Chess is a game of ancient

• capture the attacker;
• move to safety;
• place one of its pieces on a square between the two, thus shielding the king from the attacking piece.

There was once a sage named Shashi who lived in Sind, in the region of King Rai Bhali in North West India. One night Shashi invented a wonderful new game. The next morming he took it to the king, who marveled at it and asked what reward he wanted. The king said that any reasonable request woul be granted. Shashi said that he merely requested that one grain of wheat be placed on the first square of the chess board, two on the second, four on the third, eight on the fourth and so on, until all 64 squares had been filled. The King agreed.

Murry said that chess was invented in a single night by a philosopher who lived in North West India. But North West India of that time (before 1947 when UK lose its colonies) means a region between Pakistan and Afghanistan. Hindus are great pholosopher, but not much interested in mathematics or games: how could they invented it?
The modern form of Western chess was invented or at least codified in Italy during the period form 1475 to 1497 AD.
The game in Europe prior to 1475 was still substantially identical to that played by Persians, Indians and Arabs in the 7th century. In other words, the game, or at least the most popular form, remained the same for about 800 years. Then, suddendly, major changes were made more or less simultaneously and the old game was almost immediately forgotten. Actually, during those 800 years there were constant experiments with different types of pieces, such as griffin, unicorns and other strange animals.
There are two significant differences between Chinese chess and Persian chess or Western chess. The first is that in Chinese chess (and in Korean chess) the pieces are placed on the intersections or points, whereas in Western chess (and in Japanese chess) the pieces are placed on squares. The reason is that in the much older game of go, the stones were placed on the points, so when a new game was invented this convention was followed.
The other difference is that Western chess uses stand up pieces, whereas most oriental versions of chess including Chinese chess, Korean chess and Japanese chess use flat tiles with Chinese characters printed on them. The first evidence of actual physical pieces does not appear until the game reached Christian Europe.
From China, chess reached Persia by around 650 AD. The Arabs carried chess along with the Koran all the way across North Africa into Spain and France, within less than one hundred years. This is the reason that chess seems to have popped up everywhere almost simultaneously. At the same time, going in the opposite direciton, the Arabs penetrated into China, as a result of which Islam is still today the second most popular religion there. Perhaps, this is also how the Arabs learned of chess, rather than from the Persians or Indians. Chess reached Japan in the Nara period (704-790 AD). Actually, there are so many differences between Chinese and Japanese chess that the authorities in Japan do not believe that it came directly from China or even from Korea. Instead, they think that the evolutionary process took much longer, taking an unlikely route down the Malay peninsula and then jumping to Japan from there.
Chess also spread to other areas subject to Chinese influence. Going South, it entered Burma, Laos, Vietnam and Cambodia. From there it reached Thailand and Malaysia and crossed to the island of Java in Indonesia.
Finally, chess reached the West. It was probably taken by caravans across the Gobi desert to Uzbekistan, where the oldest known physical pieces have been found. From there chess crossed Afghanistan, reaching Persia by the 7th century AD. Chess also jumped from Persia to Ethiopia. There is deep basis for the claim that Western chess is actually the most recent version of the game.