,Jh ,nU ,Ͽ̳ PBM pBmA jI PBJvM - 5 sbI
ϧBNUA ̿ B ,BIk ,OIΨ
B NBY B Ajq A jI BI ,On hB mBmA B
,OIΨ ,Jh ,nU ,Ͽ̳ PBM pBmA jI PBJvM jIAjI ie NB
kA Ψ A̳ BE ɷ On ̼ .eiAf eU ϧBNUA ̿ B BIk
.eej Ͽ JM ϼZ mi j ,ja B fB Ͽ jΌ̼U PBJvM
ɴĿ I ɴĿ kA E Pfq .OmA AfN ir jmAjm ie Bk μ PBJvM
μM I OJn ϼZ fe kj ϼZ jJi eiajI I Ij ,fķ Ͽ j
ei̿ ɨq OμA ,biBM B kA .eej Ͽ Bk iB AjNae IjM
B iBVA kA qB IΨ eAfM .fjΌ Ͽ iAj m OjRA ej KvM
I vbq ei̿ ie ݳA BJB ,Bm A ie .OmA sAlA I i οk
A - 1 sbI) ejI ifI Bm BU ɷ ej iAe jk Ai kBI oV BMA
.(eej ɨB X - 1
Bk
μ Ora ,PBYBm zI ie U jm ea ɿAeA BI
,iBJUA XAekA ,kBVM ,ek Bq ɷ ,fej iAjM Bk
TeAY Ć .ffej Ͽ N BNaA ,B fq ffB
fmi OBY rI PB̼ jRA fr eAe tiAl AjRA
kBVM Buvb ,iAe r NqAe j ie BI .OmA
PBJQ ɸeU BI .ej eBmA Xie ANο rI Ai nU
μ Ora feiE BiBI BJB Ai ir B jRA ie
ϻ OaBm Ai ,BNaA nU kBVM Buvb ,Bk
pBJ ij hΰM jBbI Bk ek B ffM I BJB BzA
B BJB ɷ OnηBY fr fBM PBqiAl .feAe ɿAeA BE
Ͽ BJB AjI ɷ <KAe> UiBa Bfķ U
ɍU ie OnE B ϿB UBM Y Bk eIi I ffU
fr fBM PBqiAl Bć ,fej AfA ϻBq B
eIi iAl Bk μ kBVM I BJB AkBIjm ɷ OnηBY
jq r iAl BĿ ie 1998 Bm OnE B ie BE
jaE BM Bk A kA zI Oqjm .fek Ome jq iAl
ie PB̼ Bk jJU kBm r Ba .eJ ̼ Bm
.OaBm efZ eBk fY BM Ai YB kBVM Ora ei̿
Bk μ ύBa Ora ,Ov BĂ Ajq ie
.fB Ͽ ϳBI f r
N Bk PAkBV .fej Ͽ Ora IBM l Bk I N Bk
I ̸Z Ak ei̿ ie ݳA .OmA iBnm j kA
B ݿ ie Y A ɷ fej 1998 Bm ie ie fu
N I N ɸk .(eej ɨB X - sbI) fej JM
1997 Bm jJA B ie B ݿ ie eI fq tjq
.fq AfA IB qki Afο ie iAfqB sME mM
ϿmA B AiB ɤBZ eBA ̯ jnM JM BI
Bm ie PivI AjNae Bk y ,BJB
^ej ɤYݿ IB jάM1999
J ϼJ fi fej Kv ffU O̸Y 1992 Bm ie
p̸ lĿ kA XiBa ie iB AjI Bk eAfM sAlA jI
XiBa fi ,1994 Bm ie BJB iȣ Bk kA .fej
^OmA e Pfq AfbNmA sbI kA Bk kBm
Ͽ ra xBa PivI BJB B OZM Bk BI eia jI
Bm A ie PBYBm zI ie lΆB eJI ϻ fqBI
f ie BJB ,sa jNķ OZM BBU ie .fE eUI
Nm iB ,fNaBm Ŀ lĿ XiBa ie iB kA Ai Bk Onb
fI Bk ,eI RNn fB A kA OAik sbI ie Bk
PBYBm ie .ffq NaBm Ŀ Ni jI kA ej jZ ɳifI
mM 1996 Bm ie IB BqA kA fI Buvb ,PBe
ɰΣ jM I iJV Ai Bk BM BJjM BM BJB ,BJB
, Bq ɷ fe OIBN vvbM B sbI kA
Ͽ eAfA AfĿiB BI AfĿiB ,Bmj ,AjNAe
eAe Br Ͽj BJB ,efZ PBY zI ie .ffej
.feAe xBa Ajq BI Zu sbI ie Ai iB kBUA Bk I
jR eAfM AjI Buvb Ba kA XiBa ie Bk iB Ŀ
Ai Bq Ajq ϼaAe ɻBm OnI BȍU jQA ie ɷ I Bk
eAfM IB ie ju .eq Ͽ BM r fA eAe Ome kA
PBqiAl J .eq Ͽ ek bM M iAl m I Bk I
οBM AjI fej fiAe Ɇ j tj I iJV Bk jRA
.fA fej Af I iJV ea οB OrΨ
iAj Bk AfbNmA BI PAeγ Bm A ie ϻ
kBUA BA Bk I BJB .OB ΰbM fY BM PBqiAl
Ai Bk jBm AfM pj jNAe SZI Zu sbI ie iB
jΫ B BkBm jBm kj fI AjNAe BkBm .feAe
k AfĿiB AfbNmA I ieB BE ɷ feAe tiAl Ne
