Croatia - Cuba - Cyprus - Czech Republic |
925 Kingdom of Croatia
1102 personal union with Hungary
21 Dec 1867 part of the Hungarian half of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy
29 Oct 1918 independence (State of Slovenes, Croats, and Serbs)
1 Dec 1918 merged into Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes
(see under Serbia and Montenegro)
26 Aug 1939 autonomy (Banovina of Croatia)
10 Apr 1941 - 6 May 1945 Independent State of Croatia (under Italo-German control)�
4 Dec 1943 reincorporation into Yugoslavia
1945 People's Republic of Croatia
7 Jul 1963 Socialist Republic of Croatia
Aug 1990 Republic of Croatia
25 Jun 1991 independence declared
8 Jul 1991 - 8 Oct 1991 independence suspended
Secretaries of the Central Committee of the Communist Party
(from 1952, League of Communists)
1945 - 1947 Djuro Spoljaric
1948 - 1969 Vladimir Bakaric (b. 1912 - d. 1983)
1969 - Dec 1971 Savka Dabcevic-Kucar (f) (b. 1923 - d. 2009)
14 Dec 1971 - May 1982 Milka Planinc (f) (b. 1924)
May 1982 - 1 Jul 1983 Jure Bilic (b. 1922 - d. 2006)
1 Jul 1983 - 15 May 1984 Josip Vrhovec (b. 1926 - d. 2006)
15 May 1984 - May 1986 Mika Spiljak (b. 1916 - d. 2007)
May 1986 - Dec 1989 Stanko Stojcevic (b. 1929)
13 Dec 1989 - 1990 Ivica Racan (b. 1944 - d. 2007)
Bans (viceroys)
26 Aug 1693 - 7 Sep 1703 Adam Batthy�ny (b. 1662 - d. 1703)
24 Jan 1704 - 17 Feb 1732 Ivan P�llfy (b. 1664 - d. 1751)
17 Feb 1732 - 4 Jan 1733 Ivan Draskovic V (b. 1660 - d. 1733)
13 Aug 1733 - 25 Jun 1741 Josip Eszterh�zy (b. 1682 - d. 1748)
1741 - 1742 Gy�rgy Branyng (b. 1677 - d. 1748)
16 Mar 1743 - 6 Jul 1756 Karlo Batthy�ny (b. 1698 - d. 1772)
1756 - 1783 Franjo Leopold N�dasdy (b. 1708 - d. 1783)
1783 - 1785 Franjo Esterh�zy (b. 1715 - d. 1785)
+ Franjo Sz�chenyi (b. 1754 - d. 1820)
1785 - 1790 Franjo de Gyarmath Balassa (b. 1736 - d. 1807)
1790 - 30 Mar 1806 Ivan Erd�dy (b. 1760 - d. 1806)
1806 - 1831 Ignjat Gyulay Maros-Nemeth (b. 1763 - d. 1831)
10 Feb 1832 - 16 May 1840 Franjo Vlasic (b. 1766 - d. 1840)
1840 - 16 Jun 1842 Juraj Haulik de Varalaj (1st time) (b. 1788 - d. 1869)
(acting)
16 Jun 1842 - 1845 Franjo Haller (b. 1796 - d. 1875)
1845 - 23 Mar 1848 Juraj Haulik de Varalaj (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting)
23 Mar 1848 - 19 May 1859 Josip Jelacic (b. 1801 - d. 1859)
28 Jul 1859 - 19 Jun 1860 Ivan Coronini (b. 1794 - d. 1880)
19 Jun 1860 - 27 Jun 1867 Josip Sokcevic (b. 1811 - d. 1896)
27 Jun 1867 - 26 Jan 1871 Levin Rauch (b. 1819 - d. 1890)
(acting to 8 Dec 1868)
26 Jan 1871 - 12 Feb 1872 Koloman Bedekovic (b. 1818 - d. 1889)
8 Oct 1871 - 11 Oct 1871 Eugen Kvaternik (b. 1825 - d. 1871)
(in rebellion, at Rakovica)
17 Feb 1872 - 20 Sep 1873 Antun Vakanovic (acting) (b. 1808 - d. 1894)
20 Sep 1873 - 21 Feb 1880 Ivan Mazuranic (b. 1814 - d. 1890)
21 Feb 1880 - 4 Sep 1883 Ladislav Pejacevic (b. 1824 - d. 1901)
4 Sep 1883 - 1 Dec 1883 Hermann Ramberg (acting) (b. 1820 - d. 1899)
4 Dec 1883 - 27 Jun 1903 K�roly Khuen-H�derv�ry (b. 1849 - d. 1918)
1 Jul 1903 - 26 Jun 1907 Teodor Pejacevic (b. 1855 - d. 1928)
26 Jun 1907 - 8 Jan 1908 Aleksandar Rakodczaj (b. 1848 - d. 1924)
8 Jan 1908 - 5 Feb 1910 Pavao Rauch (b. 1865 - d. 1933)
5 Feb 1910 - 19 Jan 1912 Nikola Tomasic (b. 1864 - d. 1918)
19 Jan 1912 - 21 Jul 1913 Slavko Cuvaj (b. 1851 - d. 1931)
(acting from 5 Apr 1912)
21 Jul 1913 - 29 Jun 1917 Ivan Skerlecz (b. 1873 - d. 1951)
(acting to 27 Nov 1913)
29 Jun 1917 - 20 Jan 1919 Antun Mihalovic (b. 1868 - d. 1949)
20 Jan 1919 - 24 Nov 1919 Ivan Palecek
24 Nov 1919 - 22 Feb 1920 Tomislav Tomljenovic (1st time)
22 Feb 1920 - 11 Dec 1920 Matko Laginja (b. 1852 - d. 1930)
23 Dec 1920 - 2 Mar 1921 Teodor Bosnjak (acting)
2 Mar 1921 - 3 Jul 1921 Tomislav Tomljenovic (2nd time)
Provincial Commissioners
3 Jul 1921 - 23 Dec 1922 Juraj Demetrovic (b. 1885 - d. 1945)
23 Dec 1922 - 1 Mar 1924 Ernest Cimic (b. 1876 - d. 19...)
Ban
26 Aug 1939 - 10 Apr 1941 Ivan Subasic (b. 1892 - d. 1955)
Chairman of the Presidency of the People's Assembly of Slovenes, Croats, and Serbs
29 Oct 1918 - 1 Dec 1918 Anton Korosec (b. 1872 - d. 1940)
Leader (poglavnik)
12 Apr 1941 - 6 May 1945 Ante Pavelic (b. 1889 - d. 1959)
(Head of State to 15 Apr 1941)
Presidents of the Presidium of the People's Assembly
(until 25 Aug 1945, chairman of the Anti-Fascist Council of People's Liberation)
13 Jun 1943 - 15 Jun 1949 Vladimir Nazor (b. 1876 - d. 1949)
15 Oct 1949 - 1952 Karlo-Gaspar Mrazovic (b. 1902 - d. 1987)
1952 - 6 Feb 1953 Vicko Krstulovic (b. 1905 - d. 1989)
Presidents of the Assembly
6 Feb 1953 - 18 Dec 1953 Zlatan Sremec (b. 1898 - d. 1971)
18 Dec 1953 - 1963 Vladimir Bakaric (s.a.)
1963 - 1967 Ivan Krajacic (b. 1906 - d. 1987)
1967 - 8 May 1974 Jakov Blazevic (b. 1912 - d. 1996)
Presidents of the Presidency
8 May 1974 - 1982 Jakov Blazevic (s.a.)
1982 - May 1983 Marijan Cvetkovic (b. 1920 - d. 1990)
May 1983 - 10 May 1984 Milutin Baltic (b. 1920)
10 May 1984 - 10 May 1985 Jaksa Petric (b. 1922 - d. 1993)
10 May 1985 - 20 Nov 1985 Pero Car (b. 1920 - d. 1985)
20 Nov 1985 - 10 May 1986 Ema Derosi-Bjelajac (f) (b. 1926)
10 May 1986 - May 1988 Ante Markovic (b. 1924)
May 1988 - 30 May 1990 Ivo Latin (b. 1929 - d. 2002)
Presidents
30 May 1990 - 10 Dec 1999 Franjo Tudjman (b. 1922 - d. 1999)
26 Nov 1999 - 2 Feb 2000 Vlatko Pavletic (b. 1930 - d. 2007)
(acting [for Tudjman to 10 Dec 1999])
2 Feb 2000 - 18 Feb 2000 Zlatko Tomcic (acting) (b. 1945)
18 Feb 2000 - 18 Feb 2010 Stipe Mesic (b. 1934)
18 Feb 2010 - Ivo Josipovic (b. 1957)
Prime ministers
17 Apr 1941 - 2 Sep 1943 Ante Pavelic (s.a.)
2 Sep 1943 - 6 May 1945 Nikola Mandic (b. 1869 - d. 1945)
14 Apr 1945 - 6 Feb 1953 Vladimir Bakaric (s.a.)
Chairmen of the Executive Council
6 Feb 1953 - 18 Dec 1953 Vladimir Bakaric (s.a.)
18 Dec 1953 - 1962 Jakov Blazevic (s.a.)
1962 - 1963 Zvonko Brkic (b. 1912 - d. 1977)
1963 - 1967 Mika Spiljak (s.a.)
