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All the good Mugabe did such as Education, was calculated to keep him in power so he could steal more.

II LAND AND RESOURCES  
Zimbabwe is an upland country with a relatively temperate climate and a diversity of agricultural and mineral resources.

A Physiographic Regions  
Zimbabwe occupies part of the great plateau of southern Africa. The most prominent physical feature is a broad ridge that runs southwest to northeast across the country. It has an elevation of between 1200 and 1500 m (between 4000 and 5000 ft) and is known as the High Veld. On either side of the ridge the land slopes downward, in the north to the Zambezi River and in the south to the Limpopo River. These areas have average elevations of about 1070 m (about 3500 ft) and are known as the Middle Veld. Along the eastern border is a mountain range that rises to a maximum elevation of 2592 m (8504 ft) at Mount Inyangani. A number of short rivers rise in the High Veld. Of these rivers the Shangani and Munyati flow north, and the Save and Lundi flow south. Lake Kariba, which was formed behind Kariba Dam on the Zambezi River, lies astride the country’s northern boundary.

B Climate  
Although Zimbabwe lies in the Tropic Zone, its climate is moderated by high elevation. The average temperature is 16° C (60° F) in July (winter), and 21° C (70° F) in January (summer). The average annual rainfall is about 890 mm (about 35 in) in the High Veld and less than 610 mm (24 in) in most parts of the Middle Veld. Most rainfall occurs from November to March.

C Vegetation and Animal Life  
The land of Zimbabwe is primarily covered with savanna; a particularly lush grass grows during the moist summers. Forests are found only in limited areas along the eastern border and in the wettest areas of the High Veld. Wildlife includes elephants, hippopotamuses, lions, hyenas, crocodiles, antelope, impalas, giraffes, and baboons.

D Mineral Resources  
Zimbabwe is rich in mineral resources. Most minerals are found in the Great Dyke, a geologic formation that stretches roughly north-south across the center of the country. Minerals found here include chromium, copper, asbestos, nickel, gold, silver, and iron. Large coal reserves are found in the northwest near Hwange. Other mineral resources include cobalt, tin, and precious stones. Large reserves of platinum and kyanite and smaller reserves of zinc and lead have been located.

III POPULATION  
The bulk of Zimbabwe’s population is formed by two major Bantu-speaking ethnic groups: the Shona, who constitute about 80 percent of the total population, and the Ndebele (Matabele), who constitute about 19 percent of the total and are concentrated in the south-western regions. The country also has small minorities of Europeans, Asians, and persons of mixed race.

A Population Characteristics  
According to a 1992 census, the population of Zimbabwe was 10,401,767. The estimate for 1997 is 10,915,467, giving the country an overall population density of 28 persons per sq km (72 per sq mi). Some 67 percent of the people live in rural areas. The emigration of whites that began in the mid-1970s continued after independence in 1980.

B Principal Cities  

C Language and Religion  
English is the official language of Zimbabwe. The most important Bantu languages are Shona and Ndebele. About 50 percent of the population practice various syncretic religions, fusions of traditional African religions and Christianity. Some 25 percent are Christian, principally Roman Catholic or Anglican Communion, but also including many Protestant sects. About 24 percent of the people practice traditional religions, and about 1 percent are Hindu or Muslim.

D Education  Primary education in Zimbabwe is free and compulsory between the ages of 7 and 15. In 1995, 2.5 million students were enrolled in primary schools and 711,000 in secondary schools. Higher educational institutions include a number of teachers’ colleges and several agricultural and technical schools. The University of Zimbabwe (1955) at Harare has about 9100 students. About 45,600 students were enrolled in higher education in 1995.

E Communications  Zimbabwe has national television broadcasting stations based in Harare, with secondary studios in Bulawayo. Radio broadcasts are in six African languages and English. In 1995 the country had 89 radios and 29 television sets for every 1000 residents. Two daily newspapers and a wide variety of periodicals are published.

IV ECONOMY  
Zimbabwe has one of the most diversified economies of any African nation. The agriculture, manufacturing, and mining sectors are all well developed. Following the unilateral declaration of independence in 1965, trade sanctions were imposed against Rhodesia by the United Nations (see "History," below). Sanctions, however, did not seriously damage the economy; during the 1970s numerous local industries were developed to provide substitute goods, and the country became self-sufficient in food. The economy suffered a negative growth rate in the late 1970s, but expanded at an annual rate of 2.9 percent during the first decade of independence. By 1996 gross domestic product (GDP) was $7.55 billion. The economy is dependent on the agricultural sector and periodic droughts have caused occasional recessions, such as between 1992 and 1993.

