus,
                     and not otherwise, shall I be lost. I dread the events of the future, not in
                     themselves, but in their results. I shudder at the thought of any, even the
                     most trivial, incident, which may operate upon this intolerable agitation of
                     soul. I have, indeed, no abhorrence of danger, except in its absolute
                     effect --in terror. In this unnerved-in this pitiable condition --I feel that the
                     period will sooner or later arrive when I must abandon life and reason
                     together, in some struggle with the grim phantasm, FEAR."

                        I learned, moreover, at intervals, and through broken and equivocal
                     hints, another singular feature of his mental condition. He was enchained
                     by certain superstitious impressions in regard to the dwelling which he
                     tenanted, and whence, for many years, he had never ventured forth --in
                     regard to an influence whose supposititious force was conveyed in terms
                     too shadowy here to be re-stated --an influence which some peculiarities
                     in the mere form and substance of his family mansion, had, by dint of long
                     sufferance, he said, obtained over his spirit-an effect which the physique
                     of the gray walls and turrets, and of the dim tarn into which they all
                     looked down, had, at length, brought about upon the morale of his
                     existence.

                        He admitted, however, although with hesitation, that much of the
                     peculiar gloom which thus afflicted him could be traced to a more natural
                     and far more palpable origin --to the severe and long-continued illness
                     --indeed to the evidently approaching dissolution-of a tenderly beloved
                     sister --his sole companion for long years --his last and only relative on
                     earth. "Her decease," he said, with a bitterness which I can never forget,
                     "would leave him (him the hopeless and the frail) the last of the ancient
                     race of the Ushers." While he spoke, the lady Madeline (for so was she
                     called) passed slowly through a remote portion of the apartment, and,
                     without having noticed my presence, disappeared. I regarded her with an
                     utter astonishment not unmingled with dread --and yet I found it
                     impossible to account for such feelings. A sensation of stupor oppressed
                     me, as my eyes followed her retreating steps. When a door, at length,
                     closed upon her, my glance sought instinctively and eagerly the
                     countenance of the brother --but he had buried his face in his hands, and
                     I could only perceive that a far more than ordinary wanness had
                     overspread the emaciated fingers through which trickled many passionate
                     tears.

                        The disease of the lady Madeline had long baffled the skill of her
                     physicians. A settled apathy, a gradual wasting away of the person, and
                     frequent although transient affections of a partially cataleptical character,
                     were the unusual diagnosis. Hitherto she had steadily borne up against the
                     pressure of her malady, and had not betaken herself finally to bed; but,
                     on the closing in of the evening of my arrival at the house, she succumbed
                     (as her brother told me at night within expressible agitation) to the
                     prostrating power of the destroyer; and I learned that the glimpse I had
                     obtained of her person would thus probably be the last I should obtain
                     --that the lady, at least while living, would be seen by me no more.

                        For several days ensuing, her name was unmentioned by either Usher
                     or myself: and during this period I was busied in earnest endeavours to
                     alleviate the melancholy of my friend. We painted and read together; or I
                     listened, as if in a dream, to the wild improvisations of his speaking guitar.
                     And thus, as a closer and still intimacy admitted me more unreservedly
                     into the recesses of his spirit, the more bitterly did I perceive the futility of
                     all attempt at cheering a mind from which darkness, as if an inherent
                     positive quality, poured forth upon all objects of the moral and physical
                     universe, in one unceasing radiation of gloom.

                        I shall ever bear about me a memory of the many solemn hours I thus
                     spent alone with the master of the House of Usher. Yet I should fail in
                     any attempt to convey an idea of the exact character of the studies, or of
                     the occupations, in which he involved me, or led me the way. An excited
                     and highly distempered ideality threw a sulphureous lustre over all. His
                     long improvised dirges will ring forever in my cars. Among other things, I
                     hold painfully in mind a certain singular perversion and amplification of the
                     wild air of the last waltz of Von Weber. From the paintings over which
                     his elaborate fancy brooded, and which grew, touch by touch, into
                     vaguenesses at which I shuddered the more thrillingly, because I
                     shuddered knowing not why; --from these paintings (vivid as their images
                     now are before me) I would in vain endeavour to educe more than a
                     small portion which should lie within the compass of merely written
                     words. By the utter simplicity, by the nakedness of his designs, he
                     arrested and overawed attention. If ever mortal painted an idea, that
                     mortal was Roderick Usher. For me at least --in the circumstances then
                     surrounding me --there arose out of the pure abstractions which the
                     hypochondriac contrived to throw upon his canvas, an intensity of
                     intolerable awe, no shadow of which felt I ever yet in the contemplation
                     of the certainly glowing yet too concrete reveries of Fuseli.