1967 - 1969 Savka Dabcevic-Kucar (f) (s.a.)
1969 - Dec 1971 Dragutin Haramija (b. 1923)
Dec 1971 - Apr 1974 Ivo Perisin (b. 1925 - d. 2008)
Apr 1974 - 9 May 1978 Jakov Sirotkovic (b. 1922 - d. 2002)
9 May 1978 - Jul 1980 Petar Flekovic
Jul 1980 - May 1986 Ante Markovic (s.a.)
10 May 1986 - 30 May 1990 Antun Milovic (b. 1934)
Prime ministers
30 May 1990 - 24 Aug 1990 Stipe Mesic (s.a.)
24 Aug 1990 - 3 Aug 1991 Josip Manolic (b. 1920)
3 Aug 1991 - 8 Sep 1992 Franjo Greguric (b. 1939)
8 Sep 1992 - 29 Mar 1993 Hrvoje Sarinic (b. 1935)
29 Mar 1993 - 4 Nov 1995 Nikica Valentic (b. 1950)
4 Nov 1995 - 27 Jan 2000 Zlatko Matesa (b. 1949)
27 Jan 2000 - 23 Dec 2003 Ivica Racan (s.a.)
23 Dec 2003 - 6 Jul 2009 Ivo Sanader (b. 1953)
6 Jul 2009 - Jadranka Kosor (f) (b. 1953)
�King Tomislav II (b. 1900 - d. 1948), proclaimed 18 May 1941, abdicated 31 Jul 1943, was not installed.
21 Dec 1867 "Corpus separatum" of the Hungarian Crown
28 Oct 1918 status indeterminate, under the Principal Allied and
Associated Powers
8 Sep 1920 Reggenza Italiana del Carnaro
31 Dec 1920 Independent State of Fiume
16 Mar 1924 incorporated into Italy
10 Feb 1947 incorporated into Yugoslavia/Croatia
Governors
6 Apr 1867 - 29 Jul 1870 Ede Cseh de Szentkatolna (b. 181... - d. 1887)
29 Jul 1870 - 5 Dec 1872 J�zsef gr�f Zichy de Zich et
V�sonke� (b. 1841 - d. 1924)
26 Feb 1873 - 1 Nov 1883 G�za gr�f Szap�ry de Szap�r (b. 1827 - d. 1898)
1 Nov 1883 - 6 Mar 1892 �gost gr�f Zichy (b. 1852 - d. 1925)
6 Mar 1892 - 2 Oct 1896 Lajos gr�f Batthy�ny de Nemetujv�r (b. 1860 - d. 1951)
2 Oct 1896 - 14 Jul 1897 Rezs� b�r� Abele de Lilienberg (b. 1851 - d. 1923)
14 Jul 1897 - 23 Nov 1897 Tibor Gaal de Hatvan (1st time) (b. 1861 - d. 1917)
(acting)
23 Nov 1897 - 2 Aug 1903 L�szl� gr�f Szap�ry de Szap�r (b. 1864 - d. 1939)
2 Aug 1903 - 10 Dec 1903 Tibor Gaal de Hatvan (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting)
10 Dec 1903 - 17 Feb 1905 Ervin b�r� Roszner (b. 1852 - d. 1928)
17 Feb 1905 - 17 Oct 1905 Tibor Gaal de Hatvan (3rd time) (s.a.)
(acting)
17 Oct 1905 - 26 Dec 1905 P�l gr�f Szap�ry de Szap�r (b. 1873 - d. 1917)
26 Dec 1905 - 24 May 1906 Tibor Gaal de Hatvan (4th time) (s.a.)
(acting)
4 Apr 1906 - 29 Apr 1906 Gy�rgy gr�f K�rolyi de Nagyk�roly (b. 1871 - d. 1954)
24 May 1906 - 7 Dec 1909 S�ndor gr�f N�k� de
Nagyszentmikl�s (b. 1871 - d. 1923)
7 Dec 1909 - 31 Jul 1917 Istv�n gr�f Wickenburg de Capell� (b. 1859 - d. 1931)
(acting to 13 Nov 1910)
31 Jul 1917 - 29 Oct 1918 Zolt�n Jekelfalussy de Jekel- �s
Margitfalva (b. 1862 - d. 1945)
President of the Italian National Council of Fiume
28 Oct 1918 - 8 Sep 1920 Antonio Grossich (b. 1849 - d. 1926)
14 Sep 1919 - 8 Sep 1920 Gabriele D'Annunzio (Commander) (b. 1863 - d. 1938)
Primo Rettore
8 Sep 1920 - 29 Dec 1920 Gabriele D'Annunzio (s.a.)
President of the Municipal Council of Fiume
29 Dec 1920 - 31 Dec 1920 Riccardo Gigante (b. 1881 - d. 1945)
Chairman of the Provisional Government of the State
31 Dec 1920 - 27 Apr 1921 Antonio Grossich (s.a.)
President of the Provisional Directory of Fiume
27 Apr 1921 - 28 Apr 1921 Riccardo Gigante (s.a.)
Commissioner Extraordinary
28 Apr 1921 - 13 Jun 1921 Salvatore Bellasich (b. 1890 - d. 1946)
High commissioners
13 Jun 1921 - 1921 Antonio Foschini� (b. 1872 - d. 1965)
1921 - 5 Oct 1921 Luigi Amantea� (b. 1869 - d. 1949)
Presidents
5 Oct 1921 - 4 Mar 1922 Riccardo Zanella (b. 1876 - d. 1959)
4 Mar 1922 - 9 Mar 1922 Committee of National Defense
9 Mar 1922 - 16 Mar 1922 Giovanni Giuriati (provisional) (b. 1876 - d. 1970)
Provisional Head of State
17 Mar 1922 - 17 Sep 1923 Attilio Depoli (b. 1887 - d. 1963)
Military Governor
17 Sep 1923 - 16 Mar 1924 Gaetano Giardino� (b. 1864 - d. 1935)
�These persons were appointed on behalf of the Kingdom of Italy.
19 Dec 1991 independence declared (Serb Republic of Krajina)
7 Aug 1995 retaken by Croatia; an independent government remains in
the eastern part (Srem-Baranja District) until 1997
15 Jan 1996 - 15 Jan 1998 United Nations Transitional Administration for Eastern
Slavonia, Baranja and Western Srem (UNTAES)
Presidents
19 Dec 1991 - 16 Feb 1992 Milan Babic (b. 1956 - d. 2006)
16 Feb 1992 - 26 Feb 1992 Mile Paspalj (acting) (b. 1953)
26 Feb 1992 - Feb 1994 Goran Hadzic (b. 1958)
Feb 1994 - 7 Aug 1995 Milan Martic (b. 1954)
Prime ministers
Dec 1991 - 26 Feb 1992 Dusan Vjestica
26 Feb 1992 - 27 Mar 1993 Zdravko Zecevic
27 Mar 1993 - 17 Mar 1994 Djordje Bjegovic (b. 1941)
17 Mar 1994 - 27 Jul 1995 Borislav Mikelic (b. 1939)
27 Jul 1995 - 7 Aug 1995 Milan Babic (s.a.)
Presidents
1995 - 1996 Slavko Dokmanovic (b. 1949 - d. 1998)
1996 - 1997 Goran Hadzic (s.a.)