A Agriculture  
Of Zimbabwe’s economically active population, 68 percent is engaged in agriculture. The principal cash crop is tobacco, which is grown mainly in the northern and central regions; in 1997 production totaled 215,369 metric tons and accounted for a significant share of export earnings. Other cash crops include cotton, maize, sugarcane, and coffee. Economic sanctions were responsible for curtailing the export of tobacco in the 1970s, and since then emphasis has shifted to the production of maize and other food crops such as cassava, wheat, sorghum, and millet. Other leading crops include peanuts, potatoes, beans, and oranges. Livestock raising and dairying are also of major importance. In 1997 the country had 5.4 million cattle, 2.7 million goats, 530,000 sheep, 270,000 hogs, and 15.5 million poultry.

B Forestry and Fishing  Zimbabwe’s roundwood cut in 1995 was 8.1 million cu m (286 million cu ft). The fish catch amounted to 21,800 metric tons.

C Mining  Zimbabwe is the world’s sixth largest supplier of chromium ore, producing about 500,000 metric tons in 1997. The country is also among the leading nations in the production of gold (24,772 kg/11,236 lb), nickel , and asbestos. The number of other minerals mined in the country is extensive, including copper, silver, emeralds, lithium, tin, iron ore, cobalt, coal, and diamonds. Other reserves include kyanite, platinum, zinc, and lead. Although mining employs only a small share of the workforce, it produces 12 percent of export revenues.

D Manufacturing  Manufacturing grew rapidly in Zimbabwe after World War II (1939-1945). Zimbabwe’s industrial activity benefits from one of the best transportation systems in Africa, with roads and railroads linking major urban and industrial centers. Except when curtailed by drought, the country also has sufficient hydroelectric-generating capacity to meet industrial needs. Much of the manufacturing activity involves processing food and mineral products. During the 1970s other industry was developed to produce goods no longer available through import as a result of international sanctions. Leading manufacturing sectors are food products, metals (primarily ferrochrome, steel, and nickel metal), chemicals, and textiles.

E Energy  Zimbabwe gets most of its electric power, which totaled 8.5 billion kilowatt-hours in 1996, from the Kariba Dam on the Zambezi River. A large thermal facility was built in the 1980s near the coalfields of Hwange in the northwest.

F Transportation  Zimbabwe has a road network totaling about 18,338 km (11,395 mi) in length. The country is also served by 2759 km (1714 mi) of railroads, with links to Zambia, Botswana, South Africa, and ports on the Indian Ocean in Mozambique. Road and rail connections with Zambia and Mozambique were restored in 1980 following independence. Most of the major towns are served by air transport.

G Currency and Banking  The monetary unit is the Zimbabwe dollar, which is divided into 100 cents.
10.0 Zimbabwe dollars equal U.S.$1; 1996.
27 Zimbabwe dollars equal U.S.$1; 1997.
30 Zimbabwe dollars equal U.S.$1; 1998.
37 Zimbabwe dollars equal U.S.$1; 1999.
50 Zimbabwe dollars equal U.S.$1; 2001 is expected, thanks to Mugabe's stealing and looting.

The Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe (1964) is the central bank and the sole bank of issue.

H Foreign Trade  In 1995 exports totaled $2.0 billion and imports $2.7 billion. The leading exports were tobacco, ferrochrome, gold, nickel metal, cotton, steel, and textiles. Chief imports were machinery and transportation equipment, basic manufactures, chemicals, and fuels. Leading trading partners for exports are Germany, the United Kingdom, South Africa, the United States, Botswana, Japan, Italy, and the Netherlands; chief sources for imports are South Africa, the United Kingdom, the United States, Germany, Japan, Botswana, Italy, and France.

V GOVERNMENT  According to the constitution that went into effect in 1980, Zimbabwe is a sovereign republic and guarantees the fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual, regardless of race, tribe, or place of origin. Constitutional amendments approved in 1987 provided for direct election of the president and abolished reserved seats in parliament for whites. An amendment promulgated in 1990 established a unicameral legislature.

A Executive  Executive authority in Zimbabwe is vested in a president, who is elected to a six-year term by direct popular vote. The president appoints the vice president and a cabinet.

