C64
Commodore 64's Kola graphic data-format supports 2 or 16
colors; packed, crunched and uncompressed graphics.
.CAB, Cabinet
A non-proprietary Cabinet file format used for automatic Internet Component Download by Web browsers; such as the Microsoft Internet Explorer (using the <OBJECT> tag).
The format is based on Lempel-Ziv (LZ) codec. (The Microsoft Internet SDK includes a free utility called DIANTZ.EXE that uses a .DDF "directive file" to specify which files are combined into the cabinet.) A cabinet contains one or more files (including PE and .INF files), necessary to implement a particular ActiveX object--all of which must be downloaded together. (MIME Type: application/ x-cabinet _%opersy s%_%cpu%)
A single .INF file references the other files in the .CAB. To support platform-independents, the .INF file can also reference files at other URLs with HTTP format negotiation.
Microsoft's Cabinet File Viewer, which is part of its PowerToys utility collection--is required for extraction. Without it, Windows 95 will not recognize the file type. The Viewer, a shell extension, makes the .CAB file look like a folder, so it must be loaded before the .CAB file's contents can be viewed.
Use the EXTRACT.EXE utility to extract a specified file. For example, to extract from the Windows 95 CD (in drive D) to the current directory use: EXTRACT D:\path\filename.cab filename.exe
To extract to a different directory (e.g., C:\Windows), use the /L syntax: EXTRACT D:\path\filename.cab filename.exe /L C:\Windows.
Captain Crunch
Video compression/decompression (codec) format developed by Media Vision for DOS/Windows-based systems. It is based on a "wavelet" mathematical technique which transforms an image into a set of different spacial representations, one containing all the low-frequency information, the rest containing the high-frequency information. Wavelet images "artifacts" are not highly defined, they look very soft.
Captain Crunch supports a playback of up to 30 frames per second in a 320 (h) by 1240 (v) pixel window with 24-bits-per-pixel color depth.
CCITT's H.320
Consultative Committee on International Telephone and Telegraph's multimedia compression/decompression (codec) format. This CCITT (now International Telecommunications Union) standard for real-time videoconferencing, requires decoding hardware at playback stations because it uses a complex discrete-cosine-transform algorithm to compress content.
Both CCITT Group-3 and CCITT Group-4 schemes support compression ratios as high as 8 bytes to 1.
CD-Autio
Standard music tracks which can be played on any CD player. Audio file format can be used on MAC and Windows systems. Other audio standards: AIFF, MIDI, snd, and .WAV.
.CDR
A CorelDraw graphic document (v3.05-4.0).
.CGI
Common Gateway Interface (CGI) scripting application runs on a Web server and acts on information sent to it from a Web browser application like Netscape's Navigator or Microsoft's Internet Explorer. It can be used to extend the capabilities of a Internet Service Provider's (ISP's) Web server computer to interact with a database.
For example, a Web page can be used to view requested data in a linked database or send information to it. It can also be used to match where a user has clicked on a "hot spot" on a Web page image (defined by an image map file) which directs the user to the appropriate URL (Universal Resource Locater page/site link).
CGIs can also be used to process forms. CGI implementation includes many variations among UNIX-, MacOS- and Window-based ISPs. Contact your ISP for technical assistance. (More at: HTML.).
.CGM
Craphics data-format used by several programs: Harvard Graphics on MacOS systems, Lotus Freelance on DOS/Windows systems.
.CHP
A SpDE text file representing a placed and routed design in a computer circuitry simulation..
CHS
An encrypted file representing a placed and routed design in a SpDE computer circuitry simulation.
Chrominance
The color level of a video signal.
Cinepak
Video compression/decompression (codec) format developed by SuperMac Technologies for use on a MAC. It is based on a VQ (vector quantization) algorithm. Subsequently licensed by Apple for its QuickTime, Microsoft for its Video for Windows, Atari, Sega and 3DO. Software-playable, it supports compression ratios from 20:1 to 200:1. (200 bytes represented by 1 byte.)
Clipboard
MacOS's Finder generates a Clipboard file and an associated portion of available system RAM, for storing information cut or copied from a document (ostensibly for pasting it elsewhere). Its data-format supports color palettes for images of 2, 4, 16, 256, 32768 (15 bits), and 17 million colors (24 bits).
Clipping
Distorting a sound. The clipping off of the sound's amplitude's (waveform) top and bottom where it exceed the quantization range.
.CLP
The contents of the Windows 3.1 Clipboard was saved to a file with this default extension. To retrieve any file with this extension, switch to the Program Manager in the Main group, choose the Clipboard Viewer; then, use the File menu's option to Open the file: OK!
.CMX
A CorelDraw Clip Art document file format (v5.0).
CMYK
The colors: Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and Black. Based on subtractive qualities of reflected light, specified precentages of each of these colors can be used to create nearly any other color in the spectrum. (Printers using only CMY colors, are limited in reproducing some colors--particularly black.)
Codec
A compression/decompression, enCOder/DECoder scheme that reduces the number of bits required to represent data during transmission and storage. Then, restores the compressed data for accurate representation of the original. For example, the MPEG codec can compress video for transmission and storage, and then decompress it for on screen display.
As long as a codec's mathematical algorithm is directly supported by extensions to the operating system, the particular codec used should be based on the speed of compression and decompression-to-playback, and the quality of onscreen display.
Color Keying
A special effect, in video and film used to superimpose one image over another by filming it against a solid color (typically, a blue screen) so that it may be composited onto a different background.
Color Wheel
The MacOS mechanism for choosing, "picking" colors from a round palette. The palettes always contain black and white in addition to other colors. In the palette, white always occupies the first color index position and black the last position. Images from other operating systems may place these two colors at different index positions, or not include them. A "Macintize" process adjusts the image to display correctly.
.COM
A command or program or application file which contains code for using the data in the same file or in another command, text or data file, or loaded into RAM from BIOS ROM including hardware configurations. If you change the name of the file, it (or the computer if it is COMMAND.COM file) may not operate properly. MacOS: it ca n be accessed with a utility like SoftPC. The file has this creator type: PCXT and this File Type: PCFA.
Composite
The combination of brightness, color, and synchronization information in a video signal. On screen, "cross color" problems could cause odd colors to appear.
Compression Ratio
An indicator of the size of the uncompressed image compared with the size of the compressed image. A 2-to-1 ratio uses 1 byte to represent 2 bytes--a 50% reduction.
Contrast
In an onscreen image, the range between the lightest and darkest tones.
Convert
To translate a data file's (text, image or sound) format as may be determined by its originating application or input device, to a format required for use by another application or device which may also be associated to a different operating system.
.CPT
Compact Pro file compression application developed by Bill Goodman. StuffIt Classic files have a filename extension of .CPT. Use either Compact Pro or Extractor (also developed by Bill Goodman) or StuffIt Expander to decompress these archived files
.CUT
Dr. Halo™'s DOS/Windows (2, 16, or 256) color and Black and White (B&W), data-format. Files have a filename extension of: .CUT.
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