Prime ministers
1995 - 1996 Borislav Drzajic
1996 - 1997 Vojislav Stanimirovic (b. 1953)
UNTAES administrators
17 Jan 1996 - 1 Aug 1997 Jacques Paul Klein (U.S.) (b. 1939)
1 Aug 1997 - 15 Jan 1998 William Walker (U.S.) (b. 1935)
1511 Spanish colony
13 Aug 1762 - 8 Jul 1763 occupied by Britain
10 Oct 1868 independence declared as Republic of Cuba, in insurrection
against colonial power Spain (this insurrection is
referred to retrospectively as Rep�blica de Cuba en armas)
1 Jan 1899 Spain cedes colonial authority to U.S.
(de jure 11 Apr 1899)
20 May 1902 Republic of Cuba
29 Sep 1906 - 28 Jan 1909 U.S. occupation
First secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba
3 Oct 1965 - Fidel Castro (b. 1926)
31 Jul 2006 - Ra�l Castro (b. 1931)
(acting for Fidel Castro)
Governors
1696 - 1702 Diego de C�rdoba Lasso de la Vega,
marqu�s del Vado (b. 16... - d. 1720)
20 Sep 1702 - 4 Dec 1704 Pedro Nicol�s Ben�tez de Lugo (b. 16... - d. 1705)
4 Dec 1704 - 13 May 1706 Nicol�s Chirino y de Vandeval (b. 16... - d. 1710)
(acting)
13 May 1706 - 8 Jun 1706 Pedro �lvarez de Villamar�n (b. 16... - d. 1706)
8 Jun 1706 - 18 Jan 1708 Luis Chac�n y Castell�n (1st time) (b. 1670 - d. 1716)
(acting)
18 Jan 1708 - 18 Feb 1711 Laureano Jos� de Torres Ayala y
Quadros Castellanos, marqu�s de
Casa Torres (b. 1645 - d. 1722)
18 Feb 1711 - 26 May 1711 Luis Chac�n y Castell�n (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting)
26 May 1711 - 23 Aug 1717 Vicente de Raja (b. 16... - d. 1717)
23 Aug 1717 - 23 Jun 1718 G�mez Maraver Ponce de Le�n
(acting)
23 Jun 1718 - 29 Sep 1724 Gregorio Guazo y Calder�n
Fern�ndez de la Vega (b. 1675 - d. 1726)
29 Sep 1724 - 18 Mar 1734 Dionisio Mart�nez de la Vega (b. 167... - d. 1741)
18 Mar 1734 - 22 Apr 1746 Francisco de G�emes y Horcasitas
Gord�n de Saenz de Villamolinedo,
conde de Revillagigedo (b. 1681 - d. 1776)
22 Apr 1746 - 21 Jul 1746 Juan Antonio Tineo y Fuertes (b. 169... - d. 1746)
21 Jul 1746 - 9 Jun 1747 Diego Pe�alosa (acting)
9 Jun 1747 - 18 May 1760 Francisco Antonio Cagigal de la
Vega (b. 1695 - d. 1777)
18 May 1760 - 7 Feb 1761 Pedro Alonso (acting)
7 Feb 1761 - 13 Aug 1762 Juan de Prado Mayeza Portocarrero
y Luna
13 Aug 1762 - 1 Jan 1763 George Keppel, Earl of Albemarle (b. 1724 - d. 1772)
1 Jan 1763 - 8 Jul 1763 William Keppel (b. 1727 - d. 1782)
8 Jul 1763 - 27 Jun 1765 Ambrosio Funes Villalpando Abarca
de Bolea, conde de Ricla (b. 1720 - d. 1780)
27 Jun 1765 - 24 Jul 1765 Diego Manrique (b. 17... - d. 1765)
24 Jul 1765 - 11 Mar 1766 Pascual Jim�nez de Cisneros (b. 1709 - d. 1784)
(acting)
11 Mar 1766 - 14 Aug 1771 Antonio Mar�a de Bucareli y Urs�a
Hinostrosa Lasso de la Vega (b. 1717 - d. 1779)
14 Aug 1771 - 18 Nov 1771 Diego Jos� Navarro y Garc�a de
Valladares (1st time) (acting) (b. 1708 - d. 1784)
18 Nov 1771 - 12 Jun 1777 Felipe de Fonsdeviela y Ondeano,
marqu�s de la Torre (b. 1725 - d. 1784)
12 Jun 1777 - 12 Feb 1782 Diego Jos� Navarro y Garc�a de
Valladares (2nd time) (s.a.)
12 Feb 1782 - 29 Dec 1782 Juan Manuel de Cagigal y
Montserrat (b. 1739 - d. 1811)
29 Dec 1782 - 1 Feb 1785 Luis de Unzaga y Amezaga (b. 1721 - d. 1793)
1 Feb 1785 - 7 Apr 1785 Bernardo Vicente de G�lvez y
Galardo, conde de G�lvez (b. 1746 - d. 1786)
7 Apr 1785 - 1 Dec 1785 Bernardo Troncoso Mart�nez del
Rinc�n (acting) (b. 1730 - d. 1804)
1 Dec 1785 - 18 Apr 1789 Jos� de Ezpeleta (b. 1741 - d. 1823)
18 Apr 1789 - 8 Jul 1790 Domingo Cabello y Robles (acting) (b. c.1725 - d. 1801)
8 Jul 1790 - 6 Dec 1796 Luis de las Casas y Arragorri (b. 1745 - d. 1800)
6 Dec 1796 - 13 May 1799 Juan Procopio Bassecourt y Bryas,
conde de Santa Clara (b. 1740 - d. 1820)
13 May 1799 - 14 Apr 1812 Salvador de Muro y Salazar,
marqu�s de Someruelos (b. 1754 - d. 1813)
14 Apr 1812 - 1 Jul 1816 Juan Ruiz de Apodaca (b. 1754 - d. 1835)
1 Jul 1816 - 29 Aug 1819 Jos� Cienfuegos (b. 1763 - d. 1825)
29 Aug 1819 - 3 Mar 1821 Juan Manuel de Cagigal y Mart�nez (b. 1757? - d. 1823)
3 Mar 1821 - 13 Jul 1822 Nicol�s de Mahy y Romo (b. 1757 - d. 1822)
13 Jul 1822 - 2 May 1823 Sebasti�n Kindel�n y Oreg�n (b. 1763 - d. 1836)
(acting)
2 May 1823 - 15 May 1832 Francisco Dionisio Vives (b. 1775 - d. 1840)
15 May 1832 - 1 Jun 1834 Mariano Ricafort Palac�n y Abarca (b. 1776 - d. 1846)
1 Jun 1834 - 20 Apr 1838 Miguel Tac�n (b. 1775 - d. 1855)
20 Apr 1838 - 10 Jan 1840 Joaqu�n de Ezpeleta (b. 1786 - d. 1863)
10 Jan 1840 - 7 Mar 1841 Pedro T�llez Gir�n (b. 1776 - d. 1851)
7 Mar 1841 - 13 Sep 1843 Jer�nimo Vald�s (b. 1784 - d. 1855)
13 Sep 1843 - 20 Oct 1843 Francisco Javier de Ulloa (acting) (b. 1777 - d. 1855)
20 Oct 1843 - 20 Feb 1848 Leopoldo O'Donnell (b. 1809 - d. 1867)
20 Feb 1848 - 11 Nov 1850 Federico Roncali (b. 1801? - d. 1857)
11 Nov 1850 - 16 Apr 1852 Jos� Guti�rrez de la Concha
(1st time) (b. 1809 - d. 1895)
16 Apr 1852 - 3 Dec 1853 Valent�n Ca�edo (b. 1806 - d. 1856)
3 Dec 1853 - 21 Sep 1854 Juan Gonz�lez de la Pezuela (b. 1809 - d. 1906)
21 Sep 1854 - 24 Nov 1859 Jos� Guti�rrez de la Concha
(2nd time) (s.a.)