B Legislature  Legislative power in Zimbabwe is vested in the House of Assembly. Of the 150 members of the assembly, 120 members are elected by direct popular vote, 10 are elected by traditional chiefs (5 from among the Shona and 5 from the Ndebele), 12 are appointed by the country’s president, and 8 are provincial governors. The parliament sits for a maximum of six years.

C Judiciary  The Supreme Court, which includes a chief justice and four other justices, has original jurisdiction over certain constitutional questions and appellate jurisdiction on all others. The High Court, consisting of 13 judges, has original jurisdiction in major civil and criminal cases. In addition, there are regional courts, magistrates’ courts, and customary law and local courts.

Throughout the 1990s, Mugabe sort to replace  the judiciary with his own vision of what should be the norm in Zimbabwe. This constitutes paid up judges simpathetic to Mugabe's version of the law. Mugabe would like to have the right as president to take part in the sentencing of all criminals who commit crime while serving in government. The judge must refer to Mugabe before sentencing.

From January 2000, After building up a lot of anger and frustration from the judges for their refusal to take account of his honerary law degree, Mugabe decided to totally ignore the judiciary. The police were told not to arrest and he thinks the judges, once they notice that they are redundant, will see sense. The problem has been that he did not put in place any mechanisms for dismissing the judges. They are on full pay while no work is done. Meanwhile, no crime is a crime.

D Local Government  For the purposes of local administration Zimbabwe is divided into eight provinces, each administered by a commissioner appointed by the central government. These are mostly people who can identify resources that can be shipped to one or other of Mugabe's properties abroad. They all force poor peasants to pay money to ZANU-PF each year. No proper accounting procedures are followed and therefore there is no method od recovering the money some day in the future. Most of this money goes directly into foreign banks.

E Political Parties  The two leading political parties were, until December 1987, the ruling Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF) and the main opposition group, the Zimbabwe African People’s Union (ZAPU). The two parties united under the name ZANU-PF in 1987 and 1988. A corruption scandal within ZANU-PF in 1988 led to the creation of other political parties, including the Zimbabwe Unity Movement (ZUM), the Forum Party, the Committee for a Democratic Society, and the Democratic Party. Zum was created and paraded as a real party but it was Mugabe's deviuous way of catalogging opposition members. He higherd Edgar Tekere to form a party, funded the party and campaignd vigorously for it. Those with anti-corruption views floaked to ZUM and their names were listed. Mugabe has this list and will use it agaist them. Tekere rejoined ZANU-PF and handed the list to Mugabe.

F Health and Welfare  
Upon independence in 1980, Zimbabwe had limited government and private social security systems. The post-independence government expanded the social security system, although austerity measures adopted in the early 1990s reduced public expenditure on health care. The estimated average life expectancy at birth in 1997 was 39 years; the infant mortality rate was 62 per 1000 live births. Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has reached epidemic proportions in Zimbabwe. In 1995 an estimated 800,000 people were infected with the virus that causes AIDS, and 20 to 25 percent of the sexually active population were believed to carry the virus. AIDS is a leading cause of death for children under five years of age in Zimbabwe.

Mugabe spent many years telling people not to wrry about AIDS, which he called a disease oonly affecting white people. He threatened doctors who wanted to tell people to protect themselves against the disease. There has not been a real program of primary prevention of HIV infection in Zimbabwe. Mugabe thinks the more people die the more he can blame whites for bringing the virus in the first place. While it is true that whites brought it in, (Americans to be specific) it is now Zimbabwe's problem and many are losing lives. Condom must be given free of charge. The funding could come from forcing all who have banked money abroad to return just 10% of it. This would be more than enough to fund the Zimbabwe health programme for more than twenty years. This would include:

-Free condoms for everyone at one packet of five per day. (Zimbabweans like their sex, up to six times per day)
-Health advisors one per 1000 adults. Each advisor could have a motorcycle and free petrol.
-Advisor's supervisors, one per 20.
-Sex education in Schools. This could include films of people dying of AIDS , showing how they got it.
-HIV tests for all people intending to marry. This could be a condition of marriage.
-Prosecution for those that have sex before they are issued with a HIV free certificate, renewable every six months. If you have HIV, you would only be allowed to have sex with other HIV carriers.
-Building hospices for all infected people, one for every 1000 families.
- AIDS co-ordinators with other regional countries such as those in SDAC

Mugabe opposes these measures and does not want to talk about AIDS, which he still thinks only affects whites.

