.NAM
A Waveform Viewer binary file representing computer
circuitry simulation data. It can be used by SCS's navigator
feature to review simulation results.
.NEO
Atari ST graphics data-format supports up to 16 colors in two image options 640 (h) by 400 (v) pixels, and 320 (h) by 200 (v) pixels. Files may have a filename extension of: .NEO.
.NEQ
A SpDE text file representing computer circuitry simulation data. It can be used by SCS Verilog 2.
NIS
Novell Inc.'s NetWare Imaging Service.
Noise
Undesired distortion of an audio or video signal.
NTSC
The analog broadcast television standard set by the National Television System Committee for use in North America. Also used for video casettes, it specifies onscreen images composed of 525 lines per frame and displayed at 30 frames per second.
NuDoc
A flexible, object-oriented page-description technology from Archetype. Its documents are designed to be independent of their final destination--printed or Web published. Tags embedded within the content specify media type (text, pictures, movies) and output format (PostScript or HTML)--making conversions unnecessary. The NuDoc imaging engine reads the tags and pours the contents into the appropriate document template or "container." With a NuDoc plugin, browsers can edit the documents.
ODBC
Open database connectivity was developed by the SQL Access Group and is a Microsoft Corp. standard. It is based on a call-level interface. ODBC-compliant applications and middleware components can have--in theory--any frontend application plugged into their back ends. A single SQL (Structured Query Language) application can simultaneously access data in more than one type of database management system (DBMS) and access DBMSes located in more than one storage location.
The ODBC API (application programing interface) is compatible with many Windows, MacOS, Unix, MVS and VMS applications and middleware like Intersolv Inc.'s SequeLink. If an application includes standard SQL (Standard Query Language) access commands, it can use ODBC drivers to access databases.
The drivers intercept the SQL queries, send them to the local or remote database, and return the results to the application. This is the reason that many computer telephony application generators include ODBC database access. All new ODBC components are 32-bit.
OCR
Optical Character Recognition algorithms converts the text in an image to an editable form. Typically the source device of the image is a scanner or fax. If a scanner, the smaller or more elaborate its font, the greater the number of dot-per-inch (DPI) required. Usually, for a 9 point type or larger, a 300-dpi scanner would be sufficient. There are two general types of OCR software, trainable and omnifont.
A "Trainable" OCR application matches the scanned-in patterns to a model of the font contained in the software. If a character is not recognized, it asks the user to teach it how.
An "Omnifont" OCR application breaks down each character into lines, curves, and breaks that comprise it, and then compares those features into an internal data base of character traits.
Among the many desired OCR features are: "automatic page decomposition," to deal with irregular layouts, text in tables, text wrapped around images, text in headers and footers, and possibly translate snaking columns into a page of continuous text. "Zoning," to process only the text in a selected area of the document image. A "spelling checker," to flag suspicious words which may not have been accurately converted. Typically OCRs translate text into ASCII text.
OLE
Object Linking and Embedding from Microsoft, makes linked images active in documents.
OpenType
An internet font format developed by Adobe and Microsoft. It combines (Apple's) TrueType and Adobe's Type 1 fonts and uses compression for fast transmission across the Web and to PostScript printing devices.
References are samples only. Each one is presented in greater detail in the
Technical Research Assistant for 2001
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