24 Nov 1859 - 10 Dec 1862 Francisco Serrano y Dom�nguez,
duque de la Torre (b. 1810 - d. 1885)
10 Dec 1862 - 30 May 1866 Domingo Dulce (1st time) (b. 1808 - d. 1869)
30 May 1866 - 3 Nov 1866 Francisco de Lersundi y Ormaechea
(1st time) (b. 1817 - d. 1874)
3 Nov 1866 - 24 Sep 1867 Joaqu�n del Manzano (b. 1805 - d. 1867)
24 Sep 1867 - 21 Dec 1867 Blas Villate (1st time) (acting) (b. 1824 - d. 1882)
21 Dec 1867 - 4 Jan 1869 Francisco de Lersundi y Ormaechea
(2nd time) (s.a.)
4 Jan 1869 - 2 Jun 1869 Domingo Dulce (2nd time) (s.a.)
2 Jun 1869 - 28 Jun 1869 Felipe Ginov�s del Espinar
(acting)
28 Jun 1869 - 13 Dec 1870 Antonio Caballero y Fern�ndez de
Rodas (b. 1816 - d. 1876)
13 Dec 1870 - 11 Jul 1872 Blas Villate (2nd time) (s.a.)
11 Jul 1872 - 18 Apr 1873 Francisco Ceballos y Vargas (b. 1814 - d. 1883)
(acting)
18 Apr 1873 - 4 Nov 1873 C�ndido Pielta�n (b. 1822 - d. 1888)
4 Nov 1873 - 6 Apr 1874 Joaqu�n Jovellar y Soler
(1st time) (b. 1819 - d. 1892)
6 Apr 1874 - 1 Mar 1875 Jos� Guti�rrez de la Concha
(3rd time) (s.a.)
1 Mar 1875 - 8 Mar 1875 Buenaventura Carb� (acting) (b. 1819 - d. 18...)
8 Mar 1875 - 18 Jan 1876 Blas Villate (3rd time) (s.a.)
18 Jan 1876 - 17 Jun 1876 Joaqu�n Jovellar y Soler
(2nd time) (s.a.)
17 Jun 1876 - 5 Feb 1879 Arsenio Mart�nez Campos (1st time) (b. 1831 - d. 1900)
5 Feb 1879 - 17 Apr 1879 Cayetano Figueroa (acting)
17 Apr 1879 - 28 Nov 1881 Ram�n Blanco y Erenas, marqu�s
de Pe�a Plata (1st time) (b. 1833 - d. 1906)
28 Nov 1881 - 4 Aug 1883 Luis Prendergast y Gordon, marqu�s
de Victoria de las Tunas (b. 1823 - d. 1892)
5 Aug 1883 - 28 Sep 1883 Tom�s de Reyna y Reyna (acting) (b. 1821 - d. 1896)
28 Sep 1883 - 8 Nov 1884 Ignacio Mar�a del Castillo (b. 1817 - d. 1893)
8 Nov 1884 - 5 Mar 1886 Ram�n Fajardo (b. 1826 - d. 1888)
5 Mar 1886 - 30 Mar 1886 Sabas Mar�n (1st time) (acting) (b. 1828 - d. 1901)
30 Mar 1886 - 15 Jul 1887 Emilio Calleja (1st time) (b. 1830 - d. 1906)
15 Jul 1887 - 13 Mar 1889 Sabas Mar�n (2nd time) (s.a.)
13 Mar 1889 - 6 Feb 1890 Manuel Salamanca y Negrete (b. 1831 - d. 1891)
6 Feb 1890 - 4 Apr 1890 Jos� S�nchez G�mez (acting)
4 Apr 1890 - 24 Aug 1890 Jos� Chinchilla (b. 1839 - d. 1898)
24 Aug 1890 - 20 Jun 1892 Camilo Garc�a de Polavieja y del
Castillo (b. 1838 - d. 1914)
20 Jun 1892 - 15 Jul 1893 Alejandro Rodr�guez Arias (b. 1838 - d. 1893)
15 Jul 1893 - 16 Sep 1893 Jos� Arderius (acting)
16 Sep 1893 - 16 Apr 1895 Emilio Calleja (2nd time) (s.a.)
16 Apr 1895 - 11 Jan 1896 Arsenio Mart�nez Campos (2nd time) (s.a.)
11 Jan 1896 - 31 Oct 1897 Valeriano Weyler (b. 1838 - d. 1930)
31 Oct 1897 - 30 Nov 1898 Ram�n Blanco y Erenas, marqu�s
de Pe�a Plata (2nd time) (s.a.)
30 Nov 1898 - 1 Jan 1899 Adolfo Jim�nez Castellanos (b. 1844 - d. 1929)
Presidents
10 Oct 1868 - 27 Oct 1873 Carlos Manuel de C�spedes (b. 1819 - d. 1874)
(provisional to 12 Apr 1869)
27 Oct 1873 - 1 Jul 1875 Salvador Cisneros y Betancourt,
marqu�s de Santa Luc�a (1st time) (b. 1848 - d. 1914)
(acting)
1 Jul 1875 - 29 Mar 1876 Juan Bautista Spotorno (acting) (b. 1832 - d. 1917)
29 Mar 1876 - 19 Oct 1877 Tom�s Estrada Palma (1st time) (b. 1835 - d. 1908)
19 Oct 1877 - 13 Dec 1877 Francisco Javier de C�spedes (b. 1821 - d. 1903)
(interim)
13 Dec 1877 - 10 Feb 1878 Vicente Garc�a y Gonz�lez (b. 1833 - d. 1886)
10 Feb 1878 - 16 Mar 1878 Spanish control reasserted
16 Mar 1878 - 28 May 1878 Manuel de Jes�s Calvar (b. 1832 - d. 1895)
(chairman Provisional Government)
28 May 1878 - 18 Sep 1895 Spanish control reasserted
18 Sep 1895 - 30 Oct 1897 Salvador Cisneros y Betancourt,
marqu�s de Santa Luc�a (2nd time) (s.a.)
(chairman Government Council)
30 Oct 1897 - 7 Nov 1898 Bartolom� Mas� (b. 1830 - d. 1907)
Chairmen of the Executive Council of the Assembly of Representatives
of the Cuban Revolution
7 Nov 1898 - 10 Nov 1898 Domingo M�ndez Capote (b. 1863 - d. 1933)
(chairman Assembly)
10 Nov 1898 - 4 Apr 1899 Rafael Portuondo Tamayo (b. 1840 - d. 1908)
4 Apr 1899 - 30 Jun 1899 Jos� Lacret (b. 1848 - d. 1904)
Governors
1 Jan 1899 - 23 Dec 1899 John Ruller Brooke (b. 1838 - d. 1926)
23 Dec 1899 - 20 May 1902 Leonard Wood (b. 1868 - d. 1927)
President
20 May 1902 - 28 Sep 1906 Tom�s Estrada Palma (2nd time) (s.a.)
Provisional governors
29 Sep 1906 - 13 Oct 1906 William Howard Taft (b. 1857 - d. 1930)
13 Oct 1906 - 28 Jan 1909 Charles E. Magoon (b. 1861 - d. 1920)
Presidents
28 Jan 1909 - 20 May 1913 Jos� Miguel G�mez (b. 1858 - d. 1921)
20 May 1913 - 20 May 1921 Mario Garc�a Menocal (b. 1868 - d. 1941)
20 May 1921 - 20 May 1925 Alfredo Zayas y Alfonso (b. 1861 - d. 1934)
20 May 1925 - 24 Aug 1933 Gerardo Machado y Morales (b. 1871 - d. 1939)
(left Cuba 12 Aug 1933)
13 Aug 1933 - 5 Sep 1933 Carlos Manuel de C�spedes (b. 1871 - d. 1939)
(provisional [acting for Machado to 24 Aug 1933])
5 Sep 1933 - 10 Sep 1933 Executive Commission of the
Provisional Government
- Ram�n Grau San Mart�n (b. 1887 - d. 1969)
- Guillermo Portela y M�ller (b. 1886 - d. 1958)
- Jos� Miguel Irisarri y Gamio (b. 1895)
- Sergio Carb� y Morera (b. 1891 - d. 1971)
- Porfirio Franca y �lvarez
de la Campa (b. 1878 - d. 1950)