G Defense  In 1997 Zimbabwe had armed forces totaling about 39,000, with 35,000 in the army and 4000 in the air force. No citizen can join the army unless they pledge to keep MUgabe in power. All the army is ZANU-PF, true and true.

VI HISTORY  
The earliest known civilization in Zimbabwe was based on the exploitation of rich deposits of gold. Bantu invaders conquered the area perhaps as early as AD 800 and began the Great Zimbabwe complex, now in ruins, near Masvingo. The newcomers may have been the Karanga, who are believed to be the ancestors of the modern Shona. By about 1100 they had developed important trade in gold and ivory with ports in present-day Mozambique. Around the beginning of the 14th century a large centralized state, later known as the Mwene Mutapa Empire, developed. After a rapid territorial expansion in the 15th century, this polity split, and a southern kingdom of Changamire was established.

The Portuguese, who gained a toehold on the Mozambique coast shortly after 1500, sent missionaries to Mwene Mutapa, and by 1629 they had reduced the once powerful empire to a vassal state. Changamire conquered most of the Mutapa Empire at the end of the 17th century.

During the mfecane, the great migrations of the 1830s, the Ngoni, on their march north, destroyed Changamire, and the Ndebele soon after settled in the western part of the country. In 1888 King Lobengula of the Ndebele granted mining rights to the British colonialist Cecil Rhodes, and the following year Rhodes obtained a charter for his British South Africa Company. Subsequent white settlement and encroachment on native lands under company auspices brought warfare with both the Ndebele and the Shona that continued until 1897.

A Self-Government  Before World War I (1914-1918) the white settlers had begun to demand self-government. These demands were renewed after the war, and in 1923 the British proclaimed Southern Rhodesia, as the country had become known, a self-governing British colony. From 1953 to 1963 it was a member of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, along with Northern Rhodesia (present-day Zambia) and Nyasaland (present-day Malawi). African nationalists, led notably by Joshua Nkomo, opposed the federation, but their movements were banned by the white government.

When the federation was dissolved in 1963, the white settlers pressed for independence, which the British government refused to grant without safeguards for ultimate African control. In 1964 Northern Rhodesia gained its independence as Zambia, and Nyasaland, as Malawi. Southern Rhodesia changed its name to Rhodesia. After two years of abortive negotiations, the white government, led by Ian D. Smith, declared independence on November 11, 1965. the United Kingdom immediately imposed economic sanctions, and the United Nations (UN) later imposed a total embargo on trade with the country.

In 1970 Rhodesia declared itself a republic. It was never recognized by Britain, however, or by any other nation, and negotiations with the British government continued. One settlement proposal, drawn up in November 1971, was abandoned the following May when a British commission found it "not acceptable to the people of Rhodesia as a whole."

In the mid-1970s the dissolution of Portugal’s empire in Africa left Rhodesia in an increasingly isolated position. Pressured by South Africa to take a more conciliatory stance, Smith then initiated talks with black leaders. Nkomo and other nationalists were released from detention in 1974, but negotiations during the next two years brought no accord. Guerrilla activities intensified. In late 1976 Nkomo, head of the Zimbabwe African People’s Union (ZAPU), and Robert Mugabe, leader of the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU), formed the Patriotic Front (PF), Both leaders lived in exile at the time. After 1976 the PF began a guerrilla campaign to overthrow the Smith regime.

B Independence  
Foreseeing his defeat, Prime Minister Smith in March 1978 signed an accord with three relatively moderate black leaders, headed by Bishop Abel Muzorewa, calling for universal suffrage and the establishment of black-majority rule, with safeguards for whites. In 1979 elections, Bishop Muzorewa’s party won 51 of the 100 parliamentary seats; another 28 were reserved for whites. Muzorewa formed a coalition government with Ian Smith’s Rhodesian Front and took office as prime minister of the new state of Zimbabwe Rhodesia (later shortened to Zimbabwe). Because his government was widely perceived as a black front for continued white rule, it failed to win popular support. A settlement was reached at a conference in London later in 1979, and Britain briefly resumed control of the country. In February 1980 elections Mugabe and his Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF) won a landslide victory. Muzorewa paid many to support him. They received his money and voted for Mugabe. Ironically Mugabe in 2000 is paying many to support him

Teachers have had an     80% pay rise
Army has had  a              100% pay rise
Civil service                     80% pay rise
MPs have had                  200% pay rise
Ex-combatants have had 150% pay rise
Chiefs have had              150% pay rise
unemployed can have as much as they want provided they can show evidence of killing at least one opposition member.

