.TB
Turbo Writer's testbench file for VHDL simulator.
Template
A file format which serves as a basic pattern (text, formulas, styles, formats, charts, and macro sheets) used to simplify the creation of new documents similar to template.
.TBL
An Adobe Table Editor (text in rows-and columns) "table" document which can be placed in a PageMaker document.
Temp
A temporary file probably stored on the hard drive when a computer fails unexpectedly. For MacOS, the file will either be stored in a TEMP folder inside the System Folder or inside a folder in the Trash. Delete all temp files.
.TF
Waveform Editor's or Turbo Writer's Verilog Test-Fixture input stimulus file. (It can be used by Silos III.)
TGA
"Targa" data-format for DOS/Windows and MacOS graphics. It includes: TrueVision/Targa's compression/decompression scheme and supports pixel depths of 8-, 16-, 24-, and 32-bits. This format is also used to exchange hi-res graphics among several packages using these filename extensions: .ICB, .VDA, and .VST.
3DMF
QuickDraw 3D MetaFile is a cross-platform, cross-application file format from Apple. It supports 3-D geometry and the information that represents a view or scene; as well as, providing acceleration services for plug-and-play acceleration boards.
Threshold
A level which defines whether a pixel will be represented as black or white.
.TIF, TIFF
Tagged Image File Format, an American National Standards Institute (ANSI) approved standard; TIFF 6.0 may still be the latest version. The ANSI approved a TIFF/IT8.8 standard for converting RGB-to-CMYK through common color spaces so that color will be consistent across platforms (different operating systems) and applications. It does this by adding TAGs to the raster image data describing the unique features needed by image-manipulation and color-matching hardware and software, including scanners.
For example, a picture 320 by 240 pixels would include a width TAG followed by the number 320 and a depth TAG followed by the number 240.
TAG specifications may be added to or changed in a TIFF image file as required; e.g., a higher dots-per-inch resolution. Generally, files may be: black and white (B&W) TIFFs, created by scanning line-art; Palette-color TIFF images (of 16- or 256-colors), created by a graphic "paint" application; and, Grayscale or Full-color TIFFs of scanned photographs.
TIFF files usually have these filename extensions: TIF or TIF(U) when uncompressed; both B&W and Palette-color files use TIF(P), for moderately compressed files and TIFF(P), for files with maximum compression; both Grayscale and Full-color files use TIF(LD) for moderately compressed files and TIFF(LD2) for files with maximum compression. The overlay complex bitmapped image format includes these TIFF classes:
- Class-A, compressed by CCITT ID or PackBits.
- Class-G, Grayscale data. 4 or 8 bits per pixel.
- Class-P, Palette color, up to 256 colors and one to eight bits per pixel.
- Class-R, RGB full color image with up to 16,277.216 colors.
- To save data storage space, make a compressed copy of the original image; then, delete the original. To save time, you can establish a link between the compressed file and a Desktop Publishing application's document that the TIFF art will be used in. If the application does not support such links, the TIFF-file will have to be decompressed before importing it.
Some applications have utilities for altering the appearance of imported TIFF images. Such utilities may enable you to do the following:
- Change the lightness or darkness of the image.
- Change the contrast between objects or areas within the image, making them lighter or darker in relation to background surrounding them.
- Change the pattern of dots or lines that make up the image, particularly its screen-angle. (A 90° angle usually results in the best print reproduction of a scanned photograph.) .
- Change the number of dots or lines used to create the image, usually to conform with a specific printer's capabilities.
A setting of 90 lines per inch (lpi) will result in an image having more shades of gray than 120 lpi. DOS/Windows TIFF graphics data-formats: Packbit compressed and LZW compressed, CCITT compressed and Thunderscan™ compressed; Grayscale, color mapped and RGB. MacOS TIFF data-formats: Packbit compressed and LZW compressed, CCITT compressed and Thunderscan™ compressed; Grayscale, color mapped and RGB.
Conversion utilities may not be compatible with the many different data-format variations. The publisher of the utility should be able to confirm their product's capabilities. For example, some utilities cannot handle TIFF LZW files that are 7000 (or more) pixels wide.
For MacOS: use application like Sam Leffer's tifflib.
A DOS viewer utility is CompuShow. TIFF/IT is a rasterized format, usually PostScript Level 2, that is supported by the American National Standards Institute. The equivalent of digital film, uneditable documents can be digitally transmitted direct-to-plate to print producers. Often used for sending advertisements from an ad agency to the printers.
.TMP
A temporary file probably stored on the hard drive in a TEMP directory when a computer fails unexpectedly. For Windows, to locate the TEMP directory/folder use an editor to view the contents of the AUTOEXEC.BAT file. It will probably be referenced by the command: set temp= . Other temp files that may be found include: ~WOA and .SWP files. At the DOS prompt, delete all temp files except those with .PAR extensions.
Time code
A method of referencing each frame of a video so that the speed at which the video frames advance can be controlled by a computer. The rate of advance can be slowed to one frame at a time for "step-time capture" (digitization one frame at a time).
trak
An Audio CD file format.
.TRE
QuickLogic's Hierarchy Navigator utility's text file of assigned attributes.
TWAIN
"Technology Without An Important (or Interesting) Name," an applications communication protocol for MacOS and Windows developed by Aldus, Caere, HP, Logitech, and Kodak. If a device such as a scanner, video-capture board, or digital camera has a TWAIN device driver, users can convert a digitized image to a TIFF file and name it. If an application supports TWAIN, the TIFF image can be linked to a document file, or placed in it. Without TWAIN, you cannot scan images directly into programs such as WinFax or PageMaker. There are third-party sources of TWAIN device drivers, such as Diamond Head Software's add-on for Visual Basic that can acquire images from 100 different scanners. For MacOS, the TWAIN filter is named the data Source Manager file.
This filter, with supporting files (such as .DLLs) for each device to be use to acquire images--all must reside in the Preferences folder. These modular software add-ons, also called "Plug-Ins," are usually available free from application publishers. TWAIN modules shipped with scanners usually have a variety of tools. Most include: automatically choosing the optimal brightness for a scanned image with an auto-exposure control; separate brightness, contrast, gama-correction and zoom controls; the ability to pick the brightest and darkest points in the image to enhance the midtone detail. For color scanners, tools to adjust color hue and bring out details in particular regions of an image. With TWAIN-compatibility, applications can input images directly from the source device into documents without the need to create individual image files.
.TXT
A plain-text document.
References are samples only. Each one is presented in greater detail in the Technical Research Assistant 2000
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