10 Sep 1933 - 15 Jan 1934 Ram�n Grau San Mart�n (1st time) (s.a.)
15 Jan 1934 - 18 Jan 1934 Carlos Hevia y de los Reyes
Gavil�n (provisional) (b. 1900 - d. 1964)
18 Jan 1934 (hours) Manuel M�rquez Sterling y Loret de
Mola (acting) (b. 1872 - d. 1934)
18 Jan 1934 - 11 Dec 1935 Carlos Mendieta y Montefur (b. 1873 - d. 1960)
(provisional)
11 Dec 1935 - 20 May 1936 Jos� Agripino Barnet y Vinageras (b. 1864 - d. 1945)
(acting to 13 Dec 1935, provisional from 13 Dec 1935)
20 May 1936 - 24 Dec 1936 Miguel Mariano G�mez y Arias (b. 1889 - d. 1950)
24 Dec 1936 - 10 Oct 1940 Federico Laredo Br� (b. 1875 - d. 1946)
10 Oct 1940 - 10 Oct 1944 Fulgencio Batista (1st time) (b. 1901 - d. 1973)
10 Oct 1944 - 10 Oct 1948 Ram�n Grau San Mart�n (2nd time) (s.a.)
10 Oct 1948 - 10 Mar 1952 Carlos Pr�o Socarr�s (b. 1903 - d. 1977)
10 Mar 1952 - 1 Jan 1959 Fulgencio Batista (2nd time) (s.a.)
(Head of State to 4 Apr 1952)
14 Aug 1954 - 24 Feb 1955 Andr�s Domingo y Morales del
Castillo (acting for Batista) (b. 1892 - d. 1979)
1 Jan 1959 - 2 Jan 1959 Anselmo Alliegro y Mil� (acting) (b. 1899 - d. 1961)
2 Jan 1959 (hours) Carlos Manuel Piedra y Piedra (b. 1895? - d. 1988)
(interim)
3 Jan 1959 - 17 Jul 1959 Manuel Urrutia Lle� (b. 1901 - d. 1981)
18 Jul 1959 - 2 Dec 1976 Osvaldo Dortic�s Torrado (b. 1919 - d. 1983)
Presidents of the Council of State
3 Dec 1976 - 24 Feb 2008 Fidel Castro (s.a.)
31 Jul 2006 - Ra�l Castro (s.a.)
(acting for Fidel Castro to 24 Feb 2008)
President of the Cabinet
1 Jan 1898 - 1898 Jos� Mar�a G�lvez (b. 1834 - d. 1906)
Premiers
10 Oct 1940 - 16 Aug 1942 Carlos Saladrigas y Zayas (b. 1900 - d. 1956)
16 Aug 1942 - 16 Mar 1944 Ram�n Zayd�n y M�rquez Sterling (b. 1895 - d. 1968)
16 Mar 1944 - 10 Oct 1944 Anselmo Alliegro y Mil� (s.a.)
10 Oct 1944 - 13 Oct 1945 F�lix Lanc�s S�nchez (1st time) (b. 1900)
13 Oct 1945 - 1 May 1947 Carlos Pr�o Socarr�s (s.a.)
1 May 1947 - 10 Oct 1948 Ra�l L�pez del Castillo
10 Oct 1948 - 6 Oct 1950 Manuel Antonio de Varona y Loredo (b. 1908 - d. 1992)
6 Oct 1950 - 1 Oct 1951 F�lix Lanc�s S�nchez (2nd time) (s.a.)
1 Oct 1951 - 10 Mar 1952 �scar B. Gans y L�pez Mart�nez (b. 1903 - d. 1965)
24 Feb 1955 - 26 Mar 1957 Jorge Garc�a Montes (b. 1898 - d. 1982)
26 Mar 1957 - 6 Mar 1958 Andr�s Rivero Ag�ero (b. 1905 - d. 1997)
6 Mar 1958 - 12 Mar 1958 Emilio N��ez Portuondo (b. 1898 - d. 1978)
12 Mar 1958 - 1 Jan 1959 Gonzalo G�ell y Morales de los
R�os (b. 1895 - d. 1985)
5 Jan 1959 - 13 Feb 1959 Jos� Mir� Cardona (b. 1902 - d. 1974)
16 Feb 1959 - 2 Dec 1976 Fidel Castro (s.a.)
Presidents of the Council of Ministers
3 Dec 1976 - 24 Feb 2008 Fidel Castro (s.a.)
31 Jul 2006 - Ra�l Castro (s.a.)
(acting for Fidel Castro to 24 Feb 2008)
Jun 1898 U.S. occupation 10 Dec 1903 Guantanamo Bay Naval Station leased to U.S. 1 Apr 1941 renamed Guantanamo Bay Naval Operating Base 18 Jun 1952 renamed Guantanamo Bay Naval Base Commandants 10 Dec 1903 - May 1904 William H. Allen 17 May 1904 - Sep 1906 Charles C. Rogers 8 Sep 1906 - Jul 1907 Albert A. Ackerman Aug 1907 - May 1908 Clark D. Stearns (acting) May 1908 - Apr 1909 Charles H. Harlow May 1909 - Nov 1909 Myles Joyce (acting) Nov 1909 - Jan 1912 Walter Ball (b. 1872 - d. 1944) 18 Jan 1912 - Jun 1913 George W. Kline Jun 1913 - Jan 1914 Merritt S. Corning (acting) Jan 1914 - Oct 1914 Hilary Williams Dec 1914 - May 1916 John M. Luby 4 May 1916 - Sep 1917 Dudley W. Knox (b. 1877 - d. 1960) Sep 1917 - Nov 1918 E.E. Wright Dec 1918 - Sep 1920 Guy Whitlock (b. ... - d. 1922?) Sep 1920 - Jun 1921 John J. Hannigan Jun 1921 - May 1923 Robert T. Menner May 1923 - Jun 1924 Ward K. Wortman Jun 1924 - Jun 1926 Charles M. Tozer Jun 1926 - Aug 1928 Charles C. Soule, Jr. Aug 1928 - Jun 1930 Charles S. McWhorter Aug 1930 - Feb 1931 Alfred H. Miles (b. 1883 - d. 1956) Feb 1931 - May 1933 Thomas L. Johnson Jun 1933 - Jun 1934 Edward C. Raguet Jun 1934 - Apr 1936 Charles M. Cooke, Jr. (b. 1886 - d. 1970) May 1936 - Jun 1938 Mark L. Hersey, Jr. Jun 1938 - Aug 1940 Worral R. Carter Sep 1940 - Mar 1944 George L. Weyler Commanders Apr 1944 - Oct 1944 Frank Alfred Braisted (b. 1889 - d. 1981) Oct 1944 - Dec 1945 J.J. Mahoney Jan 1946 - May 1948 C.E. Battle, Jr. Jun 1948 - Jun 1950 W.K. Phillips Jun 1950 - Dec 1950 A.M. Bledsoe Dec 1950 - Jan 1953 M.E. Murphy Jan 1953 - Dec 1953 C.L.C. Atkeson (b. 1899 - d. 1975) Feb 1954 - Sep 1955 E.B. Taylor Sep 1955 - Oct 1956 W.G. Cooper Dec 1956 - Nov 1958 R.B. Ellis Nov 1958 - Oct 1960 Frank W. Fenno (b. 1902 - d. 1973) Dec 1960 - Dec 1962 Edward J. O'Donnell (b. 1907 - d. 1991) Dec 1962 - Dec 1963 J.W. Davis Dec 1963 - Jun 1966 John Duncan Bulkeley (b. 1911 - d. 1996) Jun 1966 - Jul 1968 E.R. Crawford Jul 1968 - Jun 1970 James B. Hildreth (b. 1920 - d. 2006) Jun 1970 - Aug 1972 B. McCauley Aug 1972 - Jun 1973 Leo B. McCuddin (b. 1917 - d. 1983) Jun 1973 - Jul 1975 Ralph M. Ghormley Jul 1975 - Jun 1977 J.H. McConnell Jun 1977 - Feb 1979 D.W. DeCook Feb 1979 - Mar 1981 John H. Fetterman, Jr. (b. 1932 - d. 2006) Mar 1981 - Oct 1983 M.D. Fitzgerald Oct 1983 - Oct 1985 R.A. Allen Oct 1985 - Apr 1988 John R. Condon Apr 1988 - Jun 1990 John S. Boyd Jun 1990 - Aug 1992 W.C. McCamy, Jr. Aug 1992 - Sep 1994 W.M. DeSpain Sep 1994 - Sep 1995 James F. Boland, Jr. Sep 1995 - Apr 1997 Jim Cannon Apr 1997 - 12 May 2000 Larry E. Larson 12 May 2000 - 27 Mar 2003 Robert A. Buehn (b. 1951?) 27 Mar 2003 - 9 Jul 2005 Leslie J. McCoy 9 Jul 2005 - 22 Sep 2005 Lawrence S. Cotton 22 Sep 2005 - 25 Sep 2008 Mark Leary 25 Sep 2008 - Steven Blaisdell