                        One of the phantasmagoric conceptions of my friend, partaking not
                     so rigidly of the spirit of abstraction, may be shadowed forth, although
                     feebly, in words. A small picture presented the interior of an immensely
                     long and rectangular vault or tunnel, with low walls, smooth, white, and
                     without interruption or device. Certain accessory points of the design
                     served well to convey the idea that this excavation lay at an exceeding
                     depth below the surface of the earth. No outlet was observed in any
                     portion of its vast extent, and no torch, or other artificial source of light
                     was discernible; yet a flood of intense rays rolled throughout, and bathed
                     the whole in a ghastly and inappropriate splendour.

                        I have just spoken of that morbid condition of the auditory nerve
                     which rendered all music intolerable to the sufferer, with the exception of
                     certain effects of stringed instruments. It was, perhaps, the narrow limits
                     to which he thus confined himself upon the guitar, which gave birth, in
                     great measure, to the fantastic character of his performances. But the
                     fervid facility of his impromptus could not be so accounted for. They
                     must have been, and were, in the notes, as well as in the words of his
                     wild fantasias (for he not unfrequently accompanied himself with rhymed
                     verbal improvisations), the result of that intense mental collectedness and
                     concentration to which I have previously alluded as observable only in
                     particular moments of the highest artificial excitement. The words of one
                     of these rhapsodies I have easily remembered. I was, perhaps, the more
                     forcibly impressed with it, as he gave it, because, in the under or mystic
                     current of its meaning, I fancied that I perceived, and for the first time, a
                     full consciousness on the part of Usher, of the tottering of his lofty reason
                     upon her throne. The verses, which were entitled "The Haunted Palace,"
                     ran very nearly, if not accurately, thus:
 

                                                I.
                                     In the greenest of our valleys,
                                       By good angels tenanted,
                                     Once fair and stately palace --
                                    Radiant palace --reared its head.
                                  In the monarch Thought's dominion --
                                           It stood there!
                                     Never seraph spread a pinion
                                       Over fabric half so fair.
                                               II.
                                    Banners yellow, glorious, golden,
                                     On its roof did float and flow;
                                    (This --all this --was in the olden
                                           Time long ago)
                                    And every gentle air that dallied,
                                         In that sweet day,
                                  Along the ramparts plumed and pallid,
                                     A winged odour went away.
                                               III.
                                     Wanderers in that happy valley
                                  Through two luminous windows saw
                                       Spirits moving musically
                                      To a lute's well-tuned law,
                                   Round about a throne, where sitting
                                          (Porphyrogene!)
                                     In state his glory well befitting,
                                    The ruler of the realm was seen.
                                               IV.
                                   And all with pearl and ruby glowing
                                       Was the fair palace door,
                               Through which came flowing, flowing, flowing
                                       And sparkling evermore,
                                  A troop of Echoes whose sweet duty
                                          Was but to sing,
                                     In voices of surpassing beauty,
                                    The wit and wisdom of their king.
                                               V.
                                   But evil things, in robes of sorrow,
                                   Assailed the monarch's high estate;
                                   (Ah, let us mourn, for never morrow
                                    Shall dawn upon him, desolate!)
                                  And, round about his home, the glory
                                      That blushed and bloomed
                                    Is but a dim-remembered story
                                      Of the old time entombed.
                                               VI.
                                  And travellers now within that valley,
                                   Through the red-litten windows, see
                                    Vast forms that move fantastically
                                       To a discordant melody;
                                    While, like a rapid ghastly river,
                                        Through the pale door,
                                   A hideous throng rush out forever,
                                    And laugh --but smile no more.
 