Ai ie mBmA r ,ffej iAeA r fI ej
.eI Ajq fUA k mj f J AfĿiB AfbNmA
AjI KMB BJB ɷ OnηBY PBqiAl Bm A ie ϻ
I Ni kBUA Bk ,fe BrkBI Ai Bmj BjNAe
BI iB kBUA Bk μ eAfN .fej Af Ai E
,fNB Ai Ne jΫ BBkBm ϼA I BΌfB
,fNqAf Ai sa Bj iB jNe ie iB kBUA BE ϻ
ʊj Z I BδNn Ba kA ɷ ffq NaBm iJV BE
ie ɷ BJB Bj .fjI fejο iB sBI BE ɷ
OrΨ οBM Ai ɸBk I I fej ieBu Bm A
Bj A kA Bk I jRA ϻ fq eAe iB kBUA fNqAf
Bj iNme a .eI jnο BiB fNqAf A
PivI Ai ϼA I vY kBUA Bk ,1997 Bm
BJB J .ej Af sa ej Kj j kA δNn
ej LiBA j kA ϼA I Bȸ ɷ eI eAe Bj
k ej LiBA ϻ .eej kM ZNn Bk I Bk
AjI jĿ kA jBI jA PiAk jA Nj I
.feI sa Bk ύBa iB
ie mi Ŀ .ffq NaBm Ŀ KN I Ni kA Bmi Bk
kA j ,OnγBI sa BZI AjNae IjM μM ei̿
ANZ AjvZĿ eej Ͽ AiA fUBn ie ɷ μM
jΫ B BkBm mM ɸAjNae eAfM ϻ .eiAe Jh
uva KMB ,mi KMB ie ϼA I Ne
sbI) fqBI Ͽ sAlA I i eq Ͽ eAe μM ύBa
.(eq fe VĂ
,fiAf mjNme ϯB Zu PnM I BBA jRA
fY .fqBI Ͽ LAja BJB O̸Y OZM Zu Ajq
bM Bm 43 Aej AjI Bm 44 Bk AjI j mA
e j AjI jNAe kA jN ,BĿ jRA ie .OmA fej
OΨU fu ie 29 I Zu PBfa .OmA eU̿ j iAl
PnM I Aj ej fu ie 17 ju fmi Ͽ ir
fu ie ekAe I ju Zu LE ^fiAe mjNme NqAfI
Bk Aej AjI Zu B OJAj .eej Ͽ M OΨU
Ajk Or UA̿ Pݸr BI BBnA Piu mjM Ŀ jQA ie
jvM rI Zu PBAf BE i ɷ μM BjNm̂
ejI I kA OmA fļI E ie eAnI \m ɸA ɨBU AjI
Bk I ie fM jQA kA jο j k̼jJM q .ffq
B OJAj I mjNme kA Ai Bk BJB .OmA sAlA I i
sa PAeγ A AjaA ϻ OaBm jZ eBk fY BM Zu
nλB BJB 1997 Bm ie ^fA NaBm fY BM Ai
A fej ݧA B BaBq ie Ai Bk Aej kBmAfU
1997 Bm ie .fej JM Bm A jaA BM nλB
jRA I BJB ,Bk AjI Zu OJAj ljM i̤I qM
Bk AjI PBfa ɷ fej ieBu OAf IB B BaBq
PBfa .fkBm iBķjI iB kA Ai k AfĿiB eAe BB Ai
fqBI Ͽ jM OZM E ɷ BaBq ie ju k AjI
OJAj OΧ ,Bk mjNme Pfq BI ɷ fej Ͽ AiA
ɷ fNB kBUA Bk jNBn .eAe sB Ai Bk AjI Zu
AfM Bk wbr B μ ie k Bȼmj mM
ɷ fNB kBUA Bk fJI 1998 Bm U Bk kA .fej
A ej Kj ɷ fej AfM Miu ie ej AjNAe mM
AjNAe mM AfM kA Bk .fB ɳifI Ai |j k
ie ,PAij A .ffq NaBm jZ B BaBq jRA ie ej
Ai Bk AfM ,OmA fej JM B rI ɸλBY
I Bk AjI Buvb OaBm UA̿ fU Pݸr BI
,BMݧ .fqBI Ͽ ej LiBA j kA jZ ɷ IB jq
jNAe A ,Aej AjNAe mM Bk AfM kBUA jμ
IB k A ɷ OqAe Miu ie Ai Bk A B kBUA
fI I ek Ome Y ,fqBI fej oJ BJB pBJ e̷
ϰ Ai KmBĿ AfM j οk VN ie ,OqAf Ai A
160 kA 1998 Bm ie ɸA jm Bfķ Ojq .ej Ͽ
mjNme AfM I uA IB Bk ɷ eAe Br fE I k
jRA .eI LAja mjNme A fNqAe jA fNqAf
ea ϫBe OZu Bk A ɷ feAe tiAl Bfķ Ojq
A ɷ OnηBY jJN PBqiAl ϻ .fe Ͽ Ome kA Ai
iAj JM ~j Bm BB ie Zu OJAj PAeγ
BRNmBI IB B BaBq μ BJjM ,Bm jaE ie .fNj
BaBq ^fej Af Ai Bk AfM kBUA jn BaBq
eI Bk AjI Zu PBfa eBE IB bI ɨIAi
.OqAe eU BNnBA jmAjm ie Br0Ak ju ϻ