Aug 1570 part of the Ottoman Empire
12 Jul 1878 British administration (under Ottoman suzerainty
to 5 Nov 1914)
10 Mar 1925 British crown colony
16 Aug 1960 independence
High commissioners (from 10 Mar 1925, governors)
22 Jul 1878 - 23 Jun 1879 Sir Garnet Joseph Wolseley (b. 1833 - d. 1913)
23 Jun 1879 - 9 Mar 1886 Sir Robert Biddulph (b. 1835 - d. 1918)
9 Mar 1886 - 5 Apr 1892 Sir Henry Ernest Gascoyne Bulwer (b. 1836 - d. 1914)
5 Apr 1892 - 23 Apr 1898 Sir Walter Joseph Sendall (b. 1832 - d. 1904)
23 Apr 1898 - 17 Oct 1904 Sir William Frederick Haynes Smith (b. 1839 - d. 1928)
17 Oct 1904 - 12 Oct 1911 Sir Charles Anthony King-Harman (b. 1851 - d. 1939)
12 Oct 1911 - 8 Jan 1915 Hamilton John Goold-Adams (b. 1858 - d. 1920)
8 Jan 1915 - 31 Dec 1918 Sir John Eugene Clauson (b. 1866 - d. 1918)
31 Dec 1918 - 30 Nov 1926 Sir Malcolm Stevenson (b. 1878 - d. 1927)
(acting to 31 Jul 1920)
30 Nov 1926 - 29 Oct 1932 Sir Ronald Storrs (b. 1881 - d. 1955)
29 Oct 1932 - 8 Nov 1933 Sir Reginald Edward Stubbs (b. 1876 - d. 1947)
8 Nov 1933 - 4 Jul 1939 Sir Herbert Richmond Palmer (b. 1877 - d. 1958)
4 Jul 1939 - 3 Oct 1941 William Denis Battershill
(from 1941, Sir William
Denis Battershill) (b. 1896 - d. 1959)
3 Oct 1941 - 24 Oct 1946 Charles Campbell Woolley
(from 1943, Sir Charles
Campbell Woolley) (b. 1893 - d. 1981)
24 Oct 1946 - 4 Aug 1949 Reginald Thomas Herbert Fletcher,
Baron Winster (b. 1885 - d. 1961)
4 Aug 1949 - 1953 Sir Andrew Barkworth Wright (b. 1895 - d. 1971)
1954 - 25 Sep 1955 Sir Robert Perceval Armitage (b. 1906 - d. 1990)
25 Sep 1955 - 3 Dec 1957 Sir John Harding (b. 1896 - d. 1989)
3 Dec 1957 - 16 Aug 1960 Sir Hugh Mackintosh Foot (b. 1907 - d. 1990)
Presidents
16 Aug 1960 - 15 Jul 1974 Makarios III (1st time) (b. 1913 - d. 1977)
15 Jul 1974 - 23 Jul 1974 Nikos Sampson (b. 1934 - d. 2001)
23 Jul 1974 - 3 Aug 1977 Makarios III (2nd time) (s.a.)
23 Jul 1974 - 7 Dec 1974 Glafkos Kliridis (1st time) (b. 1919)
(acting for Makarios)
3 Aug 1977 - 28 Feb 1988 Spyros Kyprianou (b. 1932 - d. 2002)
(acting to 3 Sep 1977)
28 Feb 1988 - 28 Feb 1993 Georgios Vasiliou (b. 1931)
28 Feb 1993 - 28 Feb 2003 Glafkos Kliridis (2nd time) (s.a.)
28 Feb 2003 - 28 Feb 2008 Tassos Papadopoulos (b. 1934 - d. 2008)
28 Feb 2008 - Dimitris Christofias (b. 1946)
20 Jul 1974 Turkish invasion
13 Feb 1975 Turkish Federated State
15 Nov 1983 Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (recognized only
by Turkey)
Presidents
13 Feb 1975 - 24 Apr 2005 Rauf Denktas (b. 1924)
24 Apr 2005 - Mehmet Ali Talat (b. 1952)
Prime ministers
5 Jul 1976 - 21 Apr 1978 Nejat Konuk (b. 1928)
21 Apr 1978 - 12 Dec 1978 Osman �rek (b. 1925 - d. 1999)
12 Dec 1978 - 19 Jul 1985 Mustafa �agatay (b. 1937)
19 Jul 1985 - 1 Jan 1994 Dervis Eroglu (1st time) (b. 1938)
1 Jan 1994 - 16 Aug 1996 Hakki Atun (b. 1935)
16 Aug 1996 - 13 Jan 2004 Dervis Eroglu (2nd time) (s.a.)
13 Jan 2004 - 26 Apr 2005 Mehmet Ali Talat (s.a.)
26 Apr 2005 - 5 May 2009 Ferdi Sabit Soyer (b. 1952)
5 May 2009 - Dervis Eroglu (3rd time) (s.a.)
16 Aug 1960 areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia remain under British
jurisdiction upon independence
Administrators
16 Aug 1960 - 1962 Sir William MacDonald (b. 1908 - d. 1984)
1962 - 1964 Sir Denis Hensley Fulton Barnett (b. 1906 - d. 1992)
1964 - 1966 Thomas Prickett (from 1965,
Sir Thomas Prickett) (b. 1913 - d. 2010)
1966 - 1969 Edward Gordon Jones (from 1967,
Sir Edward Gordon Jones) (b. 1914 - d. 2007)
1969 - 1970 Sir Denis Smallwood (b. 1918 - d. 1997)
1970 - 1973 Derek Hodgkinson (from 1971,
Sir Derek Hodgkinson) (b. 1917 - d. 2010)
1973 - 1976 Sir John Aiken (b. 1921 - d. 2005)
1976 - 1978 Roy Austen-Smith (b. 1924)
1978 - 1980 Walter Reynell Taylor (b. 1928 - d. 1996)
1980 - 1983 Robert Leslie Davis (b. 1930)
1983 - 1985 Sir Desmond Langley (b. 1930 - d. 2008)
1985 - 1988 Kenneth Hayr (b. 1935 - d. 2001)
1988 - 1990 John Peter William Friedberger (b. 1937)
1990 - 1993 Alexander Freeland Cairns Hunter (b. 1939)
1993 - 1995 Alexander Harley (b. 1941)
1995 - 16 Jan 1998 Peter Millar (b. 1942)
16 Jan 1998 - 5 Sep 2000 Angus Ramsay
5 Sep 2000 - 5 Sep 2003 Bill Rimmer (b. 1948)
5 Sep 2003 - 26 Apr 2006 Peter Thomas Clayton Pearson
26 Apr 2006 - Oct 2008 Richard Lacey (b. 1953)
Oct 2008 - Jamie Gordon (b. 1957)
Governors
1848 - 1860 Karl Freiherr von Mecs�ry-Tsoor (b. 1804 - d. 1886)
(acting to 1850)
1860 - 1861 Anton Graf Forg�ch Ghymes (b. 1819 - d. 1885)
1861 - 1863 Ernst Freiherr von Kellersperg
(1st time) (b. 1822 - d. 1879)
1863 - 1865 Richard Graf Belcredi (b. 1823 - d. 1902)
(administrator to 1864)
1865 - 1866 Anton�n Graf Lazansk�
(administrator)
1866 - 1867 Karl Graf Rothkirch-Panthen (b. 1807 - d. 1870)
1867 - 1868 Ernst Freiherr von Kellersperg
(2nd time) (administrator) (s.a.)