                        I well remember that suggestions arising from this ballad led us into a
                     train of thought wherein there became manifest an opinion of Usher's
                     which I mention not so much on account of its novelty, (for other men
                     have thought thus,) as on account of the pertinacity with which he
                     maintained it. This opinion, in its general form, was that of the sentience
                     of all vegetable things. But, in his disordered fancy, the idea had assumed
                     a more daring character, and trespassed, under certain conditions, upon
                     the kingdom of inorganization. I lack words to express the full extent, or
                     the earnest abandon of his persuasion. The belief, however, was
                     connected (as I have previously hinted) with the gray stones of the home
                     of his forefathers. The conditions of the sentience had been here, he
                     imagined, fulfilled in the method of collocation of these stones --in the
                     order of their arrangement, as well as in that of the many fungi which
                     overspread them, and of the decayed trees which stood around --above
                     all, in the long undisturbed endurance of this arrangement, and in its
                     reduplication in the still waters of the tarn. Its evidence --the evidence of
                     the sentience --was to be seen, he said, (and I here started as he spoke,)
                     in the gradual yet certain condensation of an atmosphere of their own
                     about the waters and the walls. The result was discoverable, he added, in
                     that silent, yet importunate and terrible influence which for centuries had
                     moulded the destinies of his family, and which made him what I now saw
                     him --what he was. Such opinions need no comment, and I will make
                     none.

                        Our books --the books which, for years, had formed no small
                     portion of the mental existence of the invalid --were, as might be
                     supposed, in strict keeping with this character of phantasm. We pored
                     together over such works as the Ververt et Chartreuse of Gresset; the
                     Belphegor of Machiavelli; the Heaven and Hell of Swedenborg; the
                     Subterranean Voyage of Nicholas Klimm by Holberg; the Chiromancy of
                     Robert Flud, of Jean D'Indagine, and of De la Chambre; the Journey into
                     the Blue Distance of Tieck; and the City of the Sun of Campanella. One
                     favourite volume was a small octavo edition of the Directorium
                     Inquisitorum, by the Dominican Eymeric de Gironne; and there were
                     passages in Pomponius Mela, about the old African Satyrs and
                     AEgipans, over which Usher would sit dreaming for hours. His chief
                     delight, however, was found in the perusal of an exceedingly rare and
                     curious book in quarto Gothic --the manual of a forgotten church --the
                     Vigilae Mortuorum secundum Chorum Ecclesiae Maguntinae.

                        I could not help thinking of the wild ritual of this work, and of its
                     probable influence upon the hypochondriac, when, one evening, having
                     informed me abruptly that the lady Madeline was no more, he stated his
                     intention of preserving her corpse for a fortnight, (previously to its final
                     interment,) in one of the numerous vaults within the main walls of the
                     building. The worldly reason, however, assigned for this singular
                     proceeding, was one which I did not feel at liberty to dispute. The
                     brother had been led to his resolution (so he told me) by consideration of
                     the unusual character of the malady of the deceased, of certain obtrusive
                     and eager inquiries on the part of her medical men, and of the remote and
                     exposed situation of the burial-ground of the family. I will not deny that
                     when I called to mind the sinister countenance of the person whom I met
                     upon the stair case, on the day of my arrival at the house, I had no desire
                     to oppose what I regarded as at best but a harmless, and by no means an
                     unnatural, precaution.

                        At the request of Usher, I personally aided him in the arrangements
                     for the temporary entombment. The body having been encoffined, we
                     two alone bore it to its rest. The vault in which we placed it (and which
                     had been so long unopened that our torches, half smothered in its
                     oppressive atmosphere, gave us little opportunity for investigation) was
                     small, damp, and entirely without means of admission for light; lying, at
                     great depth, immediately beneath that portion of the building in which was
                     my own sleeping apartment. It had been used, apparently, in remote
                     feudal times, for the worst purposes of a donjon-keep, and, in later days,
                     as a place of deposit for powder, or some other highly combustible
                     substance, as a portion of its floor, and the whole interior of a long
                     archway through which we reached it, were carefully sheathed with
                     copper. The door, of massive iron, had been, also, similarly protected.
                     Its immense weight caused an unusually sharp grating sound, as it moved
                     upon its hinges. Having deposited our mournful burden upon tressels
                     within this region of horror, we partially turned aside the yet unscrewed
                     lid of the coffin, and looked upon the face of the tenant. A striking
                     similitude between the brother and sister now first arrested my attention;
                     and Usher, divining, perhaps, my thoughts, murmured out some few
                     words from which I learned that the deceased and himself had been
                     twins, and that sympathies of a scarcely intelligible nature had always
                     existed between them. Our glances, however, rested not long upon the
                     dead --for we could not regard her unawed. The disease which had thus
                     entombed the lady in the maturity of youth, had left, as usual in all
                     maladies of a strictly cataleptical character, the mockery of a faint blush
                     upon the bosom and the face, and that suspiciously lingering smile upon
                     the lip which is so terrible in death. We replaced and screwed down the
                     lid, and, having secured the door of iron, made our way, with toll, into the
                     scarcely less gloomy apartments of the upper portion of the house.

