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Non-Violence Theory
Examples of how non-violence works:

Martin Luther King

Gandhi

 

Example of how non-violence does not work:

Tiananmen's Square & The Kent State Massacre

Elian Gonzales

 

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Elian Gonzalez & The Use of Force to Acquire Him

Associated Press Photo A woman waves a Cuban flag while standing in a car during a procession of protesters in Miami, Tuesday April 25, 2000. Many businesses in the city shut down as people from the Cuban communities took to the streets to protest the removal of Elian Gonzalez from his great-uncle's home. 

-  Yahoo!  (AP Photo/Daniel Hulshizer)  

 

Associated Press Photo In this fourth of seven sequential photos, fisherman Donato Dalrymple holds 6-year-old Elian Gonzalez inside a bedroom closet Saturday, April 22, 2000, as a Border Patrol agent puts his arm out to the boy moments after federal agents raided the Miami home. (AP Photo/Alan Diaz

-  Yahoo!  (AP Photo/Daniel Hulshizer)

 

 
 

The Story

 

For months negotiations have been a crucial factor to the Elian Gonzales case.  U.S. officials claim that they have done nearly all that they can to keep their interest focused on what is beneficial to the child.  With the political and social relationships involved, however, it is proving very difficult for the negotiators to resolve the problem of where and with whom the boy shall raised.  Nonviolent actions of obtaining the boy has always been the intent of the United States Government according to officials.  Last week drastic measures were finally taken in order to reunite Elian and his biological father.  It is crucial for the boy to meet with his father, it is said, so that U.S. officials will know what is in his best interest.  Many negotiations have included proposals which involve plans for the father to move to the United States.  While it appears to be nonviolent, this action produces many questions about the importance of the United States� relationship with Cuba and it�s leader, Fidel Castro. 

 

Political and Social Relationships

 

Political power is dependent on the cooperation of the people whom they are ruling.  The family that Elian has been staying with for the past few months have been very resistant to the United States government.  While they have agreed to attend negotiations, they have never given into a proposal that has been made.  This resistance has pushed the U.S. government to the next level.  After months of using nonviolent tactics, officials feel that they were forced to seize Elian by entering the house where he has in a sense been sheltered.

 

The Six Sources of Political Power

 

One source of political power known as the �authority� describes whether or not the people feel that the rulers have a right to control or govern them.  In the Elian Gonzales case, the nonviolent acts that the government initially attempted did not appeal to the family that was keeping the boy.  The authority did not acquire achievement until they implement a forceful attempt in retrieving Elian.

 

�Human Resources� refers to the number of people who recognize this �authority.�  The family that Elian was staying with were not the only people who chose not to recognize authority during the nonviolent and violent stages of this case.  Many protesters still stand firm outside of the house today, nearly a week after the raid.  It is apparent that violent acts produce more of a resistance against the authority in out country.

 

The United States attempted many �skills and knowledge� approaches in this case.  They tried to keep the boy�s best interest while also keeping in good standards with the family that has been keeping him.  This is a very important factor in the nonviolence stage.  When the raid took place, on the other hand, it is apparent that the �skills and knowledge� attempt was thrown out when the nonviolent attempts were not working.

 

The �intangible factors� were highly focused on during the negotiations.  It is very hard to communicate efficiently on important issues when cultural and moral beliefs have to be considered.  The most intangible factor that the U.S. has faced is whether or not the boy should be considered a citizen, keeping with the best interest of his mother�s wishes.

 

�Material Resources� have played in important part in the question of where to keep Elian once he has been reunited with his father.  While Elian was in a safe home in Florida, the press, protesters, and by-standers have made it into an environment that may not be best for the young child.  The U.S. has secretly taken the father and son to a secluded place where media and protesters cannot be present.

 

The �sanctions� issue is one that is of major importance to the future of Elian Gonzales.  Fidel Castro is widely known for his resistance to America.  While the U.S. has offered  the choice of living in America to the father of Elian, Juan Migel Gonzales, it has not proven to be an affective offer.  It has been recently found that Juan Gonzales has been in close touch with Fidel Castro, and will do all his power to please his ruler.  The United States must keep in mind the bond that Juan Gonzales has with Castro when negotiating where the boy shall call home.

 

The Power of the People

The governing power rests in the hands of the people.  Without their participation and willingness to obey the law, the law can be overturned.  They must agree to comply with what the government and authority stand for, or the government cannot properly do it�s job.  Nonviolent solutions are always attempted, however are not always found to be sufficient enough in doing what is right for the citizens