1868 - 1870 Alexander Freiherr von Koller
(1st time) (administrator) (b. 1813 - d. 1890)
1870 - 1871 Alexander Graf von
Mensdorff-Pouilly (administrator) (b. 1813 - d. 1871)
1871 Bohuslav Graf Chotek (b. 1829 - d. 1896)
1871 - 1874 Alexander Freiherr von Koller
(2nd time) (s.a.)
Jun 1874 - 1881 Philipp Freiherr Weber von Ebenhof (b. 1818 - d. 1900)
8 Jul 1881 - 1889 Alfred Freiherr von Kraus (b. 1824 - d. 1909)
(administrator to 1882)
1889 - 1896 Franz F�rst von Thun und
Hohenstein (1st time) (b. 1847 - d. 1916)
1896 - 1911 Karl Graf von Coudenhove (b. 1855 - d. 1913)
1911 - 1915 Franz F�rst von Thun und
Hohenstein (2nd time) (s.a.)
1915 - 1918 Max Graf von Coudenhove (b. 1865 - d. 1928)
Oberstlandmarsch�lle
1861 - 1863 Albert Graf Nostitz-Rieneck
(1st time)
1863 - 1866 Karl Graf Rothkirch-Panthen (s.a.)
1866 - 1867 Albert Graf Nostitz-Rieneck
(2nd time)
1867 Edmund Graf Hartig
1867 - 1870 Adolf F�rst Auersperg
1870 Albert Graf Nostitz-Rieneck
(3rd time)
1871 - 1872 Georg Christian Franz F�rst
Lobkowitz (1st time) (b. 1835 - d. 1908)
1872 - 1883 Karl Wilhelm Philipp F�rst
Auersperg (b. 1814 - d. 1890)
1883 - 1907 Georg Christian Franz F�rst
Lobkowitz (2nd time) (s.a.)
1907 - 1913 Ferdinand Zdenko Maria F�rst
Lobkowitz (b. 1858 - d. 1938)
Chairman of the Provincial Administrative Commission
1913 - 1918 Adalbert Joseph Maria Franz Graf
Sch�nborn-Buchheim-Wolfstahl (b. 1854 - d. 1924)
Governors
8 Dec 1849 - 1 Aug 1860 Leopold Graf Lazansk� (b. 1808 - d. 1860)
11 Aug 1860 - 20 Nov 1860 Anton Graf Forg�ch Ghymes (s.a.)
20 Nov 1860 - 21 May 1862 Gustav Ignaz Graf Chorinsk� (b. 1806 - d. 1873)
21 May 1862 - 20 Sep 1870 Adolf Freiherr von Poche (b. 1811 - d. 1893)
10 Oct 1870 - 29 Jun 1872 Siegmund Graf von Thun und
Hohenstein
29 Jun 1872 - 14 Jun 1874 Philipp Freiherr Weber von Ebenhof (s.a.)
26 Jun 1874 - 18 Mar 1880 Ludwig Freiherr
Possinger-Choborski (b. 1823 - d. 1905)
18 Mar 1880 - 10 Jul 1880 Franz Ritter Kallina-Urbanov
17 Sep 1880 - 7 Nov 1881 Karl Freiherr Korb-Weidenheim (b. 1836 - d. 1881)
8 Nov 1881 - 13 Oct 1888 Friedrich Graf Sch�nborn-
Buchheim-Wolfstahl (b. 1841 - d. 1907)
16 Nov 1888 - 14 Sep 1893 Hermann Freiherr von Loebl (b. 1835 - d. 1907)
3 Oct 1893 - 18 Jan 1900 Alois Freiherr von Spens-Boden
15 Feb 1900 - 17 Sep 1906 Karl Graf Zierotin-Lilgenau (b. 1850 - d. 19...)
1906 - 1907 Hermann Graf Pillersdorf
26 Jan 1908 - 3 Nov 1911 Karl Freiherr von Heinold-Udynski
(1st time) (b. 1862 - d. 1943)
15 Dec 1911 - 29 Nov 1915 Oktavian Freiherr von
Regner-Bleyleben (b. 1866 - d. 1945)
3 Dec 1915 - 30 Oct 1918 Karl Freiherr von Heinold-Udynski
(2nd time) (s.a.)
Landeshauptleute
1861 - 1867 Emmanuel Graf Dubsky von
Trebomyslic (1st time)
1867 Hugo Karl Eduard F�rst zu
Salm-Reifferscheid (1st time) (b. 1803 - d. 1888)
1867 - 1870 Emmanuel Graf Dubsky von
Trebomyslic (2nd time)
1870 - 1871 Adalbert Freiherr von Widmann
(1st time)
1871 Hugo Karl Eduard F�rst zu
Salm-Reifferscheid (2nd time) (s.a.)
1871 - 1884 Adalbert Freiherr von Widmann
(2nd time)
1884 - 1906 Felix Graf Vetter-Lilie (b. 1830 - d. 1913)
1906 - 1918 Otto Graf Ser�nyi von Kis-Ser�nyi (b. 1855 - d. 1927)
1 Aug 1860 - 1 Apr 1861 amalgamated with Moravia
Governors (from 1853, Landespr�sidenten)
8 Dec 1849 - 23 Dec 1853 Josef Freiherr von Kalchberg (b. 1801 - d. 1882)
23 Dec 1853 - 1 Aug 1860 Anton Freiherr von Halbhuber (b. 1809 - d. 1886)
1 Apr 1861 - 28 Mar 1863 Richard Graf Belcredi (s.a.)
(administrator to 10 Oct 1862)
28 Mar 1863 - 25 Jun 1866 Hermann Freiherr von Pillersdorf
(1st time) (b. 1817 - d. 1887)
25 Jun 1866 - 24 Jul 1868 August Ritter von Merkl
24 Jul 1868 - 30 Sep 1870 Hermann Freiherr von Pillersdorf
(2nd time) (s.a.)