                        And now, some days of bitter grief having elapsed, an observable
                     change came over the features of the mental disorder of my friend. His
                     ordinary manner had vanished. His ordinary occupations were neglected
                     or forgotten. He roamed from chamber to chamber with hurried, unequal,
                     and objectless step. The pallor of his countenance had assumed, if
                     possible, a more ghastly hue --but the luminousness of his eye had utterly
                     gone out. The once occasional huskiness of his tone was heard no more;
                     and a tremulous quaver, as if of extreme terror, habitually characterized
                     his utterance. There were times, indeed, when I thought his unceasingly
                     agitated mind was labouring with some oppressive secret, to divulge
                     which he struggled for the necessary courage. At times, again, I was
                     obliged to resolve all into the mere inexplicable vagaries of madness, for I
                     beheld him gazing upon vacancy for long hours, in an attitude of the
                     profoundest attention, as if listening to some imaginary sound. It was no
                     wonder that his condition terrified-that it infected me. I felt creeping upon
                     me, by slow yet certain degrees, the wild influences of his own fantastic
                     yet impressive superstitions.

                        It was, especially, upon retiring to bed late in the night of the seventh
                     or eighth day after the placing of the lady Madeline within the donjon,
                     that I experienced the full power of such feelings. Sleep came not near
                     my couch --while the hours waned and waned away. I struggled to
                     reason off the nervousness which had dominion over me. I endeavoured
                     to believe that much, if not all of what I felt, was due to the bewildering
                     influence of the gloomy furniture of the room --of the dark and tattered
                     draperies, which, tortured into motion by the breath of a rising tempest,
                     swayed fitfully to and fro upon the walls, and rustled uneasily about the
                     decorations of the bed. But my efforts were fruitless. An irrepressible
                     tremour gradually pervaded my frame; and, at length, there sat upon my
                     very heart an incubus of utterly causeless alarm. Shaking this off with a
                     gasp and a struggle, I uplifted myself upon the pillows, and, peering
                     earnestly within the intense darkness of the chamber, hearkened --I
                     know not why, except that an instinctive spirit prompted me --to certain
                     low and indefinite sounds which came, through the pauses of the storm,
                     at long intervals, I knew not whence. Overpowered by an intense
                     sentiment of horror, unaccountable yet unendurable, I threw on my
                     clothes with haste (for I felt that I should sleep no more during the night),
                     and endeavoured to arouse myself from the pitiable condition into which I
                     had fallen, by pacing rapidly to and froth rough the apartment.

                        I had taken but few turns in this manner, when a light step on an
                     adjoining staircase arrested my attention. I presently recognised it as that
                     of Usher. In an instant afterward he rapped, with a gentle touch, at my
                     door, and entered, bearing a lamp. His countenance was, as usual,
                     cadaverously wan --but, moreover, there was a species of mad hilarity in
                     his eyes --an evidently restrained hysteria in his whole demeanour. His air
                     appalled me --but anything was preferable to the solitude which I had so
                     long endured, and I even welcomed his presence as a relief.

                        "And you have not seen it?" he said abruptly, after having stared
                     about him for some moments in silence --"you have not then seen it?
                     --but, stay! you shall." Thus speaking, and having carefully shaded his
                     lamp, he hurried to one of the casements, and threw it freely open to the
                     storm.

                        The impetuous fury of the entering gust nearly lifted us from our feet.
                     It was, indeed, a tempestuous yet sternly beautiful night, and one wildly
                     singular in its terror and its beauty. A whirlwind had apparently collected
                     its force in our vicinity; for there were frequent and violent alterations in
                     the direction of the wind; and the exceeding density of the clouds (which
                     hung so low as to press upon the turrets of the house) did not prevent our
                     perceiving the life-like velocity with which they flew careering from all
                     points against each other, without passing away into the distance. I say
                     that even their exceeding density did not prevent our perceiving this --yet
                     we had no glimpse of the moon or stars --nor was there any flashing forth
                     of the lightning. But the under surfaces of the huge masses of agitated
                     vapour, as well as all terrestrial objects immediately around us, were
                     glowing in the unnatural light of a faintly luminous and distinctly visible
                     gaseous exhalation which hung about and enshrouded the mansion.