These must take the money but vote for someone else.

Independence for Zimbabwe came on April 17, 1980. Prime Minister Mugabe consolidated his power; in 1982 he dismissed Nkomo from his government. Mugabe’s party won a landslide victory in 1985, the first general election since independence. In late 1987 the constitution was amended to replace the position of prime minister with that of executive president, which combines the posts of head of state and head of government. At that time ZANU-PF and Nkomo’s Zimbabwe African People’s Union (ZAPU) agreed to merge under the name of ZANU-PF. In 1990 Mugabe officially appointed Nkomo as a second vice president, in addition to Simon Muzenda, in the reshuffled cabinet. In the 1990 elections, Mugabe and his ZANU-PF Party won decisively.

In 1992, after special constitutional provisions protecting white landowners expired, the Zimbabwean government passed an act to redistribute much of the white-owned government land to hundreds of thousands of black peasants. Although white farmers contested the act, in 1994 the High Court ruled that the redistribution and resettlement of property was constitutional. Later, the act came under severe criticism when a study revealed that almost all of the appropriated lands had not been redistributed but had been leased to government officials.

In April 1995 Zimbabwe held general elections in which Mugabe’s ZANU-PF won 63 out of 65 available seats in the House of Assembly. The opposition won one more seat, however, in a special election held in November 1995, after the April voting results for the seat were canceled due to evidence of voting fraud. Mugabe then won presidential elections in March 1996, but both opposition candidates, Bishop Muzorewa and Reverend Ndabaningi Sithole, withdrew at the last minute, arguing that the election process was unfairly weighted in favor of the ruling party. Muzorewa and Sithole urged their supporters to boycott the election. As a result, the election had the lowest voter turnout since 1980, with only 31 percent of voters participating.

In 1997 Mugabe announced a new program of land redistribution. About 1500 white-owned commercial farms, comprising almost half of Zimbabwe’s total commercial farmland, were designated to be nationalized without compensation in mid-1998 and divided among landless blacks or blacks with smaller farms. This plan was met with strong protests from white farmers.

B current  

In 2000, Mugabe started killing the white farmers off one by one thinking that is what the black population wanted to see in order to re-elect Zanu PF. The "kill a white farmer per week" programme, which was is being run concurently with the "kill anyone who opposes my rule" programme is now in force. Mugabe has used the state resources to fund these programmes against the people. He has selected the unemployed, paid them large sums of money and ordered them to go and kill.

Most people with any amount of political understanding or concern for the economy, or concern for human rights, or just plain human, really want this guy out of power. He will destroy what is left of Zimbabwe's economy. However he has friends in high places. He pays his way to friendship but most of his money is blood money. Two of his best friends, who are known to have had millions from him are Jonathan Moyo, professor at the University of Zimbabwe, Checherai Hunzwi, professional killer in the Mugabe government. Hunzwi does not bother to cover his tracks after a kill. He is allowed to boast about it as he is above the law and can not be arrested.

It is expected that ZANU-PF will lose the elections. Mugabe will be forced out of office even though his own position is not due for review for another two years from 2000. He will then either settle in the UK where he owns vast investments from money syphoned from the Zimbabwe economy, or he will be arrested before he escapes. Most citizens wanted him to retire gracefully before the murder programmes. Now most want him tried and possibly hung.

B Future of Tourism  

From January 2000, you are advised not to venture into Zimbabwe if you
1 Speak good English. Mugabe thinks you are a British Spy and will kill you.
2 Do not carry a Zanu-PF card. You must have a card or die.
3 Are a professional. He thinks all professional people support opposition parties.

These apply to both black and white people. We have had no reports of anyone Asian being killed but that may just be because nobody Asian has opposed Mugabe yet. Do keep out of Zimbabwe till Mugabe is contained in a very small prison cell. Zimbabwe has very nice places to look at but they will still be there long after Mugabe. You just keep your life for now.

B Future of the economy

THere is no future unless Mugabe leaves the country or is put in prison. No future at all. If he retires but is free, he will fund thugs to start another war. This is one evil man who just must be contained.

Best man suited for president is Prof. Masipula Sithole.   He has both a brain and a heart.

Do email us if you have any more information on this very famous guy