4 Oct 1870 - 26 Apr 1882 Alexander Ritter von Summer (b. 1820 - d. 1882)
8 May 1882 - 26 Jun 1886 Olivier Marquis de Bacquehem (b. 1847 - d. 1917)
4 Jul 1886 - 10 Jul 1889 Franz Graf Merweldt (b. 1844 - d. 1916)
24 Jul 1889 - 13 Sep 1894 Karl Ritter Jaeger (b. 1836 - d. 1920)
13 Sep 1894 - 13 Feb 1896 Karl Graf von Coudenhove (s.a.)
25 Feb 1896 - 30 Nov 1898 Manfred Graf Clary-Aldringen (b. 1862 - d. 1928)
30 Nov 1898 - 28 Jun 1905 Josef Graf von Thun und Hohenstein (b. 1856 - d. 1932)
15 Sep 1905 - 26 Jan 1908 Karl Freiherr von Heinold-Udynski (b. 1862 - d. 1942)
26 Jan 1908 - 27 Mar 1915 Max Graf von Coudenhove (s.a.)
27 Mar 1915 - 2 Nov 1918 Adalbert Freiherr von Widmann (b. 1868 - d. 1968)
Landeshauptleute
1861 - 1865 Johann Graf Larisch-Moennich (b. 1821 - d. 1884)
1865 - 1886 Armand Graf Kuenburg (b. 1809 - d. 1886)
1886 - 1918 Heinrich Graf Larisch-Moennich (b. 1850 - d. 1918)
28 Oct 1918 Czechoslovak State
14 Nov 1918 Czechoslovak Republic (from 23 Nov 1938 semi-officially
Czecho-Slovak Republic)
15 Mar 1939 separation into Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
(under German rule) and Slovakia
3 Apr 1945 Czechoslovak Republic reconstituted
11 Jul 1960 Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
29 Mar 1990 Czechoslovak Federal Republic (in Slovak language
Czecho-Slovak Federal Republic)
20 Apr 1990 Czech and Slovak Federal Republic
1 Jan 1993 separation into Czech Republic and Slovakia
First secretaries (from 29 May 1971, general secretaries)
of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia
Mar 1946 - 14 Mar 1953 Klement Gottwald (chairman) (b. 1896 - d. 1953)
14 Mar 1953 - 5 Jan 1968 Anton�n Novotn� (b. 1904 - d. 1975)
(chairman to 5 Sep 1953)
5 Jan 1968 - 17 Apr 1969 Alexander Dubcek (b. 1921 - d. 1992)
17 Apr 1969 - 17 Dec 1987 Gust�v Hus�k (b. 1913 - d. 1991)
17 Dec 1987 - 24 Nov 1989 Milos Jakes (b. 1922)
24 Nov 1989 - 20 Dec 1989 Karel Urb�nek (b. 1941)
20 Dec 1989 - 1 Sep 1990 Ladislav Adamec (b. 1926 - d. 2007)
Chairman of the National Council
28 Oct 1918 - 14 Nov 1918 Karel Kram�r (b. 1860 - d. 1937)
Presidents
14 Nov 1918 - 14 Dec 1935 Tom�s Garrigue Masaryk (b. 1850 - d. 1937)
14 Dec 1935 - 18 Dec 1935 Milan Hodza (acting) (b. 1878 - d. 1944)
18 Dec 1935 - 5 Oct 1938 Edvard Benes (1st time) (b. 1884 - d. 1948)
5 Oct 1938 - 30 Nov 1938 Jan Syrov� (acting) (b. 1888 - d. 1970)
30 Nov 1938 - 4 May 1945 Emil H�cha (b. 1872 - d. 1945)
3 Apr 1945 - 7 Jun 1948 Edvard Benes (2nd time) (s.a.)
(at Kosice to 10 May 1945)
7 Jun 1948 - 14 Mar 1953 Klement Gottwald (s.a.)
(acting to 14 Jun 1948)
14 Mar 1953 - 13 Nov 1957 Anton�n Z�potock� (b. 1884 - d. 1957)
(acting to 21 Mar 1953)
13 Nov 1957 - 19 Nov 1957 Viliam Sirok� (acting) (b. 1902 - d. 1971)
19 Nov 1957 - 22 Mar 1968 Anton�n Novotn� (s.a.)
22 Mar 1968 - 30 Mar 1968 Jozef Len�rt (acting) (b. 1923 - d. 2004)
30 Mar 1968 - 29 May 1975 Ludv�k Svoboda (b. 1895 - d. 1979)
29 May 1975 - 10 Dec 1989 Gust�v Hus�k (s.a.)
10 Dec 1989 - 29 Dec 1989 Mari�n Calfa (acting) (b. 1946)
29 Dec 1989 - 20 Jul 1992 V�clav Havel (b. 1936)
20 Jul 1992 - 31 Dec 1992 Jan Str�sk� (acting) (b. 1940)
Prime ministers
16 Nov 1918 - 8 Jul 1919 Karel Kram�r (s.a.)
8 Jul 1919 - 16 Sep 1920 Vlastimil Tusar (b. 1880 - d. 1924)
16 Sep 1920 - 20 Sep 1921 Jan Cern� (1st time) (b. 1866 - d. 1959)
20 Sep 1921 - 8 Oct 1922 Edvard Benes (s.a.)
8 Oct 1922 - 18 Mar 1926 Anton�n Svehla (1st time) (b. 1873 - d. 1933)
18 Mar 1926 - 12 Oct 1926 Jan Cern� (2nd time) (s.a.)
12 Oct 1926 - 1 Feb 1929 Anton�n Svehla (2nd time) (s.a.)
1 Feb 1929 - 9 Oct 1932 Frantisek Udrzal (b. 1866 - d. 1938)
9 Oct 1932 - 5 Nov 1935 Jan Malypetr (b. 1873 - d. 1947)
5 Nov 1935 - 22 Sep 1938 Milan Hodza (s.a.)
22 Sep 1938 - 1 Dec 1938 Jan Syrov� (s.a.)
1 Dec 1938 - 27 Apr 1939 Rudolf Beran (b. 1887 - d. 1954)
27 Apr 1939 - 28 Sep 1941 Alois Eli�s (b. 1890 - d. 1942)
19 Jan 1942 - 19 Jan 1945 Jaroslav Krejc� (b. 1892 - d. 1956)
19 Jan 1945 - 5 May 1945 Richard Bienert (b. 1881 - d. 1949)
7 Apr 1945 - 3 Jul 1946 Zdenek Fierlinger (b. 1891 - d. 1976)
(at Kosice to 10 May 1945)
3 Jul 1946 - 15 Jun 1948 Klement Gottwald (s.a.)
15 Jun 1948 - 21 Mar 1953 Anton�n Z�potock� (s.a.)
21 Mar 1953 - 22 Sep 1963 Viliam Sirok� (s.a.)
22 Sep 1963 - 4 Apr 1968 Jozef Len�rt (s.a.)
4 Apr 1968 - 28 Jan 1970 Oldrich Cern�k (b. 1921 - d. 1994)
28 Jan 1970 - 11 Oct 1988 Lubom�r Strougal (b. 1924)
11 Oct 1988 - 10 Dec 1989 Ladislav Adamec (s.a.)
10 Dec 1989 - 1 Jul 1992 Mari�n Calfa (s.a.)
1 Jul 1992 - 31 Dec 1992 Jan Str�sk� (s.a.)
Military governors
15 Mar 1939 - 5 Apr 1939 Johannes Blaskowitz (in Bohemia) (b. 1883 - d. 1948)
+ Wilhelm List (in Moravia) (b. 1880 - d. 1971)
Reichsprotektoren
5 Apr 1939 - 24 Aug 1943 Konstantin Freiherr von Neurath (b. 1873 - d. 1956)
29 Sep 1941 - 4 Jun 1942 Reinhard Heydrich (b. 1904 - d. 1942)
(acting for Neurath)
5 Jun 1942 - 24 Aug 1943 Kurt Daluege (b. 1897 - d. 1946)
(acting for Neurath)
24 Aug 1943 - 4 May 1945 Wilhelm Frick (b. 1877 - d. 1946)
President 21 Jul 1940 - 2 Apr 1945 Edvard Benes (s.a.)
Prime minister 21 Jul 1940 - 2 Apr 1945 Jan Sr�mek (b. 1870 - d. 1956)
1 Jan 1969 Czech Socialist Republic within Czechoslovakia
29 Mar 1990 Czech Republic
1 Jan 1993 independence
Presidents
1 Jan 1993 - 2 Feb 1993 V�clav Klaus (1st time) ODS (b. 1941)
(acting)
2 Feb 1993 - 2 Feb 2003 V�clav Havel - (s.a.)
2 Feb 2003 - 7 Mar 2003 Vladim�r Spidla (acting) CSSD (b. 1951)
7 Mar 2003 - V�clav Klaus (2nd time) ODS (s.a.)
Prime ministers
8 Jan 1969 - 29 Sep 1969 Stanislav R�zl KSC (b. 1920 - d. 1999)
29 Sep 1969 - 28 Jan 1970 Josef Kempn� KSC (b. 1920 - d. 1996)
28 Jan 1970 - 20 Mar 1987 Josef Korc�k KSC (b. 1921 - d. 2008)
20 Mar 1987 - 12 Oct 1988 Ladislav Adamec KSC (s.a.)
12 Oct 1988 - 6 Feb 1990 Frantisek Pitra KSC (b. 1932)
6 Feb 1990 - 2 Jul 1992 Petr Pithart KDU-CSL (b. 1941)
2 Jul 1992 - 17 Dec 1997 V�clav Klaus ODS (s.a.)
17 Dec 1997 - 17 Jul 1998 Josef Tosovsk� - (b. 1950)
17 Jul 1998 - 12 Jul 2002 Milos Zeman CSSD (b. 1944)
12 Jul 2002 - 26 Jul 2004 Vladim�r Spidla CSSD (s.a.)
26 Jul 2004 - 25 Apr 2005 Stanislav Gross CSSD (b. 1969)
25 Apr 2005 - 4 Sep 2006 Jir� Paroubek CSSD (b. 1952)
4 Sep 2006 - 8 May 2009 Mirek Topol�nek ODS (b. 1956)
8 May 2009 - Jan Fischer - (b. 1951)
Party abbreviations: CSSD=Czech Social Democratic Party, KDU-CSL=Christian Democratic Union-Czech People's Party, KSC=Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, ODS=Civic Democratic Party