                        "You must not --you shall not behold this!" said I, shudderingly, to
                     Usher, as I led him, with a gentle violence, from the window to a seat.
                     "These appearances, which bewilder you, are merely electrical
                     phenomena not uncommon --or it may be that they have their ghastly
                     origin in the rank miasma of the tarn. Let us close this casement; --the air
                     is chilling and dangerous to your frame. Here is one of your favourite
                     romances. I will read, and you shall listen; --and so we will pass away
                     this terrible night together."

                        The antique volume which I had taken up was the "Mad Trist" of Sir
                     Launcelot Canning; but I had called it a favourite of Usher's more in sad
                     jest than in earnest; for, in truth, there is little in its uncouth and
                     unimaginative prolixity which could have had interest for the lofty and
                     spiritual ideality of my friend. It was, however, the only book immediately
                     at hand; and I indulged a vague hope that the excitement which now
                     agitated the hypochondriac, might find relief (for the history of mental
                     disorder is full of similar anomalies) even in the extremeness of the folly
                     which I should read. Could I have judged, indeed, by the wild
                     over-strained air of vivacity with which he hearkened, or apparently
                     hearkened, to the words of the tale, I might well have congratulated
                     myself upon the success of my design.

                        I had arrived at that well-known portion of the story where Ethelred,
                     the hero of the Trist, having sought in vain for peaceable admission into
                     the dwelling of the hermit, proceeds to make good an entrance by force.
                     Here, it will be remembered, the words of the narrative run thus:

                        "And Ethelred, who was by nature of a doughty heart, and who was
                     now mighty withal, on account of the powerfulness of the wine which he
                     had drunken, waited no longer to hold parley with the hermit, who, in
                     sooth, was of an obstinate and maliceful turn, but, feeling the rain upon
                     his shoulders, and fearing the rising of the tempest, uplifted his mace
                     outright, and, with blows, made quickly room in the plankings of the door
                     for his gauntleted hand; and now pulling there-with sturdily, he so
                     cracked, and ripped, and tore all asunder, that the noise of the dry and
                     hollow-sounding wood alarumed and reverberated throughout the forest.

                        At the termination of this sentence I started, and for a moment,
                     paused; for it appeared to me (although I at once concluded that my
                     excited fancy had deceived me) --it appeared to me that, from some very
                     remote portion of the mansion, there came, indistinctly, to my ears, what
                     might have been, in its exact similarity of character, the echo (but a stifled
                     and dull one certainly) of the very cracking and ripping sound which Sir
                     Launcelot had so particularly described. It was, beyond doubt, the
                     coincidence alone which had arrested my attention; for, amid the rattling
                     of the sashes of the casements, and the ordinary commingled noises of
                     the still increasing storm, the sound, in itself, had nothing, surely, which
                     should have interested or disturbed me. I continued the story:

                        "But the good champion Ethelred, now entering within the door, was
                     sore enraged and amazed to perceive no signal of the maliceful hermit;
                     but, in the stead thereof, a dragon of a scaly and prodigious demeanour,
                     and of a fiery tongue, which sate in guard before a palace of gold, with a
                     floor of silver; and upon the wall there hung a shield of shining brass with
                     this legend enwritten --

 
                                Who entereth herein, a conqueror hath bin;
                              Who slayeth the dragon, the shield he shall win;
 

                     And Ethelred uplifted his mace, and struck upon the head of the dragon,
                     which fell before him, and gave up his pesty breath, with a shriek so
                     horrid and harsh, and withal so piercing, that Ethelred had fain to close
                     his ears with his hands against the dreadful noise of it, the like whereof
                     was never before heard."

                        Here again I paused abruptly, and now with a feeling of wild
                     amazement --for there could be no doubt whatever that, in this instance, I
                     did actually hear (although from what direction it proceeded I found it
                     impossible to say) a low and apparently distant, but harsh, protracted,
                     and most unusual screaming or grating sound --the exact counterpart of
                     what my fancy had already conjured up for the dragon's unnatural shriek
                     as described by the romancer.

