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                                 CHAPTER ONE ANSWERS TO REVIEW QUESTIONS

1. The telegraph was the invention instrumental in beginning the electronic communication age.

2. Data communications is concerned with the transmission of data, while telecommunications deals with the transmission of audio, video, graphical and text data.

3. Computer networks are used more now because there are more PCs in use and there is a need to connect those PCs.

4. Source, medium, receiver.

5. See description in text on page 1-6.

6. Everyone had to use the services provided by one telephone company, AT&T.

7. AT&T is no longer a monopoly. Local and long-distance calls now are handled by different companies. Telephone companies also now can sell computers.

8. The telephone industry helped to grow the data communication field rapidly.

9. Ameritech, Bell Atlantic, NYNEX, Pacific Telesis Group, U.S. West, Southwestern Bell Corp., Bell South.

10. Federal Communications Commission regulates interstate communications and international matters. The Public Utility Commissions regulates intrastate communications.

11. The telephone system was a monopoly; communication systems developed in an atmosphere of competition. Because of this, the telephone system is standardized and the communication system is not.

12. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) develops voluntary national standards.
 The International Standards Organization (ISO) developed the seven-layer reference model for data communications called the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI).
 The Consultative Committee on International Telegraph and Telephone (CCITT) makes technical recommendations concerning telephone, telegraph, and data communications equipment worldwide.
 The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) sets local area network standards.
 The Electronics Industries Association (EIA) sets electrical standards, in particular the RS-232 and RS-449 connector standards.
 The Corporation for Open Systems (OS) promotes the use of equipment that meets the ISO standards.

13. Transfer of money between banks using computers and networks.

14. Inventory control and billing are functions performed in retail stores through computers and networks.

15. One needs to know how a network functions to work effectively with the computers connected to the network.