                        Oppressed, as I certainly was, upon the occurrence of the second
                     and most extraordinary coincidence, by a thousand conflicting sensations,
                     in which wonder and extreme terror were predominant, I still retained
                     sufficient presence of mind to avoid exciting, by any observation, the
                     sensitive nervousness of my companion. I was by no means certain that
                     he had noticed the sounds in question; although, assuredly, a strange
                     alteration had, during the last few minutes, taken place in his demeanour.
                     From a position fronting my own, he had gradually brought round his
                     chair, so as to sit with his face to the door of the chamber; and thus I
                     could but partially perceive his features, although I saw that his lips
                     trembled as if he were murmuring inaudibly. His head had dropped upon
                     his breast --yet I knew that he was not asleep, from the wide and rigid
                     opening of the eye as I caught a glance of it in profile. The motion of his
                     body, too, was at variance with this idea --for he rocked from side to
                     side with a gentle yet constant and uniform sway. Having rapidly taken
                     notice of all this, I resumed the narrative of Sir Launcelot, which thus
                     proceeded:

                        "And now, the champion, having escaped from the terrible fury of the
                     dragon, bethinking himself of the brazen shield, and of the breaking up of
                     the enchantment which was upon it, removed the carcass from out of the
                     way before him, and approached valorously over the silver pavement of
                     the castle to where the shield was upon the wall; which in sooth tarried
                     not for his full coming, but fell down at his feet upon the silver floor, with
                     a mighty great and terrible ringing sound."

                        No sooner had these syllables passed my lips, than --as if a shield of
                     brass had indeed, at the moment, fallen heavily upon a floor of silver
                     became aware of a distinct, hollow, metallic, and clangorous, yet
                     apparently muffled reverberation. Completely unnerved, I leaped to my
                     feet; but the measured rocking movement of Usher was undisturbed. I
                     rushed to the chair in which he sat. His eyes were bent fixedly before
                     him, and throughout his whole countenance there reigned a stony rigidity.
                     But, as I placed my hand upon his shoulder, there came a strong shudder
                     over his whole person; a sickly smile quivered about his lips; and I saw
                     that he spoke in a low, hurried, and gibbering murmur, as if unconscious
                     of my presence. Bending closely over him, I at length drank in the
                     hideous import of his words.

                        "Not hear it? --yes, I hear it, and have heard it. Long --long --long
                     --many minutes, many hours, many days, have I heard it --yet I dared
                     not --oh, pity me, miserable wretch that I am! --I dared not --I dared not
                     speak! We have put her living in the tomb! Said I not that my senses
                     were acute? I now tell you that I heard her first feeble movements in the
                     hollow coffin. I heard them --many, many days ago --yet I dared not --I
                     dared not speak! And now --to-night --Ethelred --ha! ha! --the breaking
                     of the hermit's door, and the death-cry of the dragon, and the clangour of
                     the shield! --say, rather, the rending of her coffin, and the grating of the
                     iron hinges of her prison, and her struggles within the coppered archway
                     of the vault! Oh whither shall I fly? Will she not be here anon? Is she not
                     hurrying to upbraid me for my haste? Have I not heard her footstep on
                     the stair? Do I not distinguish that heavy and horrible beating of her
                     heart? MADMAN!" here he sprang furiously to his feet, and shrieked out
                     his syllables, as if in the effort he were giving up his soul --"MADMAN! I
                     TELL YOU THAT SHE NOW STANDS WITHOUT THE DOOR!"

                        As if in the superhuman energy of his utterance there had been found
                     the potency of a spell --the huge antique panels to which the speaker
                     pointed, threw slowly back, upon the instant, ponderous and ebony jaws.
                     It was the work of the rushing gust --but then without those doors there
                     DID stand the lofty and enshrouded figure of the lady Madeline of Usher.
                     There was blood upon her white robes, and the evidence of some bitter
                     struggle upon every portion of her emaciated frame. For a moment she
                     remained trembling and reeling to and fro upon the threshold, then, with a
                     low moaning cry, fell heavily inward upon the person of her brother, and
                     in her violent and now final death-agonies, bore him to the floor a corpse,
                     and a victim to the terrors he had anticipated.

                        From that chamber, and from that mansion, I fled aghast. The storm
                     was still abroad in all its wrath as I found myself crossing the old
                     causeway. Suddenly there shot along the path a wild light, and I turned to
                     see whence a gleam so unusual could wi have issued; for the vast house
                     and its shadows were alone behind me. The radiance was that of the full,
                     setting, and blood-red moon which now shone vividly through that once
                     barely-discernible fissure of which I have before spoken as extending
                     from the roof of the building, in a zigzag direction, to the base. While I
                     gazed, this fissure rapidly widened --there came a fierce breath of the
                     whirlwind --the entire orb of the satellite burst at once upon my sight
                     --my brain reeled as I saw the mighty walls rushing asunder --there was a
                     long tumultuous shouting sound like the voice of a thousand waters --and
                     the deep and dank tarn at my feet closed sullenly and silently over the
                     fragments of the "HOUSE OF USHER."